• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.347-358
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• 2000

The objectives of this study were to identify the roles of local government for developing community lifelong education, and to suggest desirable directions for upbringing human resource for the future in local community. The roles of local governments have become a more difficult challenge in the context of the ever increasing trends of rural population's moving toward urban areas mainly for the better education for their children. Even though there are regional differences in income level, educational environment, and budgetary constraints. local governments can play an important role in helping community people to build strong community in terms of economic development and enhancing the level of quality of life, and upbringing community leaders. Local governments' priority should be given to provide the better educational opportunities for students as well as community people through community lifelong educational programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.40-53
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• 2016

Participatory budgeting has been introduced and proliferated with differentiated types by Local Finance Act which had been revised in 2011. This study aims to classify the types of Participatory Budgeting by participatory institutions and participatory levels and suggest the implications. We have reviewed the participatory budgeting operation ordinances, operating plans and operating systems of 243 local governments. And the participatory budgeting can be divided into five types. First, submission of opinion type found in 100 local governments is characterized by operating without participatory institutions. Second, commission type found in 85 local governments is characterized by having only participatory budgeting committee. Third, regional meeting type found in 21 local governments is characterized by having participatory budgeting committee and regional meeting or only regional committee. Fourth, public-private partnership type found in 30 local governments is characterized by having citizen-government meeting. Fifth, delegated power type found in 7 local governments is characterized by having policy fair or mobile voting, or both. Analysis showed that institutionalization levels of participatory budgeting is not high because many local governments(76.5%) are belong to submission of opinion type or commission type in South Korea. For developing participatory budgeting, participatory institutions, such as citizen-government meetings, policy fair or mobile voting, should be adopted and proliferated in more and more local governments.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.203-239
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• 2018

Responsible government can be achieved when social cleavages are institutionalized via political competition and social interests are represented by responsible parties. This paper aims to investigate the factors that determine welfare expenditures in Korean local governments by analyzing partisanship and political competition factors simultaneously in the same model. This paper also argues that the relationship between the political factors and welfare expenditures in local governments is not linearly increasing as the previous studies claim. This paper examines the welfare expenditures in Korean municipality-level local governments in 2007, 2011, and 2015. The primary findings are: 1) the partisanship of the head of local government and the party distribution of local assembly members have meaningful effect on the welfare expenditures and the divided governments do not show significantly different effect on welfare expenditures from unified governments, which is contrary to the extant studies, 2) the partisan effects of the head and the local assembly vary according to the levels of municipalities (Gu, Gun, and city), mainly due to the difference in types of revenues and expenditures and 3) the relationship between seats shares of progressive parties in local assembly and the welfare expenditure is not linearly increasing one. The effect of seats shares of progressive parties dramatically begins to increase when the seats shares are in 40%-60%. With these findings, this paper highlights the conservative nature of head of local governments with Hannara party (or Saenuri Party), the conservative leaning of independent candidates, and the conservative orientation of local assemblies in the regions dominated by Democratic Party (and its equivalents).

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.137-150
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• 2003

This study aims to survey whether local governments have legislated laws and regulations on environment impact assessment system, to compare and analyze specific projects and their scale, assessment items, and procedures & discussion process, to identify issues and generate improvement plans, and to suggest a direction for future legislation to local governments that plan to legislate laws and regulations in the future. Major outcome of the study are as follows. First, terminologies used for environment impact assessment by local governments need to be unified. Also, laws and regulations need to be legislated soon. Second, in "urban development project" areas, a total of nine project areas including "quarrying of soil and stone, sand, gravel, and minerals" was essential common projects. A total of six project types were added or newly established compared to national systems. Among them, four project types were added within national-level project areas and two project types were not available under the national-level project areas and newly added due to the nature of local governments. Third, in terms of project scale, scale enhancement of "urban development project" was most common. Analysis showed that in case of clean natural environment such as Cheju Island, it is necessary to consider reinforcing project areas where development activities take place directly in forests or rivers such as "industrial base and complex development", "water resource development", and "development of tourism complex." Fourth, the discussion and review procedures of assessment reports were similar to those at government level. However, in case of Seoul city, it is required to write a "preparation plan" before drafting an assessment report. The city features partial introduction of scoping and screening, which allows to exempt discussion procedures if impact on environment is found to be minimal after drafting the assessment report. In case of national-level, it has a dual system that is split between Ministry of Construction and Transportation and Ministry of Environment. However, in case of environment impact assessment of local governments, it is a single system where city mayors and provincial governors are in charge of both project execution and environmental assessment. Therefore, the most important task is how to satisfy objectiveness and accountability.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.3
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• pp.3-32
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• 2001

