• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2011

Nowadays, modern gearboxes are characterized by high torque load demands, low running noise and compact design. Also durability of gearbox is specially a major issue for the industry. For the gearbox which used in wind turbine, gear transmission error(T.E.) is the excitation that leads the tonal noise known as gear whine, and radiated gear whine is also the dominant source of noise in the whole gearbox. In this paper, tooth modification for the high speed stage is used to compensate for the deformation of the teeth due to load and to ensure a proper meshing to achieve an optimized tooth contact pattern. The gearbox is firstly modeled in Romax software, and then the various combination analysis of the tooth modification is presented by using Windows LDP software, and the prediction of transmission error under the loaded torque for the helical gear pair is investigated, the transmission error, contact stress, root stress and load distribution are also calculated and compared before and after tooth modification under one torque condition. The simulation result shows that the transmission error and stress under the loads can be minimized by the appropriate tooth modification.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.243-251
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• 1998

A method of establishing the tooth modification for gear transmission of vehicles to reduce gear whine noise, caused by tooth impact phenomenon of mating gear, is introduced. The major causes of tooth impact are due to the deflections of gear teeth and shafts of transmission with the loaded condition including various kinds of manufacturing errors. The theoretical shape of tooth surface to avoid tooth impact is derived by the amount of elastic deformation of gear teeth and shaft and overall manufacturing error of machine tool. The surface function is converted with respect to the conventional commercial data usually communicated to the gear inspection system. The proposed method is applied to the gearbox of four wheel drive vehicle and shows the gear whine noise decreased to the 8 dB in the sound level.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.129-135
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• 1996

The area of gear vibration and noise, has recently been the focus of many studies. The proper kinematic and geometric design of gears, the mathematical modeling of gear system are essential for a good design. This work present a gear disign for reducing noise, and practical approaches used for machinery noise reduction slong with the summary of methods available for predicting gear noise in terms of the transmis- sion error, and show a comparative study with other methods. A new tooth profile modification is proposed for reducing vibration and noise of involute gears. The method is based on the use of cubic spline curves. The tooth profile is constrained to assume an involute shape during the loaded operation. Thus the new gear profile assures conjugate motion at all points along the line of action. The new profile is found to result in a more uniform static transmission error compared to not only standard involute profile but also modificated profile therby contributing to the improvement of vibration and noise characteristics of the gear.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.788-792
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• 2013

A shortcoming of using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for structural analysis via electron diffraction is the relatively large error of the measurements as compared to X-ray diffraction. To reduce these errors, various internal standard methods from earlier studies have been widely used. We developed a new device to facilitate the application of internal standard methods in preparation of TEM grids used for nanopowder analysis. Through the application of a partial mask on the TEM grid, both the internal standards and the research materials can be loaded on the same grid. Through this process, we conducted a TEM analysis that compared synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanopowder to bone apatite from a bovine femur. We determined that the accuracy of the d-spacing measurements of the HAp and bone powders could be improved to better than 1% after statistical treatments of the experimental data. By applying a quarter mask, we loaded four different nanoparticles on a single TEM grid, with one section designated for the internal standard.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2023

Face gear transmission is widely used in aerospace shunt-confluence transmission system. Tooth wear is one of the main factors affecting its bearing transmission performance. Furthermore, the installation errors of face gear are inevitable. In order to study the wear mechanism of face gear tooth surface with installation errors, based on tooth contact analysis numerical method and Archard wear theory, the UMESHMOTION subroutine in ABAQUS is developed.Combining with Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian adaptive mesh technology, the finite element mesh wear model of abraded face gear pair is established.The preprocessing conditions are set to generate the inp files.Then,the inp files for each corner are imported and batch processed in ABAQUS.The loading tooth contact problem at each rotation angle is solved and the load distribution coefficient among gear tooth, tooth root bending stress, tooth surface contact stress and loaded transmission error are obtained. Results show that the tooth root wear is the most serious and the wear at the pitch cone is close to 0.The wear law of tooth surface along tooth width direction is convex parabola and the wear law along tooth height direction is concave parabola.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 기어 전달오차의 EEMD 적용을 통한 기어 이빨의 박리결함과 균열결함의 분류법을 소개한다. 두 가지 결함을 적용한 기어의 유한요소모델을 바탕으로 전달오차를 획득하고 전달오차에서 나타나는 두 가지 결함의 특징과 정상상태의 전달오차와의 차이를 나타내는 RTE에서 나타나는 두 가지 결함의 특징을 확인했으며 유한요소해석 결과를 이용한 시뮬레이션 신호를 구성하여 신호처리를 통한 RTE 획득과정을 구성하였다. 시뮬레이션 신호로부터 얻은 RTE의 EEMD 적용을 통하여 박리과 균열의 신호가 각기 다른 IMF에서 비중이 크다는 것을 확인하였고, 이를 실험을 통해 검증하고자 하였다. 한 쌍의 기어와 서보모터, 파우더브레이크 그리고 기어의 회전량을 측정하기 위한 엔코더로 구성되어있는 테스트베드를 꾸려 전달오차를 획득하였다. 두 개의 기어를 이용하여 정상, 박리, 균열 세가지 상황에 대한 전달오차를 획득하여 시뮬레이션과 같은 과정을 거쳐 결함이 신호로 구분되는 것을 확인했다. 이를 정량화 하기위해 파고율을 각 IMF에 적용하였고 첫 번째 IMF와 세 번째 IMF의 파고율을 특징 신호로 선정하였다. 실험을 통해 확보된 데이터를 이용하여 Bayes decision 이론을 이용하여 분류 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2014

The wind industry grew in the first decade of the 21st century at rates consistently above 20% a year. For wind turbine, gearbox failure can be extremely costly in terms of repair costs, replacement parts, and in lost power production due to downtime. In this paper, gear tooth micro-modification for the high speed stage was used to compensate for the deformation of the teeth due to load and to ensure a proper meshing to achieve an optimized tooth contact pattern. The gearbox was firstly modeled in a software, and then the various combined tooth modification were presented, and the prediction of transmission under the loaded torque for the helical gear pair was investigated, the normal load distribution and root stress were also obtained and compared before and after tooth modification under one torque. The simulation results showed that the transmission error and normal load distribution under the load can be minimized by the appropriate tooth modification. It is a good approach where the simulated result is used to improve the design before the prototype is available for the test.