• 한국암반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국암반공학회 2008년도 국제학술회의
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• pp.33-41
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• 2008

The longest tunnel has been halted at Daekwanryung by the failure of the host country of the Winter Olympiad in 2014, but modern High-Power TBM will come to Korea to excavate these long tunnels to establish the better horizontal connection between the western and eastern countries to improve the strong powerful logistic strategy of Korean peninsula. Train operation provides a key function of air movements in a long underground tunnel, and heat generation from transit vehicles may account of the most heat release to the ventilation and emergency systems. This paper indicates the optimal fire suppress services and safety provision for the long railway tunnel which is designed twin tunnel with length 22km in Gangwon province of Korea. The design of the fire-fighting systems and emergency were prepared by the operation of the famous long-railway tunnels as well as the severe lessons from the real fires in domestic and overseas experiences. Designers should concentrate the optimal solution for passenger's safety at the emergency state when tunnel fires, train crush accidents, derailment, and etc. The optimal fire-extinguishing facilities for long railway tunnels are presented for better safety of the comfortable operation in this hard rock tunnel of eastern mountains side of Korea. Since year 1900, hard rock tunnel construction has been launched for railway tunnels in Korea, tunnels have been built for various purposes not only for infrastructure tunnels including roadway, railway, subway, and but also for water and power supply, for deposit food, waste, and oils etc. Most favorable railway tunnel system was discussed in details; twin tunnels, distance of cross passage, ventilation systems, for the comfortable train operations in the future.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국터널공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.251-258
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• 2005

In this study, a new concept for simulating a long-term mechanical degradation mechanism of shotcrete in tunnels has been proposed. In fact, it is known that the degradation takes place mainly by internal cracks and reduced stiffness, which results mainly from volume expansion of shotcrete and corrosion of cement materials, respectively. This degradation mechanism of shotcrete in tunnels appears similar to those of the most kinds of chemical reactions in tunnels. Therefore, the mechanical degradation induced by a kinds of chemical reaction was generalized and mathematically formulated in the framework of thermodynamics. The numerical model was implemented to a 3D finite element code, which can be used to simulate behaviour of shotcrete structures undergoing external forces as well as chemical degradation in time. A number of illustrative examples were given to show the feasibility of the model in tunnel designs with consideration of long-term degradation effect of shotcrete quantitatively for increase of long-term safety of tunnels.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.880-885
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• 2004

When a fire takes place, the escape tunnel which could prevent passengers and the crew from disasters would be most important facility among railway tunnel facilities for prevention of disaster. A shorter space between the escape tunnels is much better for safety because of short escape time. The establishment of short space escape tunnels(driftways) in the single track parallel tunnel is much easier. The establishment of long space escape tunnels(inclined shafts, vertical shafts) in the double track is much more advantageous economically. We, therefore, compared the movement time of smog originated from fire with the escape time of the crew and passengers for setting up the best space between the escape tunnels in the double track tunnel. We could calculate the best space between the escape tunnels in the double track tunnel properly by computer simulation.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.80-90
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• 2022

연구목적: 본 연구는 고속철도와 도시철도 장대터널 계측기기의 정상 작동율 현황을 조사하고 분석하여 장대터널에서 스마트계측과 계측관리 기술을 향상시키고자 한다. 연구방법: 고속철도 장대터널 3개 노선인 수서평택선, 경부선, 호남선과 도시철도 장대터널 2개 노선인 서울도시철도 5,6,7호선과 9호선을 대상으로 장대터널별 6-8종류의 계측기기에 대하여 정상 작동율을 조사하고 분석하여 상호 비교를 실시한다. 연구결과: 계측기기의 정상 작동이 높은 순서는 수서평택고속철도 92.1%, 서울도시철도 5,6,7호선 85.8%, 서울도시철도 9호선 85.2%, 경부고속철도 80.5%, 호남고속철도 46.7%로 나타났다. 결론: 3개 고속철도 장대터널 계측기기의 정상 작동율 평균은 83.4%이며, 2개 도시철도 장대터널 평균은 85.5%를 보여 편차는 크지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 고속철도와 도시철도 5개 노선의 장대터널 계측기기의 정상 작동율 평균은 84.2%를 보였다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.829-843
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• 2017

최근 국가간 대륙간의 정치 경제 문화의 통합에 따른 여객 및 물류수송의 증가로 인해 이를 수용할 수 있는 교통 시스템 건설을 위한 필수적 요소 중 하나인 해저터널의 필요성이 대두됨에 따라 해저터널의 연장이 점차 증가되는 추세에 있다. 하지만, 현재 연장 5 km 이상의 해저터널은 19개가 건설되어 있으나, 연장 50 km 이상의 해저터널 시공 및 운영사례는 전무한 실정이다. 우리나라의 경우에는 한 중 해저터널, 한 일 해저터널, 호남~제주 해저터널 등 연장 50 km 이상의 해저터널이 계획 중에 있으며, 지역특성상 국가간 연결터널이 대다수로서, 해저터널 건설에 대한 기술선점의 중요성이 더욱더 크게 대두되고 있다. 이러한 해저터널은 대부분 초장대의 고수압 조건에 건설됨에 따라, 초장대 터널에서의 환기 및 방재기술, 고수압 조건에서의 구조적 안정성 확보기술, 열차고속화에 의한 공력저감기술 등 육상터널과는 다른 새로운 개념의 건설기술들이 종합적으로 요구되나, 유로터널 등 기존사례의 기술수준 반영 시에는 과도한 건설비와 건설기간이 소요된다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 호남~제주 구간에 대한 가상설계를 통하여 현재 설계 및 시공사례가 없는 고수압(최대수심 160 m), 초장대(총 연장 108 km), 고속철도(설계속도 350 km) 터널의 구조적 안정성 확보, 시공 중 및 운행 시 효율적 환기 방재 시스템 확립 등 다양한 문제점들에 대한 합리적인 해결방안을 제시하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2020

