• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.511-513
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• 2004

Effects of the dietary supplementation of Codonopsis lanceolata root on triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the serum, liver, breast muscle and bile in male Cobb$\times$Cobb chicks were investigated. The chicks (15-42 days old) were fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.25 and 0.5% Codonopsis lanceolata root. No differences were observed in body weight, feed conversion ratio, gall bladder weight or abdominal fat deposition among the control group and the two treatment groups. Liver weights were higher in chicks fed a 0.5% Codonopsis lanceolata diet than in those fed the control diet (p<0.05). However, serum levels of both glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were not different among the three groups. Broiler chicks fed either 0.25% or 0.5% dietary Codonopsis lanceolata root showed decreased serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to the control group (p<0.05). Supplementation with either 0.25% or 0.5% dietary Codonopsis lanceolata root decreased the triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in liver and breast muscle compared to the control group (p<0.05). Biliary cholesterol increased by 15% in chicks fed 0.5% dietary Codonopsis lanceolata root, suggesting that the biliary excretion of cholesterol had been elevated by dietary Codonopsis lanceolata root (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate that dietary Codonopsis lanceolata root can decrease triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the serum, liver and breast muscle of broilers.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2002

타우린이 산란계의 지방대사에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 두 번의 시험을 수행하였다. 시험 1에 있어서 19주령 산란계를 사료에 타우린을 첨가하지 않은 대조구, 0.4%,0.8%그리고 1.2%를 첨가한 4가지 시험구에 균일하게 분포시켜 10주 동안 사양하였다. 1.2%타우린 첨가시 산란계의 복강지방 량은 대조구에 비하여 29.2% 낮았다. 혈청 중 중성지방과 HDL-콜레스테롤의 농도는 처리구간 타이가 없었으나 총 콜레스테롤의 농도는 1.2% 타우린 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 22.4%높았다. 간의 중성지방과 총 콜레스테롤의 농도는 0.8%그리고 1.2%타우린 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 각각 26.1%와 26.4% 그리고 28.2%와 26.4% 낮았고, HDL-콜레스테롤의 농도도 1.2% 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 33.9%낮았다. 시험 2에서는 81주령 산란계를 사료에 타우린을 첨가하지 않은 대조구, 1%그리고2%첨가한3가지 시험구에 균일하게 분포시켜 6주 동안 사양시험을 실시하였다. 1% 타우린 첨가구는 대조구에 비하여 복강지방량이 25%감소하였으나, 혈청 중 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤 및 HDL-콜레스테롤의 농도는 대조구와 차이가 없었다. 그러나 2% 타우린 첨가구는 대조구에 비하여 혈청 중 중성지방과 콜레스테롤의 농도가 각각 44%와 19.8% 낮았으며, HDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 대조구에 비하여 75% 높았다. 그리고 간의 중성지방과 총 콜레스테롤의 농도의 경우, 1%첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 각각 36.8%와 23%낮았으나, 2%첨가구는 대조구에 비하여 각각 78.4%와 70% 높았다. 또한 간의 HDL-cholesterol 농도의 경우, 1% 첨가구는 대조구와 차이가 없었으나 2% 첨가구는 62.8% 높았다. 본 연구의 결과는 산란계에 타우린의 급여는 복강지방의 축적을 억제하며, 이는 중성지방과 콜레스테롤 대사의 변화를 수반한다는 것을 보여준다.는 역할을 한다. 소풍의 적절한 활용은 시각적 요소 및 비언어적 전달요소에 의한 정보전달을 중심으로 주목률을 높일 뿐만 아니라 그에 뒤따르는 소구과정의 단계를 증폭시키고 가속화시킨다. 또한 소품의 사용은 광고물의 분위기나 가치, 신념 등도 전달할 수 있다. 따라서 좀더 많은 새로운 모험과 실험이 많아질수록 광고의 미래전망이 밝아질 것으로 예측된다.t and t-test were utilized for the statistical analysis of each parameter. The results showed that the differences in AU $C_{0-}$30hr/, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ between two were ~5.66, 1.74 and 0.00%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences ($\Delta$) at $\alpha$=0.05 were less than$\pm$ 20% except $T_{max}$ (8.44, 18.36, and 33.86%, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals of all parameters were within $\pm$20% (-10.60~ -0.72, -9.00~12.49 and -19.81~19.81%, respectively). Therefore, it is concluded that the two formulations are bioequivalent for both the extent and the rate of absorption after single dose administration.ation.ion.ion.ation.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2005

