• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.89-102
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence the need for improvements to dormitory environments and to study the stress from school-life according to residential satisfaction in dormitories and housing. For the purpose of this study, a survey was conducted including a questionnaire consisting of a residential satisfaction scale, a need of dormitory environment improvement scale, and a school-life stress scale. The subjects were 453 special purpose students in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do who all live in a dormitory. Factor analysis, Cronbach' $\alpha$ and MANOVA were employed for data analysis, and Scheffe test was used for post-hoc analysis. First, the lower group the satisfaction of a physical residential environment in a dormitory, the more likely it is that the dormitory environment need improvement. The result of this study suggests that dormitory students are much more sensitive to conditions relating to physical residential satisfaction than to sociopsychological residential satisfaction. Also, the residents believe that change to these physical residential conditions facilitate an improvement to sociopsychological residential satisfaction. Moreover, when the satisfaction of a physical residential environment is lower group, more perceptive stress occurs from academic, health and personal factors while a lower satisfaction for the sociopsychological residential environment results in a more perceptive stress from the environment. The result of this study suggests that dormitory conditions indicate the necessity of improving the environment to adapt well to school-life, thus reducing stress. Also when simply providing a supplementary physical residential environment the sociopsychological residential environment should be considered, as this can cause conflicts between roommates. Second, the lower group the satisfaction for a physical residential environment in housing, the more likely it is that the dormitory environment need improvement. The result of this study suggests that for environments of inadequate housing there is a strong urge towards needing more independence and a better living environment. Third, when group feel there is a more substantial difference in the physical residential environment between dormitories and housing, it is more likely it is that the dormitory environment need to be improved. Also, when they feel there is more substantial difference in the sociopsychological residential environment between dormitories and housing, a more perceptive stress is detected from the environment. The result of this study suggests that dormitory students want to have the same level of conditions as those provided in housing. Also, dormitory students want to need more physical environment improvement than sociopsychological environment improvement.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2015