Mountainous areas cover more than 70% of Korea. With the rapid increase in tunnel construction, tunnel-collapse incidents and excessive deformation are occurring more frequently. In addition, longer tunnel structures are being constructed, and geologically weaker ground conditions are increasingly being encountered during the construction process. Tunnels constructed under weak ground conditions exhibit long-term deformation behavior that leads to tunnel instability. This study analyzes the behavior of the bottom region of tunnels under geological conditions of long-term deformation. Long-term deformation causes various types of damage, such as cracks and ridges in the packing part of tunnels, as well as cracks and upheavals in the pavement of tunnels. We observed rapid tunnel over-displacement due to the squeezing of a fault rupture zone after the inflow of a large amount of groundwater. Excessive increments in the support member strength resulted in damage to the support and tunnel bottom. In addition, upward infiltration pressure on the tunnel road was found to cause severe pavement damage. Furthermore, smectite (a highly expandable mineral), chlorite, illite, and hematite, were also observed. Soil samples and rock samples containing clay minerals were found to have greater expansibility than general soil samples. Considering these findings, countermeasures against the deformation of tunnel bottoms are required.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.32-40
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• 1981

A lot of submerged tunnels which cross revers and channels have been constructed in the USA, European countries and Japan. It is very important to consider anti-seismicity of the tunnels when they are located in active seismic zone. Fortunately, the submerged tunnels have never been damaged by earthquakes, however a umber off surveys and experiments to examine the anti-seismicity of the submerged tunnels have been carried out from various points of view. the dynamic characteristics of the submerged tunnels which are buried in the ground and have long total length from that of the structures above ground. 'Specificitions of Earthquake Resistant Desion of Submerged Tunnels' was established by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers in 1975. These specifications greatly promote the construction of the submerged tunnels. In this technical paper, the outline of the construction and a few methods of earthquake resistant designs for the tunnels: earthquakes observations, indoor experiments by shaking table, and numerical analysis by computer are also mentioned.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2002

협소한 국토의 효율적 개발을 위하여 필수적인 장대터널의 확충은 사회, 경제, 환경, 기술적 환경의 변화에 따라 최적 설계가 점차 어려워지고 있다. 특히 관련 기초분야 연구가 극히 미흡한 국내 사정을 감안할 경우, 장대터널 설계 및 운영에 필요한 요소기술의 개발은 시급한 과제가 아닐 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 터널 환기에 관련된 유일한 국제 심포지움인 International Symposium on Aerodynamic and Ventilation of vehicle Tunnels에 1990년대 이후 발표된 연구분야 분석을 통하여 국내 연구가 반드시 필요한 과제의 제시를 목적으로 하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

Tunnels are generally constructed below the ground water table, which produces a long-term interaction between the tunnel lining and the surrounding geo-materials. Thus, in conjunction with tunnel design, the presence of water may require a number of considerations such as: leakage and water load. It has been reported that deterioration of a drainage system of tunnels is one of the main factors governing the long-term hydraulic and structural lining-ground interaction. Therefore, the design procedure of an underwater tunnel should address any detrimental effects associated with this interaction. In this paper an attempt to identify the coupled structural and hydraulic interaction between the lining and the ground was made using a numerical method. A main concern was given to local hindrance of flow into tunnels. Six cases of local deterioration of a drainage system were considered to investigate the effects of deterioration on tunnels. It is revealed that hindrance of flow increased pore-water pressure on the deteriorated areas, and caused detrimental effects on the lining structures. The analysis results were compared with those from fully permeable and impermeable linings.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.234-239
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• 2004

Recently, the tunnel structures are increasing. And the tunnels are to be large diameter tunnel and long. Therefore, inspection, repair, and maintenance of tunnels are an extremely important part of infrastructure management, with particular technical and safety considerations arising from the very nature of underground construction. To inspect surface state of tunnels, concrete structures, it must generally use method of conventional visual inspection, but this method is very not objective. To measure the width, length, position, direction of a crack, it is very difficult, when the tunnel is long span and high rise. Thus, to make up for this demerits, in this paper is proposed the Tunnel Scanning System that we can check conditions of the tunnel structures quickly, detect the detailed data objectively, count automatically the width of a crack by the original software and follow the trend of long tenn changes in the condition of a tunnel.