• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.986-998
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• 2003

In this paper, an adaptive numerical integration scheme, which does not need non-overlapping and contiguous integration meshes, is proposed for the MLPG (Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin) method. In the proposed algorithm, the integration points are located between the neighboring nodes to properly consider the irregular nodal distribution, and the nodal points are also included as integration points. For numerical integration without well-defined meshes, the Shepard shape function is adopted to approximate the integrand in the local symmetric weak form, by the values of the integrand at the integration points. This procedure makes it possible to integrate the local symmetric weak form without any integration meshes (non-overlapping and contiguous integration domains). The convergence tests are performed, to investigate the present scheme and several numerical examples are analyzed by using the proposed scheme.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.435-447
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• 2004

In additive nonparametric regression, Linton and Nielsen (1995) showed that the marginal integration when applied to the local linear smoother produces a rate-optimal estimator of each univariate component function for the case where the dimension of the predictor is two. In this paper we give new formulas for the bias and variance of the marginal integration regression estimators which are valid for boundary areas as well as fixed interior points, and show the local linear marginal integration estimator is in fact rate-optimal when the dimension of the predictor is less than or equal to four. We extend the results to the case of the local polynomial smoother, too.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 1995

분산된 지역 데이타베이스의 스키마 통합시 중심 개념은 엔티티 통합을 의미하며 이때 엔티티의 시멘틱은 여러 요소에 영향을 받는다. 따라서 분산된 데이타베이스 환경에서의 스키마 통합은 통합되어야 하는 각 지역의 스키마의 엔티티 타입간의 도메 인 관계의 정의로부터 시작된다할 수 있다. 이렇게 설계자에 의해 정의되는 각 엔티티 간의 도메인 관계는 스키마 통합 시스템의 신뢰도의 확보와 검증을 위한 작업이 반드 시 수행되어야 한다. 그러나 이러한 작업이 기존의 통합 시스템에서는 제시되지 못하였다. 본 논문은 분산 시스템 환경에서 지역 데이타베이스의 스키마 통합을 위한 객체 중심의 통합을 정의하고, 통합의 타당성 검증을 위한 모델을 제안하고 검증 시 스템을 구현한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.507-526
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• 2001

In standard finite element algorithms, the local stability conditions are not accounted for in the formulation of the tangent stiffness matrix. As a result, the loss of the local stability is not adequately related to the onset of the global instability. The phenomenon typically arises with material-type localizations, such as shear bands and plastic hinges. This paper addresses the problem in the context of the planar, finite-strain, rate-independent, materially non-linear beam theory, although the proposed technology is in principle not limited to beam structures. A weak formulation of Reissner's finite-strain beam theory is first presented, where the pseudocurvature of the deformed axis is the only unknown function. We further derive the local stability conditions for the large deformation case, and suggest various possible combinations of the interpolation and numerical integration schemes that trigger the simultaneous loss of the local and global instabilities of a statically determined beam. For practical applications, we advice on a procedure that uses a special numerical integration rule, where interpolation nodes and integration points are equal in number, but not in locations, except for the point of the local instability, where the interpolation node and the integration point coalesce. Provided that the point of instability is an end-point of the beam-a condition often met in engineering practice-the procedure simplifies substantially; one of such algorithms uses the combination of the Lagrangian interpolation and Lobatto's integration. The present paper uses the Galerkin finite element discretization, but a conceptually similar technology could be extended to other discretization methods.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristics of layout of Jinhae's educational facilities from the perspective of space syntactic changes since the era of Japanese Imperialism. The observations that we made in this research are summarized as the following three points. First, most of the educational facilities are located near the integrated space. Axes of roads near educational facilities display similar spatial patterns as those of entire Jinhae. Second, the level of local integration has been rising near the site of elementary schools for the past decades, and the level of local integration near middle and high schools recently began to rise around the new town. Third, the level of integration is strongly related with the levels of local integration, and the locations of educational facilities are also related with the level of local integration. It implies that the locations of educational facilities are determined not by Jinhae's overall street composition but by nearby road composition.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2015

