• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.689-698
• /
• 2011

In South Korea, Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) has been enforced since 2004 to restore and manage water quality in the watersheds. However, the appraisal of TMDL in South Korea has lots of weaknesses to establish the plan for recovery of water quality because it just evaluates the target water quality during the particular flow duration interval. In the United States, Load Duration Curve (LDC) method bas been widely used in the TMDL to evaluate the water quality and pollutant loads considering variation of stream flow. In a recent study, web-based Load Duration Curve system was developed to create the LDC automatically and provide the convenience of use. In this study, web-based Load Duration Curve system was applied in the Gapyeongcheon watershed using the daily flow and 8-day interval water quality data, and Q-L Rating Curve was used to evaluate the water quality and pollutant load in the watershed, also. As a result of study, water quality and pollutant load in Gapyeongcheon watershed were met with water quality standard and allocated load in the all flow durations. Web-based Load Duration Curve system could be applied to the appraisal of South Korean TMDL because it can be used to judge the impaired flow duration and build up the plan of load reduction, and it could enhance the publicity. But, web-based Load Duration Curve system should be enhanced through addition of load assessment tools such as Q-L rating curve to evaluate water quality and pollutant load objectively.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.523-530
• /
• 2013

This study has been carried out to clarify the characteristics of discharge and pollutant loading according to flow conditions at jiseok stream watershed (JSW). A flow rate and pollutant load in the study watershed were estimated by equation of stage-discharge and discharge-loads rating curve. By using the methods above, I've evaluated the water quality (WQ) of the JSW if it is satisfied with the standard target. I've collected the data of BOD and T-P from the JSW every 8 days for the duration of 12 months. And then, I've schematized the data upon the load duration curve and the results showed me that the WQ of JSW was satisfied with the standard target. I've also collected the same data every each day for the duration of 12 months from JSW and have schematized the data again. And the results showed that it also was satisfied with the standard target. To be concluded, I've determined that point pollution sources of JSW gives more significant impacts to the WQ than non-point pollution sources of JSW and hence, as time goes, point pollution sources will keep depriciating the WQ of JSW. Therefore, further efforts will be required to JSW to maintain the WQ.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.544-555
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 농경유역 중소하천의 주요 지점에서 실측된 현장자료를 사용하여 유량과 총유사량 관계곡선과 이들 간의 관계식을 유도한다. 실측치 총유사량 자료는 수심평균농도와 하상에서 각각의 부유사와 소류사 채취기(DH-48, D-74 및 BLH-84, BL-84)에 의해 채집된 시료를 건조 또는 여과법, 체분석에 의한 입도분포곡선을 통해 얻은 부유사량에 소류사량을 합하여 얻었다. 이들 현장자료는 농경유역 논산수계 내 4개 대상하천의 국가-지방하천 수로구간 7개 측점에서 2012년 8월부터 2014년 9월까지 측정되었다. 그 결과, 유량과 총유사량에 대한 관계곡선과 관계식은 현장측정 자료군의 분포특성을 분석함으로써 멱함수형으로 유도하였으며, 이들 관계식은 수공 유사공학의 이론적 연구뿐만 아니라 실무적 응용에 있어 세굴, 퇴적 및 이송을 해석하는데 유용한 도구로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제31권5B호
• /
• pp.475-481
• /
• 2011

유역관리제도로써 시행 중인 현재의 수질오염총량관리제도의 기준유량은 과거 10년 평균저수량을 적용하고 있으며, 오염총량관리 이행평가는 단위유역별 목표수질을 만족할 수 있는 부하량에 대한 관리를 통해 시행되고 있다. 현재의 단순화되고 평균화된 개념의 기준유량을 이용한 단위유역별 부하량 할당과 관리는 목표수질 달성이라는 규제 기준을 달성하기 위한 관리측면에서의 편리성은 있으나 유역관리를 통한 유역 혹은 수체의 건전한 회복과 평가를 통해 문제점을 도출하고 해결하고자 하는 근본적인 유역관리의 역할은 미흡하다. 동일한 수질 농도를 유지, 관리하기 위해서는 매시간, 매일 변동하는 유량, 즉 전체유량을 고려한 부하량 관리를 통해서만 하천 생태계의 건강성을 유지할 수 있으며 이를 위해서는 전체 유량 규모를 고려해야 한다. 전체 유량 규모를 고려한다는 의미는 자연 현상인 강우-유출에 의해 다양하게 변동되는 유량과 인위적인 조절 유량 등을 고려한 오염총량관리 기준 설정과 이러한 양상을 반영한 과학적, 합리적인 평가가 가능하다는 의미이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전체 유량 규모가 고려되는 유량-부하량 상관곡선을 이용한 오염총량평가 기법을 개발하고 이를 낙동강 수질오염총량관리 단위유역에의 실적용을 통해 문제점과 개선방향을 도출하고 본 기법의 국내 오염총량관리의 부하량 할당 및 이행평가에의 적용 가능성을 평가하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.385-390
• /
• 2007

