• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2020

This paper belongs in a literature of sustainablity policy determination. This paper offers an actual status and explanation to corporate social responsibility of SMEs in Korea. This study examines CSR situation focused on developing mechanisms to enable the SMEs sector. Firstly, this study suggests introducing the third-party professional assurance service on sustainablity reports and/or asking global accreditation such as ISO14001 and ISO26000 when entry as a provider in government e-procurement system. Secondly, this study introduce the CSR Committee headed by the CEO and coordinates group-wide committees to discuss the CSR Guidelines. Third, because CSR does not only have to do with the SMEs, but pertains to the local community and business partner, this study offered the opportunity to work with large companies in aspects of CSR.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.173-199
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• 2012

The purpose of the study is to test and analyze differences in consumers' satisfaction and influences of competitiveness of goods on consumers' purchase decision by demographic characteristics and by channel distribution. The hypotheses have been tested through T-test and ANOVA with one-way and two-way using SPSS Win Ver. 12.0. The distribution channels are classfied with five ones such as company direct operation shop, agent licensed shop, department store, internet home shopping and outlet goods shop. This study can indirectly suggest a local clothing brand industry countermeasures for raising competitiveness and changing consumer preferences in the open domestic market.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.267-271
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• 2020

Cerium oxide (ceria, CeO₂) is one of the most wide-spread oxide supporting materials for the precious metal nanoparticle class of heterogeneous catalysts. Because ceria can store and release oxygen ions, it is an essential catalytic component for various oxidation reactions such as CO oxidation (2CO + O₂ 2CO₂). Moreover, reduced ceria is known to be reactive for water activation, which is a critical step for activation of water-gas shift reaction (CO + H₂O → H₂ + CO₂). Here, we apply van der Waals-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with U correction to study the mechanism of water chemisorption on CeO₂(111) surfaces. A stoichiometric CeO₂(111) and a defected CeO₂(111) surface showed different water adsorption chemistry, suggesting that defected CeO₂ surfaces with oxygen vacancies are responsible for water binding and activation. An appropriate level of water-ceria chemisorption energy is deduced by vdW-corrected non-local correlation coupled with the optB86b exchange functional, whereas the conventional PBE functional describes weaker water-ceria interactions, which are insufficient to stabilize (chemisorb) water on the ceria surfaces.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1129-1135
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• 2007

Human face detection technique plays an important role in computer vision area. It has lots of applications such as face recognition, video surveillance, human computer interface, face image database management, and querying image databases. In this paper, a fast face detection approach using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) is proposed based on the previous study on face detection technique. In the proposed detection system, firstly it filter the face potential area using statistical feature which is generated by analyzing the local histogram distribution the detection process is speeded up by eliminating most of the non-face area in this step. In the next step, PCA feature vectors are generated, and then detect whether there are faces present in the test image using SVM classifier. Finally, store the detection results and output the results on the test image. The test images in this paper are from CMU face database. The face and non-face samples are selected from the MIT data set. The experimental results indicate the proposed method has good performance for face detection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.80-87
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• 2015

The proliferation of the Internet and communication technologies and applications, besides the conventional retailers, has led to a new form of distribution channel, namely home sopping through the telephone, TV, catalog or the Internet. The conventional and new distribution channels have different transaction costs perceived by the consumers in the following perspectives: the accessibility to the product information, the traffic cost and the opportunity cost for the time to visit the store, the possibility of 'touch and feel' to test the quality of the product, the delivery time and the concern for the security for the personal information. Difference in the transaction costs between the distribution channels results in the different selling prices even for the same product. Moreover, distribution channels with different selling prices necessarily result in different business surpluses. In this paper, we study the multilateral bargaining strategy of a manufacturer who sells a product through multiple distribution channels with different transaction costs. We first derive the Nash equilibrium solutions for both simultaneous and sequential bargaining games. The numerical analyses for the Nash equilibrium solutions show that the optimal bargaining strategy of the manufacturer heavily depends not only on the degree of competition between the distribution channels but on the difference of the business surpluses of the distribution channels. First, it is shown that there can be four types of locally optimal bargaining strategies if we assume the market powers of the manufacturer over the distribution channels can be different. It is also shown that, among the four local optimal bargaining strategies, simultaneous bargaining with the distribution channels is the most preferred bargaining strategy for the manufacturer.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.784-792
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• 2018

In this study, we designed the area except the development market and the traditional market, where large scale shops were concentrated by realizing the real estate center of the alley commercial area. In addition, we have developed an area setting method for the alley area where reliability and rationality can be ensured by utilizing the actual data such as the business statistics, the survey data of the business, and the store business DB, which are managed by the local government or the state. The alley commercial areas were classified into five groups according to density. It is thought that users can distinguish the commercial areas from dense commercial areas to the commercial areas in order to utilize various commercial areas.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.669-677
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• 2018

