• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2010

In order to incorporate correctly the large or local scale circulation in an atmospheric model, a nudging term is introduced into the equation of motion. The MM5 model was used to assess the meteorological values differences in each case, during ozone episode days in Gwangyang bay. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of horizontal and vertical flow fields according to the surface and vertical observation data assimilation by upper wind conditions. Therefore, we carried out several numerical experiments with various parameterization methods for nudging coefficient considering the upper wind conditions (synoptic or asynoptic condition). Nudging considering the synoptic and asynoptic nudging coefficient does have a clear advantage over dynamic initialization, therefore appropriate limitation of these nudging coefficient values on its upper wind conditions is necessary before making an assessment. Obviously, under the weak synoptic wind, there was apparent advantage associated with nudging coefficient by the regional difference. The accuracy for the prediction of the meteorological values has been improved by applying the appropriate PBL (Planetary Boundary Layer) limitation of circulation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.175-183
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• 1988

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia [CDH] is a surgical emergency in the newborn infant because it causes severe cardiorespiratory distress. Congenital diaphragmatic eventration [CDE] may also produce severe cardiorespiratory distress in the newborn infant. CDH is an anatomically simple defect that can be easily repaired by reduction of the displaced viscera from the pleural cavity and closure of the diaphragmatic defect. But these infants mortality has not been reduced and still remains very high. The barrier to survival is pulmonary parenchymal and vascular hypoplasia as well as the complex syndrome of persistent fetal circulation. Between May, 1985 and Oct, 1987, 4 neonates with CDH and 1 neonate with CDE were seen in respiratory distress within 12 hrs of birth at St. Francisco general hospital. Each had severe acidosis and hypoxia. And was transferred from a local clinic. They were surgically repaired within 24 hrs of birth. Three neonates lived and two died. Two of the three neonates with CDH operated in the first 6 hrs died. The remaining two [one with CDH, the other with CDE] operated between 6hrs and 24 hrs lived. One case of mortality was combined with bilateral pulmonary hypoplasia and contralateral pneumothorax. The other one case of mortality was combined with complex syndrome of persistent fetal circulation after honeymoon period.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.339-349
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• 2020

This study aims to identify participating resident awareness of the improvements to forest carbon cycle villages created by the Korea Forest Service by introducing a system for district heating basedon forest biomass in mountainous areas. Hwacheon Forest Carbon Circulation village was established in Paroho-neureup village in Yuchon-ri, Hwacheon-gun between 2011 and 2013. However, its operation has not been smooth due to the increasing number of households rapidly leaving the district heating system. This study surveyed 76 households that participated in the district heating system using forest biomass in the early stages of the project. This includes households participating in the district heating system(participating households) and households not currently participating in the district heating system(withdrawal households) from September 2019. Surveys focused on the process of participating in forest carbon cycle village projects, and satisfaction in local heating and policy requirements. Of the 67 households, excepting those not allowed to participate in the survey due to death or having moved elsewhere, 36 households participated and 31 households the were in the process of leaving the village were also included. As a result, there was a significant difference between participating and exiting households in the motivation and satisfaction level of district heating. The results of this study are expects to reflect the importance of awareness of residents in the operation of the forest carbon cycle village. This will be utilized as an important dataset for improvement as a means to promote the re-entry if outgoing households. It will also help set the direction of the forest town revitalization project, utilizing forest biomass in the future.

• 대기
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.241-253
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• 2007

This paper investigates summer precipitation change in East Asia according to switching surface boundary condition over South Korea and Shantung. Simulations are carried out by ECHO-G/S for 20 years (1980-1999). Surface condition over both areas in ECHO-G/S is represented by ocean (OCN experiment). In OCN experiment, the summer precipitation is considerably underestimated around the Korean peninsula (the dry region) and overestimated over the eastern Tibetan Plateau (the wet region). It may be related that the lack of the heat sources from the unrealistically prescribed land-sea mask weakens northward expansion of rainband and the development of convective precipitation. Moreover the simulated rainband retreats before June in connection with the early genesis of summer monsoon circulation. The systematic bias of the summer precipitation over the dry and wet regions are reduced comparing with the OCN experiment when the land-sea masks over South Korea and Shantung are realistically considered as land (LND experiment). These improvements can be explained by the thermodynamical dissimilarity between land and ocean. Enhanced warming by switching the areas from sea to land has led to develop the thermal low over Yellow Sea with the cyclonic circulation. Thus, this cyclonic circulation supports moistures from the south to the dry region and blocks to the wet region. The heat transport from the land surface to atmosphere plays a key role in the developing convective precipitation in local scale and maintaining the precipitation and the rainband. Therefore, this results indicate that the design of the realistic land-sea distribution is required for the accurate simulation of the regional precipitation.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.595-606
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• 2004

