• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was carried out to understand the prevalence and risk factors of green tobacco sickness (GTS) among Korean tobacco harvesters. Methods : The authors conducted a questionnaire among the tobacco harvesters (1,064 persons from 555 out of 723 tobacco harvesting households) in Cheongsong-gun for 4 days from May 7 to 10, 2002. Results : The study subjects were 550 males and 514 females. The recognition and experience of GTS up until 2001 were 96.4% and 61.9%, respectively. The prevalence of GTS in 2001 was 42.5%, and was significantly higher in females than in males (59.0% vs. 26.6%, p<0.01). The incidence density of GTS according to the number of workdays in 2001 was 12.3 spells/100 person..days. The GTS symptoms reported by the tobacco harvesters in 2001 were dizziness in 441 cases (97.6%), nausea in 414 (91.6%), headache in 349 (77.2%) and vomiting in 343 (75.9%). The use of gloves, hat and wristlets, sweating at work and the number of working hours significantly increased the prevalence of GTS (p<0.05). Multiple logistic re- gression analysis was used to determine the factors significantly associated with GTS. Odds ratios for smoking, working over 10 hours and sweating at work were 0.26 (95% CI:0.19-0.35), 1.64 (95% CI:1.26-2.14) and 1.60 (95% CI:1.14-2.25), respectively. Of those who reported GTS in 2001, 311 cases (68.8%) underwent treatment from their local medical facilities. Conclusions : In Korea, there are many tobacco-harvesting households, and most may be stricken with GTS. More extensive epidemiological studies, including the incidence and associated risk factors, are expected and a surveillance system including measurements of cotinine in urine should be conducted.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4065-4072
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• 2012

본 연구는 정맥 천자 전 국소 마취제인 엠라크림을 도포하여 침습적 시술 시 발생하는 통증과 불안에 미치는 영향을 확인하여 엠라크림의 임상적 적용을 확대하기 위한 기초 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 실험군 40명과 대조군 37명을 대상으로 2011년 10월27일부터 11월13일까지 구조화된 설문지를 통하여 일반적 특성, 기질불안, 상태불안, 주관적 통증, 객관적 통증에 관하여 자료 수집을 하였으며, SPSS 15.0 프로그램을 이용하여 ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Correlation analysis로 분석하였다. 연구 결과 엠라크림 도포가 통증과 불안 감소에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 엠라크림 도포 후 통증과 불안과의 관계에 대해 살펴본 결과 안면 표정, 음성변화, 객관적 통증은 불안과 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 임상에서는 환자들에게 침습적 처치로 인한 통증과 불안을 감소시켜줌으로서 의료의 질을 향상시키고 엠라크림의 임상적 적용 확대를 고려해 보아야 할 것이다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.418-429
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• 2020

Background: This study aims to analyze the cost and the length of stay (LOS) of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with coronary artery stenting according to the characteristics of individuals and institutions. Methods: The data was collected from Korean National Health Insurance Service's customized database in 2010 and 2015. Chi-square test, t-test, analysis of variance, and multilevel analysis were performed. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients for cost were 7.02% in 2010, 5.61% in 2015 and for LOS were 3.17%, 1.40%, respectively. The average costs were 9,067,000 won in 2010 and 9,889,000 won in 2015 (p<0.0001). However, the cost in 2015 was lower than the cost applying increased fee. The costs increased in aged 50-59 years, 60-69 years, and aged ≥70 years versus in aged under 49 years. The cost was higher in Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) 3 to 4 and ≥5 than in CCI 0. The costs were lower in male, medical aid recipients, metropolises, and local hospitals in other regions in 2010. LOS decreased from 8.1 days in 2010 to 7.4 days in 2015. It decreased in male, high income group, and the group of admission via emergency room. However, it increased in higher ages and medical aid recipients, and it also increased when CCI rose. The Internal Herfindahl Index was related to LOS in 2010. Conclusion: The variation of hospital level was small compared to the patient level. Therefore, it is important to implement applicable policies at the patient level in order to reduce cost and LOS of AMI patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.5817-5822
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• 2015

