• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.447-458
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 K-means 군집 분석을 통하여 최근 5년간(2014-2018) 한반도 남동 지역의 고농도 미세먼지 발생에 영향을 미치는 주요 종관 기상 패턴을 분류하였다. 또한 고농도 미세먼지 사례일의 발생과 관련된 지역적 차이를 살펴보기 위하여 NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction)/FNL (Final Operational Global Analysis) 재해석 기상자료를 이용하여 부산, 울산, 경남 지역의 미세먼지 발생 특성과 관련된 종관 규모 기상의 특성에 대한 비교 연구도 수행하였다. 한반도 남동 지역의 고농도 미세먼지 사례일과 관련된 종관 기상 패턴은 총 5개(C1-C5)로 분류된다. 각 군집의 발생빈도는 24.8% (C1), 21.3% (C2), 20.4% (C3), 17.3% (C4), 16.2% (C5)이다. 기상 패턴 분석을 통하여 제시된 남동 지역의 고농도 미세먼지를 유발하는 요인에는 지역 외부에서 장·단거리 수송(C1, C3, C5)에 의한 영향과 지역내 배출(C2, C4)에 의한 것임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 고농도 미세먼지 발생일에 대해 부산, 울산, 경남 세 지역의 기상장을 분석하였을 때, 500 hPa 지위 고도 및 풍속 등의 기상학적 특성이 지역별로 다르게 나타났다. 그리고 고기압의 작은 위치 변화가 각 지역의 미세먼지 발원과 장거리 이동 경향성에 영향을 미치고 있었다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2015

The trajectory analysis of boundary layer ozone data at four regional sites in the East Asian outflow regions in Japan was carried out together with boundary layer ozone data observed at Mt. Tai and Mt. Huang in the source region of central eastern China during the monsoon onset in May-June 2003 and 2004. At all sites, the influences of anthropogenic emissions from East Asia have been found. During May and June 2004, the evidences of direct pollution transport from central eastern China to Hedo, an outflow site in Okinawa Island were observed. Ozone mixing ratios associated with air masses from central eastern China averaged 45 ppb while those associated with clean air masses from the Pacific were only 14 ppb, which resulted in averaged 31 ppb increase of ozone mixing ratios during the pollution episodes from central eastern China at Cape Hedo. Using transport time analysis and averaging all ozone episodes transported from central eastern China, the ozone dilution rate of 5.4 ppb per day was roughly estimated during air masses transported from source to outflow regions at Hedo. In the regions nearby Japanese mainland, however ozone increases by long-range transports were more related to both domestic and East Asian sources as a whole.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2006

Aircraft measurements have been executed for the purpose of monitoring the long range transported air pollution and estimation of air pollutant in/out-flux over the Yellow sea. Total 74 missions of measurements have been done since 1997, mainly in spring and fall. The main study domain was over $124^{\circ}$E $/sim$ $124^{\circ}$E, $35^{\circ}$N $/sim$ $37^{\circ}$N below 3,000m. In long-term trends, mixing ratios of $SO_{2}$N were around 2 ppbv expect in summer ( < 1 ppbv). NOx exhibited 24 ppbv and have no clear annual trends over the Yellow Sea. The concentrations of 03 were 51, 58, 41 ppbv in spring, summer and fall-winter, respectively. Backward trajectory was performed for three days to investigate the source regions of the air mass. Six regions were divided around Korea peninsular centering at $36^{\circ}$N, $126^{\circ}$E. I, II, III, IV and V regions represents in sequence northeast China and Siberia, Sandong peninsula and Balhae gulf, Sanghi and southern China, the south Pacific included Jeju island and the East sea included Japan. L region correspond to the airmass from Korea peninsula. Influx of $SO_{2}$N was approximately five times higher than outflux in yearly flux variation and showed a decreasing long-term trend since 1998. NOx outflux was average 0.095 ton/km/hr and three times higher than $SO_{2}$ outflux. In/out flux of 03 showed even distribution in yearly basis except 2002 (influx 5.45 ton/km/hr). The transported amounts from I, II, III regions were much higher than those from other region. In seasonal flux variation, influx levels of gas phases were the lowest in summer and the levels gradually increased from fall toward spring. As a result, transport of pollutants begins from fall and prevails in winter and spring.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.287-301
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate size distribution characteristics of water-soluble ionic components in the airborne particulate matter (PM) collected from an urban area in Busan using a MOUDI cascade impactor from March to October 2010. The inorganic constituents in the fine particles (${\leq}1.8{\mu}m$) predominantly consisted of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and potassium. Sulfate and ammonium concentrations showed a high correlation and similar equivalent concentrations in the fine modes including $0.18{\sim}0.32{\mu}m$, $0.32{\sim}0.56{\mu}m$, and $0.56{\sim}1.0{\mu}m$. This indicates that the main chemical component in the fine particles would be forms of ammonium sulfate such as $(NH_4)_3H(SO_4)_2$, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$, and $(NH_4)HSO_4$. Back trajectory analysis showed that relatively higher concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate in the fine mode, compared to the coarse mode, are caused both by domestic sources and long-range transports originated from China continent. High concentration episodes of PM both in the fine mode and the coarse mode were attributed both by anthropogenic sources, such as ship emissions and traffic emissions, and by natural sources such as seawater (sea salt), respectively.

• 대기
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.525-535
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• 2019

Vertical distributions of aerosol mass concentrations over Seoul and Gangneung from January to February 2015 were investigated using aerosol Mie-scattering lidars. Vertical mass concentration of aerosol was calculated from the lidar data using KALION's algorithm and quantitatively compared with ground PM₁₀ concentration to obtain objectivity of data. The backward trajectories calculated using HYSPLIT (version 4) were clustered into 5 traces for Seoul and 6 traces for Gangneung, and the observed aerosol vertical mass distribution was analyzed for individual trajectories. Result from the analysis shows that, aerosol concentrations with in the planetary boundary layer were highest when airflows into the measurement points originated in the Shandong Peninsula or the Inner Mongolia. In addition, the difference of aerosol mass concentrations in the two regions below 1 km was about twice as large as that in the long range transport from the Shandong Peninsula compared to the local emission. This result shows that the air quality over Korea related to particulate matters are affected more by aerosol emissions in the upstream source regions and the associated transboundary transports than local emissions. This study also suggests that the use of local aerosol observations is critical for accurate simulations of aerosol-cloud interactions.