Hydrographic survey in the Korea Strait has long history that has begun in August 1917 at the Busan - Tsushima cross section, still continues to date. However, chemical properties of bottom cold water found exclusively in the western channel of the Korea Strait during summer did not receive much scientific attention. The aim of the study is to decipher the enigmatic origin of the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water (KSBCW) in terms of chemical properties. The physicochemical properties of the KSBCW are extracted from the CREAHS II hydrographic data. OMP method was applied to analyze origin of the KSBCW quantitatively. The KSBCW is well defined by low temperature below $10^{\circ}C$. The cold waters exhibited the local presence near the coast at about 120m depth with a thickness of 20m to 30m. The cold water was characterized by relatively cold, saline and higher chemical concentrations than adjacent waters. The KSBCW seems to have different origin kom that of the coastal upwelled waters at the Ulgi-Gampo because it is saline, denser and contains considerably less dissolved oxygen than upwelled waters. The physicochemical properties are reported to have noticeable annual variations which suggest the complex origin of the KSBCW. OMP analysis show that the KSBCW is a mixture of three water types; TMW (24%), ESIW (36%) and ESPW (40%). Relationship between the KSBCW and the east Sea circulation is traced by mapping the water masses that have similar T, S and DO of KSBCW. The result showed that the KSBCW is most possibly an extension of southward flowing coastal intermediate waters. Front these results, we expect that the monitoring KSBCW will provide us valuable information about the East Sea circulation.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.321-331
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• 2005

과학기술부고시 2003-12호 "원자로시설부지 수문 및 해양특성 조사평가 기준" 이 신규 제정되어, 원전 액체 방사성 유출물에 대한 삼차원적인 해양확산 평가 필요성이 커지고 있다. 한국수력원자력(주)와 전력연구원은 신고리, 신월성, 신울진 원 전등 다수의 신규원전 건설이 계획 또는 추진되고 있는 동해안을 대상으로 광역 및 부지별 입지특성을 반영한 해양확산 평가기술을 개발하고 있다. 동해안의 해수유동은 동해 해수순환에 의해 영향을 받기 때문에 원전 주변의 방사성 물질의 해양확산을 보다 정확히 평가하기 위해서는 동해 해수순환에 대한 이해가 선행되어야한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 일본 큐슈대학교 응용역학연구소에서 개발한 RIAMOM 모델을 근간으로 동해 해수순환 모델링을 수행하였다. 모델 영역은 $126.5^{\circ}E{\~}142.5^{\circ}E$ $33^{\circ}N{\~}52^{\circ}N$, 수직층은 20개로 나누었다. 이 모델은 JODC, KNFRDI, 그리고 ECMWF로 부터 구하였다. 모델링 결과, 동해 해수순환을 비교적 잘 모의하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 모델링 결과를 정량적으로 평가하기 위해 인공위성 추적 부이를 이용하여 확산 검증 실험을 실시할 예정이다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.74-90
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• 2010

본 연구는 GIS 기반 자원순환정보구축 방법을 제시하고, 현재 울산 산업단지에서 진행되고 있는 산업공생네트워크 및 해외사례의 물질별 연계업종쌍을 파악하여 추가적인 산업공생관계 파악을 목적으로 하였다. 자원순환정보는 울산의 국가산업단지, 일반산업단지 및 공업지역에 입지하고 있는 제조업체에 대한 속성정보를 투입정보, 이동정보, 산출정보 등으로 구분하여 DB를 작성하였으며, 이를 제조업체의 공간정보와 결합하여 GIS 기반 자원순환정보를 구축하였다. 본 연구에서 활용된 자료는 총 3,768개이다. 분석결과, 물질, 스팀, 폐수를 이용한 추가적 산업공생파악이 가능한 것으로 분석 되었다. 특히 울산산업특성에 적합한 물질별 연계업종이 명확히 제시될 경우 산업공생파악이 효과적으로 이루어 질 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구의 자원순환정보 구축방법은 타 지역의 자원순환정보 구축시 하나의 모형으로 제시가 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.5673-5682
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 최근 고층아파트 단지 내에서 주요 계획요소로 자주 채택되고 있는 저층부 필로티 공간의 이용실태를 관찰조사하고 공간구문론 축선도 분석(axial analysis)을 통한 동선관련 지표값들(연결도, 통제도, 전체통합도, 국부통합도)과 비교하여 단지내 필로티 공간의 배치와 공간 이용 빈도와의 상관관계를 밝혀 향후 아파트 단지내 필로티 공간 배치 계획 시 기초자료로 삼고자 한다. 본 연구의 결론은 첫째, 필로티 공간은 '단순 이동' 공간으로만 주로 이용되고 있어 주민커뮤니티 의식을 향상시킬 수 있는 공간으로 활용되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 둘째, 주동별 필로티 공간의 이용 빈도 격차는 '돌출형 출입+필로티 부가형' 단지가 '필로티 출입형' 단지 보다 더 심하게 나타나고 있고, 환경파괴(vandalism) 현상도 더 관찰되고 있다. 셋째, 필로티 공간의 이용도는 공간구문론의 동선관련 지표값인 연결도, 통제도, 전체통합도, 국부통합도와 관련이 있으며, 최소 2가지 이상의 지표값이 높은 필로티 공간은 이용빈도가 높은 경향이 있고, 최소 2가지 이상의 지표값이 낮은 필로티 공간은 이용빈도가 낮은 경향이 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.75-87
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• 1992