The developing countries have higher mortality rates for breast cancer. A reason for this is presentation at advanced stages due to low levels of public awareness. Activities are arranged by health authorities of developing countries to increase the knowledge of women but their effectiveness has not been evaluated in detail. A multiple choice questionnaire with questions about socio-demographic profile and questions about breast cancer knowledge was designed in local language Urdu, to evaluate the knowledge of the participants before and after an audio visual educational activity in Lahore, Pakistan. Scores of 0-2, 3-5 and 6-8 were ranked as poor, fair and good, respectively. Among 146 participants these scores were achieved by 1%, 55% and 45% before activity and 0%, 16% and 84% after the activity. Overall 66% of participants increased their knowledge score. Younger age, higher education, reliance on television as source of information and being a housewife were associated with better impact of the awareness activity. For the six knowledge related questions 3%, 5%, 11%, 23%, 33% and 44% more participants gave correct answers after the activity. However 6% and 7% fewer participants answered correctly for 2 questions related to the cause and the best prevention for breast cancer. The study indicated that awareness activities are effective to increase the knowledge of women and better impact is associated with higher education and younger age of women. The component analysis showed that the questions and related presentations using medical terms have a negative impact and should not therefore be used. Analysis of activity therefore leads to identification of deficiencies which can be remedied in future.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권11호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2019

본 연구는 간호대학생을 대상으로 취업선호도, 중소병원에 대한 인지도를 파악하여 지역 중소병원 선택의 예측요인을 파악하기 위하여 시도되었다. 광주광역시와 전라남도 소재 4개 대학교에 재학 중인 간호대학생을 대상으로 2018년 9월부터 2018년 10월까지 자료를 수집하였으며, 부적절한 응답지를 제외한 476명의 설문지를 SPSS/WIN 24.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 간호대학생이 지역 중소병원을 선택한 경우는 66.0%였고, 중소병원 선택의 예측요인은 고등학교 졸업지역, 학업성취도, 중소병원에 대한 인지도였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 간호대학생이 지역 중소병원으로의 취업률을 높이기 위해서는 간호교육자들은 중소병원취업을 희망하는 학생들에게는 역량을 고려한 맞춤형 진로지도 및 상담을 해야겠으며, 병원 관계자들은 중소병원에 대한 인지도를 높이기 위한 다양한 홍보활동 및 마케팅 전략을 수립해야겠다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.413-425
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to provide basic data to lay the groundwork for the introduction of an advanced dental hygienist system by sampling dental hygienists' views about the system. Methods: A nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted targeting 857 dental hygienists working at dental hospitals and clinics, local health institutions, and educational institutions. The collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (Duncan as post-analysis), and crossover analysis. Results: The average interest level in the advanced dental hygienist system was 3.83±0.95 points. The necessity by field was confirmed to be the highest during dental hygiene for the elderly and persons with disabilities. The working experience necessary for becoming a specialized dental hygienist is 5.56±2.99 (years). The education period necessary for becoming a specialized dental hygienist is 77.30±77.61 (hours). The work authority level for an advanced dental hygienist was indicated to be 50 respondents (5.8%), who said they required direct guidance from a dentist, 313 respondents (48.2%) who said they needed indirect guidance from a dentist, 200 respondents (23.3%) who said OK when given an advanced dental hygienist's separate judgment, 194 respondents (22.6%), who said that the authority must be varied depending on the work. Conclusions: The interest and need of the advanced dental hygienist system were proven to be high and are expected to be applied to basic data for the introduction and settlement of the system.

• 보건의료생명과학 논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2020

본 연구는 강원도 영북지역에 주소를 둔 환자의 입원/외래 진료의 이용빈도를 분석하여 영북지역의 의료수요 및 의료이용 현황 파악을 하고자 국민건강보험공단 공공데이터포털(www.data.go.kr) 2003년 부터 2017년까지 건강보험 및 의료급여(입원/외래) 진료비 청구자료를 분석하였다. 다빈도 순위는 '진료건 및 %'에 따라 최빈도의 상병순으로 1-60순위까지의 순위를 선정하였다. 또한, 영북권 유일의 속초의료원 환자의 이용 추이를 병행 분석하였다. 분석결과 강원도 영북지역은 과거 급성기 질환에서 점차 만성인 비감염성 질환의 형태로 상병에 따른 외래 진료 이용과 입원환자의 이용이 증가하고 있다. 특히 조현병과 산과진료의 기능을 확충하고 지역사회의 건강관리에 필요한 구체적인 보건사업을 수행할 필요가 있으며 이를 통해 강원도 영북지역 주민의 삶의 질적 향상을 높여야 한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2024

