• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.81-89
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• 2011

The results of tracking the symbolism of plants in the introduction factors of Sokhwa(folk painting) are as the following. 1. The term Sokhwa(俗畵) is not only a type of painting with a strong local customs, but also carries a symbolic meaning and was discovered in "Donggukisanggukjip" of Lee, Gyu-Bo(1268~1241) in the Goryo era as well as the various usage in the "Sok Dongmunseon" in the early Chosun era, "Sasukjaejip" of Gang, Hee-mang(1424~1483), "Ilseongrok(1786)" in the late Chosun era, "Jajeo(自著)" of Yoo, Han-joon(1732~1811), and "Ojuyeonmunjangjeonsango(五洲衍文長箋散稿)" of Lee, Gyu-gyung(1788~?). Especially, according to the Jebyungjoksokhwa allegation〈題屛簇俗畵辯證說〉in the Seohwa of the Insa Edition of Ojuyeonmunjangjeonsango, there is a record that the "people called them Sokhwa." 2. Contemporarily, the Korean Sokhwa underwent the prehistoric age that primitively reflected the natural perspective on agricultural culture, the period of Three States that expressed the philosophy of the eternal spirits and reflected the view on the universe in colored pictures, the Goryo Era that religiously expressed the abstract shapes and supernatural patterns in spacein symbolism, and the Chosun Era that established the traditional Korean identity of natural perspective, aesthetic values and symbolism in a complex integration in the popular culture over time. 3. The materials that were analyzed in 1,009 pieces of Korean Sokhwa showed 35 species of plants, 37 species of animals, 6 types of natural objects and other 5 types with a total of 83 types. 4. The shape aesthetics according to the aesthetic analysis of the plants in Sokhwa reflect the primitive world view of Yin/yang and the Five Elements in the peony paintings and dynamic refinement and biological harmonies in the maehwado; the composition aesthetics show complex multi-perspective composition with a strong noteworthiness in the bookshelf paintings, a strong contrast of colors with reverse perspective drawing in the battlefield paintings, and the symmetric beauty of simple orderly patterns in nature and artificial objects with straight and oblique lines are shown in the leisurely reading paintings. In terms of color aesthetics, the five colors of directions - east, west, south, north and the center - or the five basic colors - red, blue, yellow, white and black - are often utilized in ritual or religious manners or symbolically substitute the relative relationships with natural laws. 5. The introduction methods in the Korean Sokhwa exceed the simple imitation of the natural shapes and have been sublimated to the symbolism that is related to nature based on the colloquial artistic characteristics with the suspicion of the essence in the universe. Therefore, the symbolism of the plants and animals in the Korean Sokhwas is a symbolic recognition system, not a scientific recognition system with a free and unique expression with a complex interaction among religious, philosophical, ecological and ideological aspects, as a identity of the group culture of Koreans where the past and the future coexist in the present. This is why the Koran Sokhwa or the folk paintings can be called a cultural identity and can also be interpreted as a natural and folk meaningful scenic factor that has naturally integrated into our cultural lifestyle. However, the Sokhwa(folk paintings) that had been closely related to our lifestyle drastically lost its meaning and emotions through the transitions over time. As the living lifestyle predominantly became the apartment culture and in the historical situations where the confusion of the identity has deepened, the aesthetic and the symbolic values of the Sokhwa folk paintings have the appropriateness to be transmitted as the symbolic assets that protect our spiritual affluence and establish our identity.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.572-589
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• 2010

With the advent of lifelong learning society, most of the cities in Korea have been promoting the construction of lifelong learning city. At this point, the purpose of this study is to configure regional learning programs and apply them to the actual world. Important results of this study can be outlined as follows; First, the regional learning programs in the lifelong learning society are desirable to be configurated with the situated learning method focused on the characteristics of learners, instructors and the local contexts. In addition, the active training of regional human resources such as organizing learning circles and SERVICE-LEARNING through the participation of them is effective as a teaching method. Secondly, the consequence through the field excursion calling itself 'the geography exploration group', organized by the researcher and involved with participants together provoked the paradigm shift on their region and the regional identity. Thirdly, the active participation of local experts including geography teachers should be needed for the popularization of geography education. Hence, if we continue to develop the local learning programs tailored to regional traits and apply them to the actual world, geography education will play an important role to build the stable foundation in the lifelong learning society.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.301-308
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• 2009

