• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.161-169
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• 2016

This paper is intended to propose a novel approach to select an optimal site for a small-scaled artificial recharge system installation using TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) with geospatial data. TOPSIS is a MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision Making) method to choose the preferred one of derived alternatives by calculating the relative closeness to an ideal solution. For applying TOPSIS, in the first, the topographic shape representing optimal recovery efficiency is defined based on a hydraulic model experiment, and then an appropriate surface slope is determined for the security of a self-purification capability with DEM (Digital Elevation Model). In the second phase, the candidate areas are extracted from an alluvial map through a morphology operation, because local alluvium with a lengthy and narrow shape could be satisfied with a primary condition for the optimal site. Thirdly, a shape file over all candidate areas was generated and criteria and their values were assigned according to hydrogeologic attributes. Finally, TOPSIS algorithm was applied to a shape file to place the order preference of candidate sites.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.455-464
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• 2024

Seismic movements have varying effects on structures based on characteristics of local site. During an earthquake, weak soils are susceptible to damage due to amplified wave amplitudes. Soil-structure interaction issue has garnered increased attention in Türkiye, after devastating earthquakes in Kocaeli Gölcük (1999), Izmir (2020), Kahramanmaraş Pazarcık and Elbistan (2023). Consequently, liquefaction potential has been investigated in detail for different regions of Türkiye, mainly with available field test results. Çankırı, a city located close to North Anatolian Fault, is mainly built on alluvium, which is prone to liquefaction. However, no study on liquefaction hazard has been conducted thus far. In this study, groundwater level map, SPT map, and liquefaction risk map have been generated using Geographical Information System (GIS) for the Buğday Pazarı District of Çankırı province. Site investigations studies previously performed for 47 parcels (76 boreholes) were used within the scope of this study. The liquefaction assessment was conducted using Seed and Idriss's (1971) simplified method and the visualization of areas susceptible to liquefaction risk has been accomplished. The results of this study have been compared with the City Council's precautionary map which is currently in use. As a result of this study, it is recommended that minimum depth of boreholes in the region should be at least 30m and adequate number of laboratory tests particularly in liquefiable areas should be performed. Another important recommendation for the region is that detailed investigation should be performed by local authorities since findings of this study differ from currently used precautionary map.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.276-281
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• 1985

This study was conducted to examine the morphological, physical and chemical characteristics of the Song-jeong (residuum), Dae-gog (local colluvium-alluvium), Ji-san and Og-cheon (local-alluvium) series with fine loamy texture derived from fine granitic parent materials on the drainage catena. 1. These soils consist of a catena, and then a color sequence due to the influence of topography, water table and free iron content. 2. The poorer the drainage, the higher were the silt/clay ratio, soil reaction, organic matter, and available phosphate content in soils but the active iron content was lower.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 1984

To obtain the basic date for the improvement of cultural and managemental problems caused by soil characteristics and soil productivity in rice cultivation of Honam area, morphological characteristics of rice soils were investigated in Mangeng-Dongjin and Yeongsan Water-sheds, and compaired differences between two major Watersheds. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. According to U.S.D.A. Soil Taxonomy Classification System, eight great groups are distributed in rice soils of two major Watersheds. More than 50% of rice paddy soils are classified as Haplaquepts. 2. Two Watersheds are quite different in soil parent materials. In Mangeong-Dongjin Watershed, most soils (55.1%) are derived from fluvic-marine deposits. Remainders are derived from local alluvium (24.7%) and alluvium (14.2%). But in Yeongsan Watershed, the order is local alluvium>alluvium>fluvio-marine deposits. 3. Rice soils occur mostly in coastal and inland flat-site with the slope of less than 2% (57.8%) in Mangeong-Dongjin Watersheds. However, in Yeongsan Watershed, flat-site and low undulating terrace are mostly distributed (52.9%). 4. About 81.9, 61.4 and 53.3% of rice soils are classified as fine textured in Yeongsan, Dongjin, and Mangeong Watersheds, respectively. 5. More normal paddy soils and less sandy paddy soils are distributed in Yeongsan Watershed. The results indicate that more rice soils are classified as productivity classes of I and II in Yeongsan Watershed than in Mangeong-Dongjin Watersheds.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.32-39
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• 2010

In this study, we applied DRASTIC and SINTACS models for the assessment of groundwater vulnerability to Buyeo-eup area in Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. Currently, DRASTIC model is a main tool for the assessment of groundwater vulnerability, which has been widely applied for the multiple purposes related to local developments, construction projects, groundwater investigations, etc. since 1980s. Because DRASTIC model has been the sole tool used for the domestic environment, there has been doubt about the degree of reliability of the model, and a benchmark model has been sought by the many practitioners. The objective of this study is to check the applicability of SINTACS model to domestic environment, which is the first attempt in Korea as far as authors understand. The comparative results show that the DRASTIC assessment underestimates groundwater vulnerability of the aquifers composed of fractured bedrocks while that from the SINTACS model is relatively higher. Through this study, it is expected that SINTACS model serves as a reasonable alternative of DRASTIC model where the subsurface is composed of more than two different media such as fractured rocks and alluvium.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.3-20
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• 1987

