• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.552-554
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• 2000

This paper presents algorithm to plan construction and expanding of substation considering contingency accidents by proposing utilization factor according to configuration of bank system. In this paper, at first, proper sphere of supply area in each district which could be standardized with respect to its supply capacity is established under assumption which was made long term load forecasting in district respectively. Secondly, goal of utilization ratio according to configuration of substation bank was set to keep reliability by remaining sound bank when it happen to one bank accidents Finally, optimal construction and expanding of substation considering economy and reliability simultaneously about substation to exceed these ratio could be anticipated.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07c
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• pp.1220-1223
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• 1998

High Power Laboratory is the facility for building to simulate the various phenomena generated from electric systems of the real world and to test making and breaking capability, switching capability and durability of circuit breaker, switchgear and other electric utilities, moreover, load equipments which contain capacitor bank is installed for studying the diverse effects originated from the constituent of load through entire systems or receiving end. Such factors, abnormal voltage or current, can be serious in electrical systems, especially, in the case caused by capacitive components such as overvoltage or inrushcurrent, the problems may be more fatal to the systems. In this paper, the optimal design of capacitor bank which will be equipped in High Power Laboratory, which is for simulating as closely as the practical phenomena resulted from the capacitive currents, and the verification aided by computer simulations are presented. For this, analysis of the circuit characteristics according to the standards which can be criteria of the capacitive current tests and the test circuit configuration in accordance with the analysis are proposed in prelude. In the body of the paper the optimal design of capacitor bank has been obtained on the basis of all conditions mentioned above and the test circuit configuration with LGIS test requirements. furthermore, analysis and verification for the design are derived by EMTP. finally, evaluation for the capacitor bank design and further study plan are concluded.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.50-64
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• 2011

In this paper, a DC-coupled photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell (FC) and ultracapacitor hybrid power system is studied for building microgrid. In this proposed system, the PV system provides electric energy to the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen for future use and transfer to the load side, if possible. Whenever the PV system cannot completely meet load demands, the FC system provides power to meet the remaining load. The main weak point of the FC system is slow dynamics, because the power slope is limited to prevent fuel starvation problems, improve performance and increase lifetime. A power management and control algorithm is proposed for the hybrid power system by taking into account the characteristics of each power source. The main works of this paper are hybridization of alternate energy sources with FC systems using long and short storage strategies to build an autonomous system with pragmatic design, and a dynamic model proposed for a PV/FC/UC bank hybrid power generation system. A simulation model for the hybrid power system has been developed using Matlab/Simulink, SimPowerSystems and Matlab/Stateflow. The system performance under the different scenarios has been verified by carrying out simulation studies using a practical load demand profile, hybrid power management and control, and real weather data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.70-81
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• 2011

In this paper, a multi-agent control system for DC-coupled photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell (FC), ultracapacitor(UC) and battery hybrid power system is studied for commercial buildings & apartment buildings microgrid. In this proposed system, the PV system provides electric energy to the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen for future use and transfer to the load side, if possible. Whenever the PV system cannot completely meet load demands, the FC system provides power to meet the remaining load. A multi-agent system based-power management and control algorithm is proposed for the hybrid power system by taking into account the characteristics of each power source. The main works of this paper are hybridization of alternate energy sources with FC systems using long and short storage strategies to build the multi-agent control system with pragmatic design, and a dynamic model proposed for a PV/FC/UC/battery bank hybrid power generation system. A dynamic simulation model for the hybrid power system has been developed using Matlab/Simulink, SimPowerSystems and Stateflow. Simulation results are also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-agent control and management system for building microgrid.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.99-109
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• 1997

To estimate the nutrients delivery characteristics of Chogang stream to Keum River, sediment and soil characteristics were analyzed in the stream and in the stream bank. Along the stream, soil samples from river sediment were collected and tested monthly for phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations. Nitrogen concentration in the sediment is much lower than that of soil in the river bank especially in summer presumably due to the high desorption characteristics of nitrogen by the increasing rainfall energy during summer. Instead, the concentrations of phosphorus were similar for the sediment and the soil in the river bank due to the strong adsorption characteristics of phosphorus. Batch tests were performed to evaluate the desorption potential of the sediments. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was applied to quantify soil erosion in each watershed due to rainfall. It was estimated that approximately 25% of total phosphorus by mass basis could be released from the sediment if the water was disturbed vigorously. The mass load of nitrogen and phosphorus into the Chogang Stream from the watershed were evaluated from the USLE and release ratio of phosphorus.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.431-434
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• 1999

This paper presents design of controllers for battery energy storage system. The proposed battery energy storage system can be controlled to operate in the power conditioning mode or the inverter mode. The operation of this mode further divided into three cases: (a) in the peak load period, the load power supplied from the utility is minimized as far as possible; (b) in the off-peak load period, the utility supplies power to the load and charges the battery bank with automatic charging control; (c) in the medium load period, to save battery energy the real power flow out of the battery energy storage system is minimized. Besides, in all cases, the proposed battery energy storage system also automatically compensates the harmonics, subharmonics and reactive power factor in the utility side are much improved. Simulation results are presented by the effectiveness of the proposed controllers for battery energy storge system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1062-1064
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• 2005

3 phase 4-wire system has been widely used in the customer's application due to merit of 1 bank construction of loads such as 1-phase lighting, heat and 3-phase motor. But if the load distribution is not uniformed by the operation conditions, voltage unbalance is highly appeared by the difference of each phase current value. Especially, if the linear load such as resistance or inductive load has different power factor value, voltage unbalance factor is not the same due to the phase angle and magnitude of each phase voltage. In this paper, we composed the measurement device and analyzed by varying of load pattern.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.316-317
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.265-267
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• 2009

we proposed a grid connected peak load compensation system with high discharge current characteristics based on lithium polymer battery for development of the next generation power-station. The lithium polymer battery has faster discharge current characteristics than conventional battery, so that can compensate high active power demanded by load in a short time using the low capacity battery bank. Therefore, it is possible to control power leveling of grid by measuring storage energy of battery and active power which is needed from load. The validity of proposed system was verified through the simulation and experiment.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.47-68
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• 2016

A well designed hybrid power system (HPS) can deliver electrical energy in a cost effective way. In this paper, model for HPS consisting of photo voltaic (PV) module and wind mill as renewable energy sources (RES) and solar lead acid battery as storage device connected to unidirectional grid is developed for peak demand reduction. Life time energy cost of the system is evaluated. One year hourly site condition and load pattern are taken into account for analysing the HPS. The optimal HPS is determined for least life time energy cost subject to the constraints like state of charge of the battery bank, dump load, renewable energy (RE) generation etc. Optimal solutions are also found out individually for PV module and wind mill. These three systems are compared to find out the most feasible combination. The results show that the HPS can deliver energy in an acceptable cost with reduced peak consumption from the grid. The proposed optimization algorithm is suitable for determining optimal HPS for desired location and load with least energy cost.