In this paper, local public archives is referred to the public archives of provincial governments and metropolitan city governments as defined in the public Records Management Act. Under the Act, as professional archives, the local public archives preserves records designated as permanent preservation which the local government and its sub-agencies created or received to conduct public business. The Act also allows local public archives to establish an appropriate basic plan to manage its holdings as well as to oversight its sub-agencies. The Act stipulates that the local public archives are to be established in all provinces and metropolitan cities. The local public archives shall preserve archival heritage safely and utilize use of the recorded information as defined in the Article one of the Act. The local archives shall respect the principle of provenance. It is expected that the local archives shall strengthen local archival promotion campaigns which necessarily reflect unique local circumstances. However, as the Act just recommended the establishment of local public archives not to force as a mandatory procedure, it resulted in a flow of some confusions and misinterpretations. Despite the act was proclaimed two years ago, the local public archives are not yet established, not to mention that no preparatory works are on the way. To establish the local public archives effectively which meet local residents needs and demands, provincial governments and metropolitan city governments should proceed a well-prepared preparatory works plan considering the steps to transform them into the local public archives when they establish agency records centers. The first step in this process is to reach at a common consensus on the functions and roles of the local public archives which accommodates local residents needs and demands. Secondly, by analyzing the functions of archives to be established, an estimation of needed human resources, facilities, equipments, organization, budget appropriation, and local rules should be performed. Otherwise, the establishment of decent local archives is a far remote future. One of the methods to proceed this project systematically is to establish a local research institute for the local archives and cultural studies which would be put under the local university authority while consulting with local governments, local civil organizations, local historical and cultural societies. It is very undesirable to stress too much upon administrative efficiency when concerned parties discuss the functions and roles of the local public archives. They must keep in mind that when the functions to collect and use historically valuable records are active then administrative efficiency can be raised as well as accountability. Collecting and arranging historically valuable records is a short-cut way to promote accountability and develop local political culture. The local public archives is a valuable community historical center and an effective medium to facilitate historical speaking and writing among local people, something more than a simple public archives. Then our campaign for the establishment of local public archives can be a meaningful political cultural movement.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.20-25
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• 2017

Although the $6^{th}$ industry of agriculture, the subject of this research, is a policy that is implemented nationwide, the result or its performance can vary depending on judgment and basic plan of the local government concerned. To overcome this, support of the central government and provincial governments is important, but each rural family, rural area or management unit also has to grasp the reality fast and overcome it through voluntary participation. In addition, local governments of the nation should operate this project efficiently by implementing required support and policies in each field. Local governments should also promote revitalization of local economy by providing help to rural families and management units that implement the $6^{th}$ industry of agriculture through expert consulting, matching of funding paths, and deregulation.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-126
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• 1998

Since the election of governors and mayors by vote, many local governments in Korea establish long-range plans for their regional development. The major purposes of the plans are to set up development path for their communities and to devise economic development strategies. But most of the plans established thus formulated by the same method utilized in centralized political regime. This method is considered no longer appropriate to devise the long-range development plans for local government especially in the era of globalization and localization, where local governments behave independently, where local governments behave independently competition. We suggest an alternative way to establish such plans, based on the method employed in business sector. The plans, formulated in this way, are called strategy oriented long-range development plans. The underlying logic for the plans is non-linear one. The plans are issue oriented and focus more on process than outcome. Given that these features are properly incorporated in the plans, we expect that the strategy oriented long-range development plans can be genuine guidelines for local economic development in the years to come.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.349-369
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to suggest an improved model of the library administrative organization, based on analysis and investigation of present situations of libraries in 31 local governments of Gyeonggi province. With the result of this investigation, there are few local governments in Gyeonggi province with library-related organizations. Most of them had more organized position of extraordinary session than of affiliation with each local government. Also, library policy departments were incomplete, and local governments did not configure the library operating System(central library - base library - branch library) efficiently.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.260-267
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• 2015

The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism has been implementing the 'Local Government 3D Contents Production Support Project' since 2010 to foster the 3D contents industry and secure high-quality 3D contents of local governments. This is part of national support for securing 3D media contents of local governments. In particular, stereo-scopic 3D animation is in the spotlight as media contents appropriate for simultaneous implementation of pleasure of narrative and high-level of presence to promote tourism resources of local governments. But existing stereo-scopic 3D animation-related studies are mostly concentrated in three dimensional effect expression for particular scenes or theater. Therefore, this study extracted elements required for storytelling planning by analyzing production cases of stereo-scopic 3D animation using tourism resources of local governments which have been recognized for a high quality of work.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2019

In December 2017, the Moon Jae-in administration announced a major policy shift away from nuclear and coal, committing itself to the vision of creating a society where renewable sources account for 20% of its electricity generation by 2030. This energy transition involves not just a technical transition from conventional energy sources to renewable energy but also active participation of multiple stakeholders in the energy governance. While energy policy making has long been dominated by the central government in Korea with the aim of managing the supply for rapid industrialization and economic growth, the Moon administration aims to diffuse the central government's authority across various actors in society. Among those actors, this study focuses on the roles that local governments play in energy transition. Despite deepening local autonomy since 1995, Korean local governments have remained policy targets or recipients in the energy policy domain. This article discusses how such a traditional role has evolved under the new administration's energy transition policy and examines what challenges and limitations local governments face in creating a more decentralized energy governance system.