Torrential rain and drought are repeated due to the increase in the unpredictable fluctuating of rainfall patterns. It is time for stabilize water resource management in terms of disaster prevention. Distributed control from sources is needed to minimize damages caused by torrential rains and droughts. Rain barrel can be used to reduce the runoff as they collect and store rainwater. In response to this situation, Seoul Metropolitan Government and other local governments implemented a project to support the installation of rain barrel and provided 90% of the cost of installing it in private areas. However, with limited budget, it is difficult to distribute rainwater to the city which is mostly covered by private areas. In this study, Samho-dong, Ulsan, where pilot projects of water cycle leading city are underway, analyzed the effects of reducing the runoff with respect to the amount of rainwater that can be used, and analyzed the economics of recoverable investment cost when installed. From the analysis, it was established that it is possible to show sufficient efficiency with a small capacity without the need to install large rain barrel effectively in the private sector, and to support the installation cost of less than 70 percent of the rainwater can be recovered.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

In this paper, optimized media data retrieval and transmission based on the Hybrid CDN/P2P architecture and selective storage through user's prediction of requestability enable seamless data transfer to users and reduction of unnecessary traffic. We also propose a new media management method to minimize the possibility of transmission delay and packet loss so that media can be utilized in real time. To this end, we construct each media into logical segments, continuously compute weights for each segment, and determine whether to store segment data based on the calculated weights. We also designate scattered computing nodes on the network as local groups by distance and ensure that storage space is efficiently shared and utilized within those groups. Experiments conducted to verify the efficiency of the proposed technique have shown that the proposed method yields a relatively good performance evaluation compared to the existing methods, which can enable both initial latency reduction and seamless transmission.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.176-183
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• 2021

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) metastasis is characterized by distant metastasis and local recurrence. Combined chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil is routinely used to treat patients with OSCC, and the combined use of gefitinib with cytotoxic drugs has been reported to enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells in vitro. However, the development of drug resistance because of prolonged chemotherapy is inevitable, leading to a poor prognosis. Therefore, understanding alterations in signaling pathways and gene expression is crucial for overcoming the development of drug resistance. However, the altered characterization of Ca²⁺ signaling in drug-resistant OSCC cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated alterations in intracellular Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_i) mobilization upon the development of gefitinib resistance in human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line (HSC)-3 and HSC-4 using ratiometric analysis. This study demonstrated the presence of altered epidermal growth factor- and purinergic agonist-mediated [Ca²⁺]_i mobilization in gefitinib-resistant OSCC cells. Moreover, Ca²⁺ content in the endoplasmic reticulum, store-operated calcium entry, and lysosomal Ca²⁺ release through the transient receptor potential mucolipin 1, were confirmed to be significantly reduced upon the development of apoptosis resistance. Consistent with [Ca²⁺]_i mobilization, we identified modified expression levels of Ca²⁺ signaling-related genes in gefitinib-resistant cells. Taken together, we propose that the regulation of [Ca²⁺]_i mobilization and related gene expression can be a new strategy to overcome drug resistance in patients with cancer.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.277-283
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted to increase understanding of agriculture through agricultural experience programs for adolescents living in self-reliance residence hall, and to investigate changes in work performance ability through changes in hand function. Methods: There were 11 subjects, and the average age was 18.2 years, all males without disabilities. The agricultural experience program consists of a total of 10 sessions including orientation and watching videos on future agriculture, creating vegetable gardens, planting, managing each crop, harvesting, visiting the processing room, and selling at a local food store. Results: The change in agricultural literacy by the agricultural experience program positively improved from a score of 113.73 to 127.91 (p = .008). The changes by sub-item are as follows. The value and safety of agri-foods (p = .020) and agriculture and natural environment (p = .007) were significantly improved. The function and value of rural areas (p = .050), production of agricultural products (p = .160), processing and distribution of agricultural products (p = .248), and agricultural policies (p = .058) were not significantly changed. The simple function of the hands was measured by the number of pegs inserted during 30 seconds, and the assembly function was measured by the number of pegs inserted during 60 seconds. In the case of simple function, the dominant hand was improved from 14.82 to 15.83 (p = .014), andthe non-dominant hand was also significantly improved from 13.79 to 15.01 (p = .002). There was no significant improvement in the simple function (p = .153) and assembly function (p = .770) of both hands. Conclusion: It is considered that the agricultural experience program will enable youths living in self-reliance residence halls to enhance their understanding of agriculture as an occupation, and enable them to play a role as wise consumers by positively affecting improvements in their agricultural literacy and simple hand functions.