Background: This study focuses on assessing occupational risk for the health hazards encountered during maintenance works (MW) in semiconductor fabrication (FAB) facilities. Objectives: The objectives of this study include: 1) identifying the primary health hazards during MW in semiconductor FAB facilities; 2) reviewing the methods used in evaluating the likelihood and severity of health hazards through occupational health risk assessment (OHRA); and 3) suggesting variables for the categorization of likelihood of exposures to health hazards and the severity of health effects associated with MW in FAB facilities. Methods: A literature review was undertaken on OHRA methodology and health hazards resulting from MW in FAB facilities. Based on this review, approaches for categorizing the exposure to health hazards and the severity of health effects related to MW were recommended. Results: Maintenance workers in FAB facilities face exposure to hazards such as debris, machinery entanglement, and airborne particles laden with various chemical components. The level of engineering and administrative control measures is suggested to assess the likelihood of simultaneous chemical and dust exposure. Qualitative key factors for mixed exposure estimation during MW include the presence of safe operational protocols, the use of air-jet machines, the presence and effectiveness of local exhaust ventilation system, chamber post-purge and cooling, and proper respirator use. Using the risk (R) and hazard (H) codes of the Globally Harmonized System alongside carcinogenic, mutagenic, or reprotoxic classifications aid in categorizing health effect severity for OHRA. Conclusion: Further research is needed to apply our proposed variables in OHRA for MW in FAB facilities and subsequently validate the findings.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2022

Background: Abandoned metal mines are classified as vulnerable areas with the highest level of soil contamination among risk regions. People living near abandoned metal mines are at increased risk of exposure to toxic metals. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between soil contamination levels in areas around abandoned metal mine and the blood lead levels of local residents. Moreover, we assess the possibility of using soil contamination levels as a predictive indicator for human exposure level. Methods: Data from the Survey of Residents around Abandoned Metal Mines (2013~2017, n=4,421) and Investigation of Soil Pollution in Abandoned Metal Mines (2000~2011) were used. A random coefficient model was conducted for estimation of the lower level (micro data) of the local resident unit and the upper level (macro data) of the abandoned metal mine unit. Through a fitted model, the variation of blood lead levels among abandoned metal mines was confirmed and the effect of the operationally defined soil contamination level was estimated. Results: Among the total variation in blood lead levels, the variation between abandoned mines was 18.6%, and the variation determined by the upper-level factors such as soil contamination and water contamination was 8.1%, which was statistically significant respectively. There was also a statistically significant difference in the least square mean of blood lead concentration according to the level of soil contamination (p=0.047, low: 2.32 ㎍/dL, middle: 2.38 ㎍/dL, high: 2.59 ㎍/dL). Conclusions: The blood lead concentration of residents living near abandoned metal mines was significantly correlated with the level of soil contamination. Therefore, in biomonitoring for vulnerable areas, operationally defined soil contamination can be used as a predictor for human exposure level to hazardous substances and discrimination of high-risk abandoned metal mines.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2008

Objectives: The objective of this study was held for prevention of coronary artery disease and improvement of health of local community residents by classifying the obesity types of their waist circumference and BMI, and appraising the coronary artery disease risk factors(CRF). Methods: We analyzed the data on the 1,914 adult cases (1,156 male and 758 female) during Nov, 2006 to Mar. 2007 on a general hospital in Daegu city, Korea. The obesity types in this research were classified into normal group, seeming obesity group, abdominal obesity group and obesity group. Also, CRF was classified by normal, mild, moderate, and severe, and each class was given the index from 0 to 3. The coronary artery disease risk factors index(CRFI) was defined as the sum of index, and we defined that if the sum is higher, higher chance of coronary artery disease risk exist. Results: According to the research, by the age group, normal group has higher percentage in age 30 to 40, and obesity group and abdominal obesity group has higher percentage in age 50 to 60. CRFI is increased by order of normal group, seeming obesity group, abdominal obesity group, and obesity group on both male and female groups, and male shows higher index than female on all four groups. CRFI will be influenced by order of obesity group, seeming obesity group, and abdominal obesity group on male, and obesity group, abdominal obesity group, and seeming obesity group on female according to the result of multiple regression between obesity type and CRFI. Conclusion: According to the result from our research, we have to have keen attention to not only seeming obesity group and obesity group, but also abdominal obesity group which has normal waist circumference influence to CRFI. So, those kinds of indexes have to be controled by controling their weight. Also, we believe that health behaviour can improve and CRF can be prevented by the early health care and early health education to those with no abnormal indication on clinical indicator but with abnormal BMI and waist circumference.