본 연구는 중학생의 외모관리행동에 따른 바른 인성과 창의적 인성의 차이를 살펴봄으로써 외모관리행동에 따른 바른 인성과 창의적 인성 측면에서 어떤 점들을 고려할 수 있을지에 관한 기초적인 자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적을 위해 광주광역시에 소재한 중학교 3학년 600명을 대상으로 2014년 2월 3일부터 2월 14일까지 설문지조사를 실시하였고 544부를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 자료 분석을 위해서 SPSS/PC WIN 19.0 프로그램을 사용하여 기술통계, 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석(Cronbach's ${\alpha}$), 일원분산분석(One-way ANOVA), Duncan-test를 실시하였다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 살펴볼 때 외모관리행동 중 토털코디네이션 추구행동은 중학생의 관심도가 높고 바른 인성과 창의적 인성과 관련이 깊었다. 바른 인성에서는 기본생활습관과 효도 경애, 창의적 인성에서는 호기심, 사고의 개방성, 위험감수, 과제집착, 심미성에 긍정적인 결과를 보였다. 이러한 점을 고려하여 가정 교과 교육과정에 토털코디네이션 추구행동과 관련된 내용이 보완될 필요성이 있다고 생각된다. 또한, 의생활 영역과 관련된 방과 후 활동 프로그램을 실시하거나 자유학기제를 통한 진로탐색의 기회를 마련하여 토털코디네이션과 관련된 심층적인 교육이 이루어진다면 바른 인성과 창의적 인성에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이라 기대한다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.97-118
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to clarify the definition of middle age, to compare the different perspectives about mid-life crisis, and to identify the variables that cause the mid-life crisis of men and women.. For this purpose reviewing literatures and emprical research were conducted. For the emprical research, Mid-life Crisis Scale, Mid-life Indentity Scale, Family Relation Scale. Health Scale and Religious Scale were developed. The Sample was selected form the men and women living in Seoul, whose age is from 40 to 59 , and whose last child is older than 13 years of age. Among 820 respondents 218 men and 442 women were finally selected as datum sources. The data were analyzed by the statistical method such as the factor analysis frequency distribution, percentile, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and regression analysis. The main results were as follows; 1) Men and women experience mid-life crisis some extent. The mid-life crisis score for men is 33.60 and 35.0 for women. This implies women reveal significantly higher crisis than men. As for women's mid-life crisis. self-awaring age, education, income, husband's occupation, employment status of wife and occupational status of wife have a significant influence Expecially employment status of wife seemed to interact with sex, husband's occupation and educational level of wife. however status of child, family pattern, son's existence are not as important an influence on mid-life crisis. 3) Among the psychological variables, work identity and physical identity have the strong influence on the mid-life crisis of men and women, It implies that mid-life crisis si lower when one has higher work identity and physical identity. 4) Mid -life crisis of men and women is influenced significantly according to family relation variables and health variables. It reveals that the better one's family relations and health sate, the lower one's mid-life crisis is. However menopause and the years after menopause do not influence on the mid-life crisis of women. 5) Mid-life crisis of women differs significantly according to the kind of religion and religious activity. That is mid-life crisis of women is lower when she believes in Protestantism and Catholicism and participate in more religious activity. Mid-life crisis of men is not significantly influenced by religious variables. After all among the five categories of variables that related to mid-life crisis, psychological variables-especially work identity and physical identity are observed to have the strongest degree of significance.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제14권3_2호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 경찰의 치안서비스품질과 서비스만족 및 생활만족의 관계를 규명하는데 있다. 이 연구는 2012년 서울소재 일반 시민들을 모집단으로 설정한 후 유층집락무선표집법을 이용하여 최종분석에 이용된 사례 수는 총 491명이다. 연구에 사용된 설문지는 총 60문항으로 구성되었으며, SPSSWIN 18.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 다중회귀분석, 경로분석 등을 실시하였다. 설문지 신뢰도는 Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ 값이 .607이상으로 나타났다. 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경찰 치안서비스품질은 서비스만족에 영향을 미친다. 즉, 신속전문성, 공익성, 공감성, 체계성, 접근성 서비스가 활발히 이루어질수록 범죄발생억제 활동만족은 증가한다. 반면, 쾌적성, 보증성 서비스가 원활히 이루어지지 않을수록 범죄발생억제활동만족은 감소한다. 체계성, 유형성 서비스가 활발히 이루어질수록 경찰력규모만족은 증가한다. 공감성, 체계성, 접근성 서비스가 활발히 이루어질수록 교통안전관련활동만족은 증가한다. 신속전문성, 공감성, 체계성, 유형성, 보증성 서비스가 활발히 이루어질수록 지역사회경찰활동만족은 증가한다. 둘째, 경찰 치안서비스품질은 생활만족에 영향을 미친다. 즉, 신속전문성, 공익성, 공감성, 접근성 서비스가 활발히 이루어질수록 안전생활만족은 증가한다. 신속전문성 서비스가 활발히 이루어질수록 일상생활만족은 증가한다. 셋째, 치안서비스만족은 생활만족에 영향을 미친다. 즉, 범죄발생억제활동만족, 교통안전관련활동만족, 지역사회경찰활동만족이 높을수록 안전생활만족은 증가한다. 경찰력규모만족, 교통안전관련활동만족, 지역사회경찰활동만족이 높을수록 일상생활만족은 증가한다. 넷째, 경찰 치안서비스품질은 치안서비스만족 및 생활만족에 직간접적인 영향을 미친다. 즉, 치안서비스만족은 치안서비스품질과 생활만족을 매개하는 중요한 변수이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3035-3039
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• 2014

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world and both incidence and mortality rates are continuing to rise in Pakistan. However, epidemiological studies to identify common lung cancer determinants in the Pakistani population have been limited. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 400 cases and 800 controls were enrolled from different hospitals of all provinces of Pakistan. Information about socio-demographic, occupational, lifestyle and dietary variables was extracted by questionnaire from all subjects. Odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. and dose-response associations were also assessed for suitable factors. Results: Strong associations were observed for smoking (OR=9.4, 95%CI=6.9-12.8), pesticide exposure (OR=5.1, 95%CI=3.1-8.3), exposure to diesel exhaust (OR=3.1, 95%CI=2.1-4.5), red meat consumption (OR=2.9, 95%CI=1.8-4.7) and chicken consumption (OR=2.8, 95%CI=1.7-49). Other associated factors observed were welding fumes (OR=2.5, 95%CI=1.0-6.5), sedentary living (OR=2.0, 95%CI=1.6-2.6), family history (OR=2.0, 95%CI=0.8-4.9), wood dust (OR=1.9, 95%CI=1.2-3.1), tea consumption (OR=1.8, 95%CI=1.2-2.6), coffee consumption (OR=1.8, 95%CI=1.1-2.8), alcoholism (OR=1.7, 95%CI=1.1-2.5) and asbestos exposure(OR=1.5, 95%CI=0.5-4.4). Consumption of vegetables (OR=0.3, 95%CI=0.2-0.4), juices (OR=0.3, 95%CI=0.3-0.4), fruits (OR=0.7, 95%CI=0.5-0.9) and milk (OR=0.6, 95%CI=0.5-0.8) showed reduction in risk of lung cancer. Strongest dose-response relationships were observed for smoking ($X^2=333.8$, $p{\leq}0.0000001$), pesticide exposure ($X^2=50.9$, $p{\leq}0.0000001$) and exposure to diesel exhaust ($X^2=51.8$, $p{\leq}0.0000001$). Conclusions: Smoking, pesticide exposure, diesel exhaust and meat consumption are main lung cancer determinants in Pakistan. Consuming vegetables, fruits, milk and juices can reduce the risk of lung cancer risk, as in other countries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3705-3713
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• 2014

