• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.922-928
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• 2016

Bearing in mind that global climate change is a rising issue, the coastal community of Prek Thnaot, Cambodia has been put on severe effects about natural disasters caused from poor infrastructure and agriculture dependence. This paper proposes to provide and guide a strategic action for the sustainable development path of coastal community in a more continuous manner including a robust resilience to impacts of climate change, natural disasters, and other risks. In doing so, this paper will help environmentally sound management and coastal resources sustainability being sound for socially and economically inclusive development. Proposed fourteen strategic actions for the research should be accompanying with the participation of and cooperation from the local coastal community. Based on the proposed strategic actions, it is critical that the local authorities and other key stakeholders need to accomplish. Providing a good insight for the central government, the strategic action is expected to integrate and prepare a management strategy plan for the local coastal community level. Therefore, this information can be applied to other coastal areas to promote and ensure sustainable protection and management of coastal resources.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2019

A ground source heat pump (GSHP) system can stable system operation by using underground heat source and has high reliability for energy production. However, wide-spread of the GSHP system is delayed to high initial investment costs. In previous studies, horizontal and unit-type ground heat exchanger (GHX) have developed to overcome disadvantages such as high initial cost. However, these performances of GHXs are greatly influenced by climate and weather conditions. It is necessary to analyze the performance of GHX according to the ground temperature change in the installation site. In this study, the ground temperature of each installation site confirmed and performance of unit-type GHX quantitatively analyzed by numerical analysis. As the result, the performance of the unit type GHX was 33.9 W/m in Seoul, 34.2 W/m in Daejeon, and 37.2 W/m in Busan.The result showed the difference performance of GHX according to local climate was maximum of 9.7%.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.12-25
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• 2011

It is needed to preserve good effects and to prevent bad influences on local climate in urban and environmental planning. This study seeks to develop climate analysis maps to provide realistic information considering local air temperature and wind flows. Quantitative analyses are conducted by CAS for the production, transportation, and stagnation of cold air, wind flow and thermal conditions by incorporating GIS analysis on land cover and elevation and meteorological analysis from MetPhoMod - a mesoscale weather model. The CAS helps The easier analysis and assessment of urban development on local climate. It will contribute to the better life of the people in cities by providing better understanding of the local climate to the urban space planners.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.131-142
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• 2017

This study aims to create a Local Climate Zone(LCZ) map of Seoul by using World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools(WUDAPT) protocol, and to analyze the characteristics of the Seoul LCZs. For this purpose, training samples of 17 LCZ types were collected by using Landsat images and Google Earth. LCZ Classification and Filtering were performed by SAGA GIS. An ArcGIS was used to analyze the characteristics of each LCZ type. The characteristics of the LCZ types were analyzed by focusing on building surface fraction ratio, impervious surface fraction ratio, pervious surface fraction ratio, building stories and air temperature. The results show that one filtering was found to be most appropriate. While Yangcheongu and Yeongdeungpogu with the higher annual and maximum mean air temperature than other areas have the higher rate of LCZ 3(compact low-rise) and LCZ 4(open high-rise), Jongnogu, Eunpyeonggu, Nowongu and Gwanakgu with the lower value have the higher rate of LCZ A(Dence trees). The values of building surface fraction ratio, impervious surface fraction ratio and building stories of each LCZ were included in the range of WUDAPT for most LCZs. However, the values of pervious surface fraction ratio were out of the range, in particular, in the LCZs 4~6 and 9~10. This study shows the usability and applicability of the WUDAPT methodology and its climate zone classification used in many countries as a basic data for the landscape planning and policy to improve the thermal environment in urban areas.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 2012

KMA(Korea Meteorological Administration) projected that annual mean temperatures of South Korea will rise $3.8^{\circ}C$ and the annual total precipitation will increase by 17 percent by 2100. Rainfall is concentrated during the summer in South Korea. Thus the risk of landslide by heavy rain is expected to increase. After the landslide of Mt. Umyeon occurred in July 2011, disaster of forest sector is highlighted. Therefore vulnerability assessment of landslide is urgent. However, vulnerability assessment based on local governments was not done yet. In this study, we assess vulnerability of landslide by heavy rain for local governments. We used several scenarios to consider uncertainty of climate change. Through this study, local governments can use the results to establish adaptation plans. Also, the results could be used to decrease vulnerability of landslide.