This paper studied the scheme to realize the manifesto as the method of resolving the side effects after the introduction of the superintendent's election system, a direct election by local residents, in order to implement participative democracy in the educational field. When the superintendent's election system playing an important role in protecting the identity of a state is intruded by the political logic, ideology or factional interest, it leads to the educational crisis such as the damaged independence of the policy and the like. The local educational autonomous system is the institutional arrangement to secure the independence and neutrality of education based on morality and guarantee the democratization and decentralization of educational administration. The scheme to resolve the corrupt aspect of the election of the superintendent is to lead election to the policy-based election. This paper presents the scheme to realize the manifesto movement of the superintendent's electoral campaign to resolve this side effect. All political agents and candidates should be allowed to make free access to diverse information to draw up the manifesto and raise the reliability of the manifesto itself, be guaranteed neutrality, speciality, objectiveness, fairness and the like. In particular, it can be seen that the core task is whether citizens can be involved in the manifesto movement through a shift in their thinking about educational autonomy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2015

A theme park is a complex space, in which held is a performance & exhibition event created to make visitors feel fun and a deep impression through a certain theme. Recently, local governments are increasingly planning for theme parks with the aim of local economy revitalization. Accordingly, this paper set up a development model for a Korean culture theme park after deducting success factors for creating a successful theme park through the case of Korean culture theme park. To be concrete, this paper deducted the success factors through literature research and case research as follows: Setting of themes having identity and consistency; programs that can give fun and a deep impression; convenient support facilities reflecting customers' needs; differentiated marketing for progress in customer attraction power; location linked with cultural resources around a theme park and a space for communicating a message; privately-initiated project promotion and the main body of operation; target setting consequent on market segmentation, and demand forecast, etc. A theme park cannot be successfully operated to contribute to local economy revitalization until such success factors should be closely linked and harmonized with each other. In addition, in order for a theme park to make a continued growth, it's required that problems occurring at the operational stage should be endlessly improved, and contents strengthening should be continuously done in line with circumstances of the times and viewers' eye level.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.157-168
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• 2014

In buildings on the street, indiscriminate redevelopment are being made by overlooking the relationship with surrounding landscape to create their own unique meaning, due to industrialization progressed rapidly with human needs of longing for something constantly. Selection and methods of two plans, conservation and utilization should be required, considering heritage values on industrial buildings which are being lost and aged in this redevelopment higher. The attempt for the use of modern industrial heritage becomes a hot topic, and several experimental challenges are being made. However, there are rather many cases of causing industrial buildings' depreciation and one-size-fits-all reproduction performance as it applies other examples as standards by recognizing the reproduction of modern industrial heritage as one trend, not focusing on the trend of the times or paradigm, what the times want. To minimize these problems, we focus on how to utilize industrial buildings beyond the importance of industrial buildings' reproduction, considering the quality of local residents' life as well as the expected effect obtainable due to security of local identity and reproduction of buildings, focusing on the concept of community design that offers and forms a way of community life as the design of shares based on unspecified individuals' common life. Community design's core can be called to have diversity rather than undifferentiated unity by pursuing whole unification, since local residents become those who plan design and all people participate in it. In addition, community design achieves integration with other fields as an enlarged design area without limiting in an environmental area, by making indigenously natural characteristics combined with cultural factors in one context so that people may understand the flow of the place. The importance of effects acquired from modern industrial heritage's reproduction has well-known, and the attempt for utilizing aged heritage as a new value and a function has constantly been made. Now, it's time to focus on how long it lasts through this method, rather than modern industrial heritage's reproduction itself. There can be a significance in this study in proposing methodological solutions on modern industrial heritage's reproduction, not to cause depreciation of industrial buildings by recognizing contemporary trends and uniform regeneration performance, multifaceted research is needed for creative, effective development on modern industrial heritage which will occur constantly.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.365-376
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• 2019

Now, our urban space is composed of all kinds of sculptures that lost its individual charm in trend flows and street furniture standardized by the integrated design of standardized franchises and similar architectures per each region and autonomous districts. This study was to introduce the concept called the 'community furniture' in the urban environment that there is no an identity of the regional culture and a sense of place because of the mostly similar street environment. The purpose of this study is to propose the concept called the 'community furniture' referred to as public facilities that imply specific identities of some regions that have became the community art expanded into necessary facilities of urban composition as bus shelter's universal convenience and functionality have been preferentially handled and its regional identities are reflected. For doing this, this study fulfilled application alternatives of community furniture design's basic principles after examining the storytelling process of local cultural heritages and analyzing domestic and foreign cases of bus shelters. Results of this study are as follows. First, convergent synergy effects in information and culture and art sectors could be expected as bus shelters visually deliver storytelling factors that imply locally related images. Second, space and place's characteristics and sustainable design concepts embody local characteristics. They can suggest directions for vitalizing urban environment designs by being in harmony with surrounding environments. Third, it is expected that realizing distinctive places is possible as bus shelters with local communities' aesthetic consciousness and regionality are composed of new street spaces.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.57-77
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• 2021