E-Cadherin (CDH1) genetic variations may be involved in invasion and metastasis of various cancers by altering gene transcriptional activity of epithelial cells. However, published studies on the association of CDH1 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk remain contradictory, owing to differences in living habits and genetic backgrounds. To derive a more better and comprehensive conclusion, the present meta-analysis was performed including 57 eligible studies of the association between polymorphisms of CDH1 gene promoter -160 C>A, -347 G>GA and 3'-UTR +54 C>T and cancer risk. Results showed that these three polymorphisms of CDH1 were significantly associated with cancer risk. For -160 C>A polymorphism, -160A allele carriers (CA and CA+AA) had an increased risk of cancer compared with the homozygotes (CC), and the similar result was discovered for the -160A allele in the overall analyses. In the subgroup analyses, obvious elevated risk was found with -160A allele carriers (AA, CA, CA+AA and A allele) for prostate cancer, while a decreased colorectal cancer risk was shown with the AA genotype. For the -347 G>GA polymorphism, the GAGA genotype was associated with increased cancer risk in the overall analysis with homozygous and recessive models. In addition, results of subgroup analysis indicated that the elevated risks were observed in colorectal cancer and Asian descendants. For +54 C>T polymorphism, a decreased risk of cancer was found in heterozygous, dominant and allele models. Moreover, +54T allele carriers (CT, CT+TT genotype and T allele) showed a potential protective factor in gastric cancer and Asian descendants.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2015

과거 고속도로는 이동성 중심의 기능을 주로 담당하였으나, 삶의 질 향상과 의식 수준의 향상에 따라 '빠른 고속도로'에서 '안전한 고속도로'로 고속도로 기능의 패러다임이 변화하고 있다. 고속도로 교통사고는 2012년 기준 3,550건이 발생하였으며, 371명이 교통사고로 사망한 것으로 집계되었고, 치사율은 일반국도의 약 2배에 달하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고속도로 주요 6개 노선을 대상으로 교통사고건수와 교통량 기반의 사고예측모형(안전성능함수)을 개발하였다. 안전성능함수는 각 노선별로 도로의 선형 및 규모 등이 달라 정확하게 각 노선을 예측하는데 어려움이 있을 것으로 판단되어, 6개 노선의 통합 안전성능함수를 구축하고, 각 노선별로 교통사고를 보정할 수 있는 계수를 산출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 교통사고 예방을 위한 노선별 교통안전 전략수립의 기초자료로 활용함으로써 보다 안전한 고속도로 관리에 기여할 것으로 판단된다. 향후에는 각 노선별 특성에 따른 그룹별 통합모형을 통한 노선별 보정계수를 산출하여 신뢰성 있는 사고 예측값을 제시하는 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4429-4434
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• 2015