• Atmosphere
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.413-424
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• 2013

Urban Heat Island (UHI) intensity is one of vital parameters in studying urban boundary layer meteorology as well as urban planning. Because the UHI intensity is defined as air temperature difference between urban and rural sites, an objective sites selection criterion is necessary for proper quantification of the spatial variations of the UHI intensity. This study quantified the UHI intensity and its spatial pattern, and then analyzed their connections with urban structure and metabolism in Seoul metropolitan area where many kinds of land use and land cover types coexist. In this study, screen-level temperature data in non-precipitation day conditions observed from 29 automatic weather stations (AWS) in Seoul were analyzed to delineate the characteristics of UHI. For quality control of the data, gap test, limit test, and step test based on guideline of World Meteorological Organization were conducted. After classifying all stations by their own local climatological properties, UHI intensity and diurnal temperature range (DTR) are calculated, and then their seasonal patterns are discussed. Maximum UHI intensity was $4.3^{\circ}C$ in autumn and minimum was $3.6^{\circ}C$ in spring. Maximum DTR appeared in autumn as $3.8^{\circ}C$, but minimum was $2.3^{\circ}C$ in summer. UHI intensity and DTR showed large variations with different local climate zones. Despite limited information on accuracy and exposure errors of the automatic weather stations, the observed data from AWS network represented theoretical UHI intensities with difference local climate zone in Seoul.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 2013

This article addresses potential errors in accounting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives' (ICLEI's) International Local Government Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis Protocol (IEAP). The IEAP seems to provide practical guidelines for local governments so that they can measure their GHG emissions. The outcomes are immediately convertible for any national GHG inventory analysis when one is constructed based on the methodology drafted by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Further, it provides a societal foundation at the global level in order for local governments to collectively deal with 'double-counting' and 'allocation' problems. However, ICLEI's IEAP overlooks two major issues: (1) the protocol does not consider carbon dioxide emissions due to burning biological fuel as a type of GHG emission; and (2) it overlooks the possibility of indirect double-counting when producing emission factors at the local level. Thus, the limitations must be fixed so that the local governments can measure their GHG emissions more precisely, while the accurate GHG inventory will ultimately support reducing the local governments' emissions to mitigate anthropogenic climate change.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.296-306
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• 2016

There is a growing interest in establishing a regional climate change adaptation policy as the climate change impact in the region and local scale increases. This study focused on the analysis of 32 regions on its characteristics of local climate change adaptation plans. First, statistic program R was used for conducting cluster analysis based on the frequency and budgets of adaptation plan. Further, we analyzed damage frequency from newspapers regarding climate change impacts in eight categories which were caused by extreme weather events on 2,565 cases for 24 years. Lastly, the characteristics of climate change adaptation plan was compared with damage frequency patterns for evaluating the adequacy of climate change adaptation plan on each cluster. Four different clusters were created by cluster analysis. Most clusters clearly have their own characteristics on certain sectors. There was a high frequency of damage in 'disaster' and 'health' sectors. Climate change adaptation plan and budget also invested a lot on those sectors. However, when comparing the relative rate among regional governments, there was a difference between types of damage and climate change adaptation plan. We assumed that the difference could come from that each region established their adaptation plans based on not only the frequency of damage, but vulnerability assessment, and expert opinions as well. The result of study could contribute to policy making of climate change adaptation plan.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.165-178
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• 2014

National and local governmental adaptation plan for climate change will become mandatory in 2015. In order to establish the plan, assessment of vulnerability to climate change needs to be preceded. LCCGIS, a toolkit for vulnerability assessment, has been widely used by many local governments. However, assessment results by LCCGIS are not yet reliable because most of the vulnerability indices applied to LCCGIS　have the same value for almost all administrative units in Korea. In this study, proxy variables for hard-collectable indices were introduced, and the results were compared with those without any proxy variables. Vulnerability assessment could be conducted subjectively due to uncertainty. Thus, determination of objective indices, understanding the available data, and changes of indices in local conditions were organized. Results from this study are expected to make vulnerability assessment reliable and contribute to assessing vulnerability to climate change reflecting on local governmental characteristics.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.143-156
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• 2018

Evapotranspiration is a key element in designing and operating agricultural hydraulic structures. The profound effect of climate change to local agro-hydrological systems makes it inevitable to study the potential variability in evapotranspiration rate in order to develop policies on future agricultural water management as well as to evaluate changes in agricultural environment. The APEX-Paddy model was used to simulate local evapotranspiration responses to climate change scenarios. Nine Global Climate Models(GCMs) downscaled using a non-parametric quantile mapping method and a Multi?Model Ensemble method(MME) were used for an uncertainty analysis in the climate scenarios. Results indicate that APEX-Paddy and the downscaled 9 GCMs reproduce evapotranspiration accurately for historical period(1976~2005). For future periods, simulated evapotranspiration rate under the RCP 4.5 scenario showed increasing trends by -1.31%, 2.21% and 4.32% for 2025s(2011~2040), 2055s(2041~2070) and 2085s(2071~2100), respectively, compared with historical(441.6 mm). Similar trends were found under the RCP 8.5 scenario with the rates of increase by 0.00%, 4.67%, and 7.41% for the near?term, mid?term, and long?term periods. Monthly evapotranspiration was predicted to be the highest in August, July was the month having a strong upward trend while. September and October were the months showing downward trends in evapotranspiration are mainly resulted from the shortening of the growth period of paddy rice due to temperature increase and stomatal closer as ambient $CO_2$ concentration increases in the future.