The identity of public libraries in Japan is a social education institution under the 「Social Education Act」 and the 「Library Act」. For these identities, the local government's board of education has operated and managed public libraries, and some have managed by the Management Outsourcing System to public organizations. Then, in 2003, the 「Local Autonomy Act」 was revised to introduce the Designated Manager System in form of administrative disposition, and expanded the scope of application to private institutions and organizations. As of the end of 2018, 18.0% of public libraries introduced the DMS, but the pros and cons surrounding it are sharply opposed. This study outlined the overall status of the DMS and the introduction of public libraries, and critically reviewed major issues. As a result, As a result, there was much controversy over the expected cost reduction, service improvement, employee professionalism, business continuity, and cooperation network establishment when DMS was introduced. The reasons were due to downsizing-based personnel management, contract-oriented employment, short periods of designation, lack of multiple competitive markets, and declining service capabilities of irregular workers. The public library is a knowledge and cultural infrastructure that enhances human values and social dignity based on faithful collection and active service, and is a local public goods that emphasizes non-exclusion and non-competitiveness. Given the increasing number of cases in which public libraries are recently contracting out to cultural foundations in Korea, DMS is not a fire across the river. We need to be wary of the possibility that Japan's unbearable institutional lightness will be applied to public libraries in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.5-25
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• 2022

In most countries, public libraries are knowledge information centers, complex cultural spaces, lifelong learning facilities, and third places for local residents. The social homage spoken on the premise of this identity and socio-cultural role is the knowledge and information agora, cultural infrastructure, living room in the city, and the university of the people. However, if there is a significant gap between public libraries regardless of country or region, it will inevitably lead to information gaps, regional gaps, and cultural inequality and cultural welfare gaps among local residents. This study is regarded as the essence of regional cultural facilities and premised that the regional gap in public libraries is a factor of regional cultural gaps. Based on this premise, the gap between the location quotient, input indicators, and output indicators of public libraries of regional governments in Korea and basic local governments in the Gyeongbuk region was analyzed. And this study derived core elements through correlation and regression analysis of input and output indicators of all public libraries nationwide, developed a management model for each indicator, and suggested a plan to resolve the relative gap for public libraries by city and county in Gyeongbuk.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.43-65
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• 2023

The purpose of all public libraries is to provide knowledge and information services for the intellectual and reading activities of local residents, program services that provide opportunities for cultural enjoyment and lifelong learning, and third-party spaces and facilities that contribute to the development of the community. To this end, social needs must be reflected in a timely manner with the establishment of a sound infrastructure as a prerequisite. This study analyzed the current status centered on key indicators of the public libraries in Daegu City and presented policy issues that need to be improved through a survey. The key indicators in Daegu City, compared to the national average, were not only significantly weak for the 3rd largest city but also showed considerable variation among local governments. While Daegu citizens valued public libraries in their daily lives, the dissatisfaction rate was high in the order of transportation inconvenience, lack of necessary materials and desired programs, and various regulations. Therefore, Daegu City should focus on increasing the acquisition budget, strengthening the development of new book collections, expanding the number of librarians, expanding the construction of public libraries to address service disparities among local governments, improving accessibility, and addressing factors that hinder usage. In addition, with the establishment and operation of the Daegu Library in 2024, efforts should be made to establish an operational system for public libraries, expand the scope through collaborative partnerships with other knowledge and cultural institutions, and enhance knowledge and cultural services for the Daegu citizen.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.69
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• pp.95-128
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• 2021

As interest in private records began to develop in the research of archivists, discussions began about the value of private records and how to collect and manage private records from the standpoint of archivists. After that, the conceptual discussion on community archives, from the point of view of the community, collecting and preserving their own records, and the democratization of records and the sovereignty of records are discussed. As a result of this trend, maeul making projects were started in each region, and citizen archivists appeared who do archives activities. and research on the role and system of public institutions to support them and community archives. Recently, as research on regional record activities has begun, the current status of education and activities in each region is being announced. in addition archives education programs are being actively conducted nationwide to train citizen archivists. The purpose of this thesis is to find out their identity of their, in order to cultivate sustainable citizen archivists and to suggest the direction the citizen archivists training program should pursue. First, we consider that the educational goal of citizen archivists training program is to train citizen archivists who practice the knowledge learned through education, and examine the identity of 'citizen archivist', the goal of training education. In this study, local archivists are regarded as local members who engage in archiving activities based on their locality, and they are judged to be the main actors and core beings in building community archives. Also the activities of citizen archivists are viewed as active and subjective beings that realize 'Archival autonomy' by implementing 'Archival autonomy'. In addition, it analyzes the cases of researchable citizen archivist training programs in Korea that were conducted to foster local archivists and examines the current situation. Finally, the direction of citizen archivists training program for cultivating citizen archivists is presented. In this paper, I think that the citizen archivists training program should be designed as a curriculum to parctice the education goal, not as public program.