Cultivation of competent manpower is recognized as one of the important factors in the development of fisheries as well as of other industries. For reference to the development of education of fisheries high schools in the Republic of Korea, the author carried out a study on the education in Japan. The reason is why the education on fisheries had been initiated in Japan and her educational system has played the role of a model for neighboring countries. Even though the education on fisheries tends to shrink a little in recent years by diffusing the unwilling tendency to engage in 3D (dirty, difficult and dangerous) jobs, there are fifty-one high schools educating fisheries in Japan. Thirty-eight of them are specialized fisheries high schools and the others are comprehensive high schools to put common course and fisheries course together. In the first step of study, the goal of education on fisheries, organization of department and arrangement of curriculum are analysed. 1. In the newly arranged curriculum which will come into effect from 1994, the goal of education on fisheries is set up as "By educating fundamental knowledge and technology on the production and circulation in the field of fisheries, have students understand the significance and role of fisheries, and so cultivate ability and active attitude to the development of fisheries". The goal means that the circulation of fishery products are regarded as important as the production itself, and active attitude to the development of fisheries is also stressed, different from the present goal. 2. Standard departments directed by the Government are set up as five-Departments of Marine Fishing, of Fisheries Engineering, of Information Communication, of Fish Culture, of Sea Foods. But they are actually organized and named by the founders of schools-local government. Then there are many unique-named departments and the management of schools are somewhat flexible according to the situation of local district. 3. Special subjects are revised to twenty-four in the new curriculum from twenty-two in the present curriculum. Among them the contents are widely revised in the subjects such as Introduction to Fisheries, Fisheries Engineering, Communication Engineering, Communication Technology, Fish Culture. On the other hand, five subjects such as Information Treatment on Fisheries, Information Technology on Fisheries, Subjective Study, Fisheries Economics, Circulation of Sea Foods are newly set up to meet the changing phase of the time.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.475-487
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• 2020

국토교통부와 환경부의 물관리 일원화로 인해 국민들의 물관리 및 물환경 보존에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 기존의 단순 유출 및 비점오염원 관리를 위한 장치형 시설 및 함양지의 확대에서 유역 전반의 건전한 물순환 체계 구축으로의 물관리 패러다임이 변화하고 있다. 이에 힘입어 유역 전반의 물관리에 대한 필요성은 지자체별 조례를 통해 기준을 확립하고 있다. 하지만 건전한 물순환을 위한 도시별 물관리 기준이 통일되지 않아 도시별 목표가 각기 다르고 대도시를 제외하고는 정량적 목표가 전무한 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 지자체별 물순환과 관련한 연구 및 조례를 정리하여 수변 지역의 도시를 대상으로 개발 이후에도 탄력적인 물관리가 가능한 물순환 목표를 설정하고, 이를 달성할 수 있는 정량적인 방안을 강우의 저장과 침투를 통해 제시하였다. 대상지의 전체 강우 분석을 통해 합리적인 수준의 물순환 목표를 설정하였고, 저영향개발 기법을 통해 최초 강우의 저장과 저장량을 초과한 강우에 대한 유역 전반의 침투를 통해 물관리를 계획하였다. 연구결과, 계획한 수변도시의 물순환 목표는 전체 강우의 52 %, 백분위수 비교를 통한 80 percentile의 강우 17 mm/day를 처리할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 산정절차결과에 정량적으로 질을 높이기 위해서 추후에 저영향개발 요소의 안전성이나 적정제원선정 등과 같은 여러 변수들을 고려한다면 물순환 목표 산정에 신뢰도가 더 높을 것으로 사료된다.