본 연구는 2010~2014년 사이에 중앙정부가 추진한 시 군구 통합정책을 다차원분석모형에 기초하여 분석하고 있다. 2010년 이후 중앙정부는 환경변화로 생활권과 행정구역이 일치하지 않게 되었거나, 인구고령화 등으로 인구가 급격히 감소한 지방자치단체를 대상으로 통합을 추진하여 효율성을 증진시키려 하였다. 그러나 중앙정부의 의도와는 달리, 지역주민의 공감대 부족, 정치적 반대 등 복잡한 요인의 영향으로 최종적으로 중앙정부가 선정한 16개 지역 36개 시 군 구 중에서 시 군 구 통합에 성공한 지역은 단 1개(청주 청원)에 그쳤다. 본 연구는 다차원분석모형에 따라 이명박정부가 추진한 시 군 구 통합정책을 규범적, 구조적, 구성적, 기술적 측면에서 분석 평가한 결과, 다음과 같은 이유로 정책이 성공적으로 추진되지 못하였다는 결론을 도출하였다. 규범적 측면에서 통합 대상 지역 주민들 사이에 통합의 가치에 대한 공감대를 형성하지 못했고, 구조적 측면에서 기존에 형성되어 있는 지역의 문화 정치적 정서 차이를 극복하지 못한 상태에서 정책이 중앙정부 주도로 추진되었다. 구성적 측면에서 통합 대상 지역의 이익을 대표하는 구성원들의 이해관계를 통합과정에 충실히 조정하지 못하였으며, 기술적 측면에서도 통합의 유인제도 설계에 지역주민의 수요가 적절히 반영되지 못하였다. 이러한 결과는 향후에 이루어질 시 군 구 통합정책이 규범적, 구조적, 구성적, 기술적 측면에서 통합 대상 지역주민의 의견을 충실히 반영하는 방향으로 설계되고, 충분한 시간을 두고 자율적인 참여를 통해 이루어질 수 있도록 유도하는 방향으로 추진되어야 한다는 정책적 함의를 주고 있다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.275-287
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• 2022

In order to overcome the small scale of Korea waterworks and to achieve comprehensive improvement and innovation transformation, the waterworks integration was reviewed. The effect of consolidation was confirmed by the integration of the water supply business in the southern Gangwon region and the western Gyeongnam region in Korea, such as an increase in the flow rate and a decrease in the production unit cost. After facing management and service limitations overseas, more than 1,000 small-scale waterworks projects in the UK were integrated into 27 waterworks providers, and Japan also revised the Waterworks Act in December 2019 and is in the process of integrating waterworks. It is considered appropriate to promote the integration of waterworks projects in Korea by respecting the autonomy of local governments, but using a participatory method, a win-win method, and a linkage method. For the integration of waterworks projects, three strategies are proposed: First creating a national foundation for integration (revision of the Waterworks Act), Second establishing a waterworks integration strategy led by local governments, Third forming an external consensus and providing incentives for participation.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1531-1540
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• 2016

This research was intended to provide a method to improve competitiveness, based on the integration of basic municipalities by assessing changes in their population and local industry Municipalities were integrated based on the addressing system 市(Shi), 町(Chome), 村(Village) of Japan. As a result, an actual increase of the population could not be seen in the new municipalities formed by the integration of the basic municipalities. It is also found that the shipping volumes, number of companies, and the number of people employed by local industry, attracted by such municipalities, has steadily decreased. However, even though the proportion of industry-sharing in the local municipalities is not significant, it was found that the number of tourists has increased. Therefore, it is concluded that the strengthening of the connectivity between local industry and the tourism industry can be one of the principal methods to strengthen the competitiveness of these municipalities. In addition, it has been found that scientific research from a variety of perspectives and verification of data related to the effectiveness of integration of local municipalities is necessary.

• 감성과학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.11-28
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• 2013

This article aims to explore the interactive roles of types of primed identity (local versus global identity) and types of ad framing on brand evaluations. The authors designed 2 experiments in which each experiment followed a $2{\times}2$ between-subject design. The empirical results showed that a gain-framed ad induced more positive emotional responses than a loss-framed ad, and the positive affective responses lead to more favorable brand evaluation. Furthermore, the results showed that there were interactive effects of primed identity and types of advertisement frame on brand evaluation. In the additional analysis, the results showed that when people with local identity were exposed to the gain-framed ad, they would engage in a higher level of integration processing than those in the control group, which in turn induced more favorable evaluation to the local brand. That is, the integration processing mode played a mediating role between the interaction (local id priming ${\times}$ ad frame) and the local brand evaluation. However, in the case of global brand evaluation, the integration processing mode did not play such a mediating role.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to contribute to escalation of a management quality of local public enterprise through integrating local public enterprise evaluation(LPEE) and Malcolm Baldrige Model(MBM). In order to achieve the purpose, I suggested that develop an integration model of LPEE and MBM criteria and use AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) as a technique posting weight value to criteria. Of two suggests, it is the former to date or discuss seriously. Therefore the integration model is redesigned for leadership/strategy category(leadership, strategy), management system category(customer management system, business management system, measurement/knowledge management system), and management result category(business result, customer satisfaction result, human resource management result, financial management result).