Reliable flow measurement for dry season is very important to set up the in-stream flow exactly and total maximum daily load control program in the basin. Especially, in the points which tidal current effects are dominant because reliability of the low measurement decrease. The reliable measuring methods are needed. In this study, we analysis the water surface elevation difference of water surface elevation. Quantity relationship to consider tidal currents in these regions. It is known that tidal current effects from Nakdong river barrage are dominant in Samrangjin measuring station. We developed multiple regression equation with water surface elevation, quantity, and difference of water surface elevation and compared these results water measured rating curve. All of these regression equation including linear regression equation and log regression equation fits better measured data them existing water surface elevation quantity line and Among three equations, the log regression equation is best to represent the measured the rating curve in Samrangjin point. The log regression equation is useful method to obtain the quantity in the regions which tidal currents are dominant.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.319-327
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to identify runoff characteristics of pollutants using flow duration curve(FDC) and load duration curve(LDC) in Youngbon A watershed during 2009~2011. A flow rate and pollutant load in the study watershed were estimated by equation of stage-discharge and discharge-loads rating curve. From these methods, BOD, T-N, and T-P have evaluated whether water quality standards would have attained. Results showed that BOD loads of about 50% plotted above the LDC, while T-N and T-P loads of about 50% plotted below the curve. It means that BOD of about 50% have exceeded the water quality criteria, while T-N and T-P of about 50% have complied with the water quality standards. Meanwhile, BOD, TN and T-P loads plotted above the LDC of low flows, implying that they were more affected by point pollution sources than nonpoint pollution sources in the study watershed.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1088-1093
• /
• 2006

In this study, the method of annual sediment estimation for reservoir long-term operation is proposed. Long-term daily precipitation and evaporation are predicted by Markov Chain. Using these values, reservoir inflow is simulated by NWS-PC model. Reservoir sediment load is estimated by sediment rating relation curve which is observed. From the simulation results, it was found that each simulated value by Markov Chain and NWS-PC was well compared to the observed ones and also estimated reservoir sediment was appropriate to the compared values using empirical equations. It is thought that the proposed method for estimation of reservoir sediment can be useful used to operate the reservoir.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.309-316
• /
• 2008

In this paper, new topology is proposed that can dramatically reduce the converter power rating and increase the efficiency of total PV system. Since the output voltage of PV module has very wide voltage range, in general, the DC/DC converter is used to get constant high DC voltage. According to analysis of PV characteristics, in proposed topology, only 20% power of total PV system power is needed for DC/DC converter. DC/DC converter used in proposed topology has flat efficiency curve at all load range and very high efficiency characteristics. The total system efficiency is the product of that of converter and that of inverter. In proposed topology, because the converter efficiency curve is flat all load range, the total system efficiency at the low power range is dramatically improved. The proposed topology is implemented for 200kW PCS system. This system has only three DC/DC converters with 20kW power rating each other. It is only one-third of total system power. The experiment results show that the proposed topology has good performance.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.561-565
• /
• 2006

The paper presents a method of assessing the adequate tapaclty of photovoltaic generation systems for public buildings based on analysis of load variation patterns of customers. When PV systems are installed for supplying power for the customer load, reverse power relay is required by the guideline to be installed at the point of common coupling with the power network. The suggested method analyzes daily, weekly and monthly load demand of the customer that Irishes PV system installation, and determines the appropriate rating of the PV system for preventing PV generation from exceeding the customer demand. This work is expected to support renewable energy dissemination projects of public organizations.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.781-796
• /
• 2020

Prediction of total sediment load is essential in an extensive range of problems such as the design of the dead volume of dams, design of stable channels, sediment transport in the rivers, calculation of bridge piers degradation, prediction of sand and gravel mining effects on river-bed equilibrium, determination of the environmental impacts and dredging necessities. This paper is aimed to investigate and predict the total sediment load of the Wadi Arbaat in Eastern Sudan. The study was estimated the sediment load by separate total sediment load into bedload and Suspended Load (SL), independently. Although the sediment records are not sufficient to construct the discharge-sediment yield relationship and Sediment Rating Curve (SRC), the total sediment loads were predicted based on the discharge and Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC). The turbidity data NTU in water quality has been used for prediction of the SSC in the estimation of suspended Sediment Yield (SY) transport of Wadi Arbaat. The sediment curves can be used for the estimation of the suspended SYs from the watershed area. The amount of information available for Khor Arbaat case study on sediment is poor data. However, the total sediment load is essential for the optimal control of the sediment transport on Khor Arbaat sediment and the protection of the dams on the upper gate area. The results show that the proposed model is found to be considered adequate to predict the total sediment load.