With regard to the Quaternary formations in the Korean Peninsula, very few studies have been done specially from a stratigraphic viewpoint. The alluvial sediments filling in the valleys have often been considered as the only formation of Quaternary age (more precisely of the Holocone) and so the Pleistocene was regarded as an erosional or nondepositional episode. This is apparently evident from a quick look at the general geological maps of the Peninsula, which show a lithological sequence of Mesozoic or Paleozoic substrata immediately overlain by Holocene alluvium. Likewise, the Pleistocene period was described in terms of unconformity in most local or regional stratigraphical successions of the Peninsula. Recently several different types of Quaternary formation, besides the so-called Holocene alluvium in the valley plain have been found around the Peninsula. They consist of coastal deposits, marine or fluviatile terrace deposits, ancient valley fill deposits or slope deposits. Some parts of the volcanic sediments in Jeju Is. are also known as the Quaternary sequence. Thus the Quaternary deposits in the Peninsula are far more developed than previously known to gelolgists. Moreover the importance of Quaternary research became recently apparent in Korea due to the shortage of raw materials and to the policy of an optimum land-use. Advanced constructions and land reclamation have required more precise engineering parameters of loose materials and an estimation of land stability. This does not imply only the engineering, or the structural properties of the loose material, but at the same time the basic study of the sediments from the stratigraphical and environmental viewpoints has been necessary. In this connection, Quaternary outcrops specially along the coastal fringe of the Peninsula have been mapped, profiled and sampled for sedimentological, clay-mineralogical and palaeomagnetic studies. All these results are compiled for the core of the Quaternary stratigraphy of the Peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-16
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• 1974

This study was carried out to judge the use of hilly land and Development. Data collected from detailed soil survey were analyzed for the study. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Only a few crops were cultivated on the residual soils and old alluvium soils, and the yield of these crops was low. The farmars in the area are pool. 2. The cultivated land in the study area comprises 58.4%. Soil conservation practices in this area were very poor. The 37.2% forest land in the area contained only a few trees and was gradually deteriorating because lack of management 3. The twelve soil series were investigated. There were various soils such as reddish brown and dark brown loam derived from residium, yellowish red and brown clay derived from old alluvium, and dark brown and grayish brown loam derived from narrow local valley alluvium. 4. The soil reaction of the old alluvial soils (pH 4.7 to 4.8) was more acid than that of the residual soil (5.0 to 5.2). The organic matter content of the old alluvial soils (3.3 to 3.6%) however, was higher than that of the residual soils (2.6 to 2.8%). The cation exchange capacity was 8 to 16 me/100g soil and was closely related to the content of organic matter, clay and silt. 5. The hill land was classified into sixteen land suitability groups by the soil characteristics. 6. There were significant differencies between the present land use and the recommended land use after the soil survey 7. The forest land was mainly converted to grass, nut tree, orchards and mulberry lands.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

The crucibles of Baekje Kingdom from the Ssangbukri Site which were used for glass and metal melting had light brown, grayish blue and grayish brown colored bodies. In thin section, the crucibles contained numerous quartz grains and pottery fragments. The surface was covered with fine grained quartz for thermal resistance. Based on decomposition of mica group minerals and formation of mullite detected by X-ray diffraction analysis, it was inferred that all crucibles have been fired over $1,000^{\circ}C$. It was also found that firing temperature has exceeded $1,100^{\circ}C$ in some crucibles because feldspar was not detected. The maximum temperature was assumed at $1,200^{\circ}C$. The magnetic susceptibility values and geochemical characteristics sorted out the crucibles into two groups that differed from the characteristics of the local soils. This reflected geological setting of the site where the alluvium was formed from two kinds of surrounding rock masses, granite gneiss and biotite granite. However, the local soils had similarities with the crucibles in weathering degree and geochemical behavior of major elements. In consequence, it was considered that the raw clay of the crucibles was supplied from the local area of the site.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1983

The results of COLE(Coefficient of Linear Extensibility) measurement on various paddy soils in Korea are summarized as follows; 1. The COLE values of paddy soil in Korea varied from 0.024 to 0.094 in the surface soil while in the sub-surface soils those were ranging from 0.022 to 0.115. The poorer the relative drainage and the finer the texture caused, the greater the COLE values. 2. The matured clayey soils on fluvio-marine plains and local alluvium derived from the Tertiary materials have COLE values more than 0.09 which is demonstrated that the necessity of COLE measurement throughout profiles so that could be considered the characteristic in the characteristic of those soils. 3. The clay content has the highest positive correlation (r=0.81~0.76) values. The content of organic matter, water content at 1/3 bar, Atterberg limits, water stable aggregate etc. also have significant positive correlation with COLE values while the context of sand and silt show negative correlation. 4. Although the COLE values measured on horizontal linear bases were slightly greater than those measured on volume bases practicability was for granted. For more accurate measurement of COLE, it is reasonable to have the average values of COLE calculated from the horizontal and vertical bases.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.47-58
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• 2012

This study was carried out to develop assessment model for the optimal site prediction of Dendropanax morbifera, Evergreen broad-leaved trees in warm temperate zone according to climate change. It was created criterion for assessment model of the optimal site prediction by quantification method to possible analysis of quantitative and qualitative data, through study relationship between growth of tree and site environmental factors. A program of the optimal site prediction was developed using program version 3.2, an Avenue and Dialog Designer tool of ESRI as GIS(geographic information system) engine. Developed program applied to test accuracy of the optimal site prediction in study area of Wando, Jeollanam-do, having a various evergreen broad-leaved trees of warm temperate zone. In the results from analysis of the optimal site prediction on Dendropanax morbifera, the characteristics of optimal site were analyzed site environmental features with 401~500m of altitude, $15^{\circ}$ of slope, hillside of local topography, alluvium of deposit type, convex of slope type and south of aspect. The mapping area per grade of the optimal site prediction in the Dendropanax morbifera showed 1,487.2ha(25.4%) of class I, 1,020.3ha(17.4%) of class II, 2,231.8ha(38.2%) of class III and 1,110.5ha(19.0%) of class IV.