Background: Public awareness/knowledge on oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC), potentially malignant disorders (PMODs) and their risk factors is crucial for prevention and early detection of OPC and PMODs. Yet, there are no published data available on the awareness and knowledge of OPC and PMODs among people living in Far North Queensland, Australia. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a cross sectional survey. A self-administered questionnaire was designed and consisted of relevant questions to ascertain socio-demographic information, awareness and knowledge of OPC, PMODs and risk factors and questions on participant's exposure to risk factors and dietary history were also included. Survey was carried out at the Dental Clinic of the James Cook University School of Dentistry (JCU Dental), Cairns, Australia. Subjects above the age of 20 years (n=366) were randomly selected during the period from 31st July to 6th September 2013 and questionnaire was distributed to complete while they are waiting for treatment. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21 and the chi -squared test was employed to compare groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study revealed that 52.3% of the respondents were aware of the existence of OPC but only 19.0% were aware of PMODs. Of those who were aware of oral cancer, 92% agreed or strongly agreed that smoking is a strong risk factor for OPC. Similarly a relatively high proportion of the respondents agreed or strongly agreed that tobacco chewing (84%), tobacco chewing with areca nut (68%), chewing areca nut alone (51%) and exposure to actinic radiation (71%) as risk factors. However, the results for alcohol intake, age, and HPV infection were found to be relatively poor with proportions 33%, 34%, and 23% respectively. Conclusions: This study revealed an alarming lack of awareness and knowledge of OPC and PMODs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2897-2901
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• 2013

Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Although certain dietary factors and lifestyles have been suggested to be associated with gastric carcinogenesis, there have been few investigations focusing on rural areas. A case-control study was therefore carried out to investigate the risk factors of gastric cardia cancer (GCC) in rural areas of Linzhou. A total of 470 newly diagnosed cases of GCC and 470 healthy controls were included. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, using a uniform questionnaire containing questions on demographics, per capita income, living habits, dietary habits and family history of tumors. The relationship between putative risk factors and GCC was assessed by odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) derived from conditional logistic regression model by the COXREG command using SPSS 12.00. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate simultaneously the effects of multiple factors and other potential confounding factors. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that smoking (OR=1.939, 95%CI:1.097-3.426), alcohol drinking (OR=2.360, 95%CI: 1.292-4.311), hot food consumption (OR=2.034, 95%CI: 1.507-2.745), fast eating (OR=1.616, 95%CI: 1.171-2.230), mouldy food (OR=4.564, 95%CI: 2.682-7.767), leftover food (OR=1.881. 95%CI: 1.324-2.671), and family history of tumor (OR=2.831, 95%CI: 1.588-5.050) were risk factors for GCC. High per capita income (OR=0.709, 95%CI: 0.533-0.942), high education level (OR=0.354, 95%CI: 0.163-0.765), consumption of fresh fruits (OR=0.186, 95%CI: 0.111-0.311) and vegetables (OR=0.243, 95%CI: 0.142-0.415), and high BMI (OR=0.367, 95%CI: 0.242-0.557) were protective factors for GCC. Our data indicate that unhealthy lifestyle and dietary habits might be important contributors to GCC in this population.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.584-594
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• 2000

This study was the done to describe health behavior and determine affecting factors in middle aged women. The subjects of this study were 306 middle aged women, living in M city, during the period from June 28th to August. 31st 1999. The instruments for this study were Health Behavior Assesment tool developed by Kim (1998), Self esteem scale developed by Rosenberg(1965), the perceived health status scale by Lawston, et al.(1982), the Quality of life by Ro(1988), the attitude toward Climacteric symptom by Ji(1983). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. The result of this study are as follows; 1. The total mean score for Health behavior was 2.51(range 1-4). The mean scores on the subscale were 2.83 for nutrition, 2.81 for stress management, 2.71 for limitation of liking in the menstrual group, health behavior was 2.64. The mean scores on the subscale were 2.98 for nutrition, 2.85 for stress management, 2.82 for limitation of liking, 2.80 for energy conservation in the menopausal group, 2. The mean scores for cognitive-perceptual variables in the menstrual group were perception of health status: 2.61, quality of life: 3.17, self-esteem: 2.59, and attitude for climacteric symptom: 3.02. In the menopausal group the scores were perception of health status: 2.41, quality of life: 3.10, self-esteem: 2.62, attitude for climacteric symptom: 3.06. 3. Health behavior and self-esteem(r=.269, p=.000; r=.205, p=.042), attitude for climacteric symptom(r=.192, p=.005; r=.545, p=.000), quality of life(r=.385, p=.000; r= .195, p=.050) and health behavior were correlated positively, and the perception of health status and health behavior were correlated negatively(r=.-135, p=.050; r= -.207, p=.040 ) in the menstrual group and menopausal group. 4. Perception of health status, quality of life, age, self-esteem, job and marital status explained 33.7% of the variance for health behavior in the menstrual group; self-esteem and education explained 33.1% of the variance for health behavior in the menopausal group. In conclusion, health behavior should be considered when developing nursing strategies for middle-aged women, especially when dealing with perception of health status, quality of life, and self-esteem.