An extract obtained from germinated brown rice was evaluated for protective effects against the adverse effects of a chronic high fat diet. C57BL6/J mice were divided into three groups; normal diet + water group (ND), high fat diet + water group (HD), high fat diet + brown rice water extract group (HD + BE) and fed for 8 weeks (6 day/week). The ND group diet was 11 kcal fat $\%$. The HD group and HD + BE group diet were 42 kcal fat $\%$. Weight gains were not significantly different between groups. However, abdominal fat $\%$ was 1.6-fold higher in the HD group than HD + BE group. Feed consumption was significantly higher in the ND group than HD group. Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol increased with a high fat diet, but decreased by brown rice water extract administration to the high fat diet group. Serum HDL-cholesterol decreased by the high fat diet, but increased by the brown rice wate extract administration. Also, serum HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was 2.3-fold higher in the HD + BE than the HD. Liver triglyceride and total cholesterol were not significantly different among groups. These data suggest that brown rice water extract administration improves the serum lipid profiles of C57BL/6J mice.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.179-196
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• 2019

We investigated the effect of high density lipoprotein from egg yolk (EYHDL) on serum, hepatic and fecal lipid and fatty acids (FAs) levels and on gene expression involved in FAs metabolism. Male KM mice were fed either normal diet (ND; n=20), high fat diet (HFD; n=20), or high fat diet containing EYHDL (EYHDL; 0.6 mg/g, every day by oral gavage, n=20) for 100 days. At the end of the experiment, the effects of treatments on biochemical parameters, FAs profiles and involved gene expression were analyzed. Our results revealed that EYHDL markedly suppressed the body weight gain, accumulation of abdominal fat tissues, serum concentrations of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides, hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol accumulation, while increased serum concentration of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). EYHDL intake also increased total cholesterol (TC) excretions compared with HFD group. Moreover, it alleviated the severity of fatty liver and improved glucose and insulin tolerance compared with HFD. More importantly, EYHDL partially normalized FAs profiles in serum, liver and fecaces and neutralized the HFD-induced upregulation of SREBP-1c, Acaca, Fasn, GPAT and Scd1. In conclusion, our findings indicate that EYHDL may have the potential to improve metabolic disturbances that occur in HFD mice and can be considered as an appropriate dietary recommendation for the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1795-1806
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• 2018

Objective: The study was designed to establish choline deficiency model (CDM) in broilers for evaluating efficacy of polyherbal formulation (PHF) in comparison with synthetic choline chloride (SCC). Methods: A total of 2,550 one-day-old Cobb 430 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to different groups in three experiments. In experiment 1, G1 and G2 served as normal controls and were fed a basal diet with 100% soybean meal (SBM) as a major protein source supplemented with and without SCC, respectively. In G3, G4, G5, and G6 groups, SBM was replaced at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by soy protein isolate (SPI) to induce a graded level of choline deficiency. In experiment 2, PHF (500 and 1,000 g/ton) in comparison with SCC (1,000 g/ton) were evaluated. In experiment 3, dose-response of PHF (200, 400, and 500 g/ton) with SCC (400 g/ton) was determined. Results: Replacement of SBM by SPI produced a linear decrease in body weight gain (BWG) with a poor feed conversion ratio (FCR). 25% SBM replacement by SPI yielded an optimum negative impact on BWG and FCR; hence, it is considered for further studies. In experiment 2, PHF (500 and 1,000 g/ton) and SCC (1,000 g/ton) showed a similar performance in BWG, FCR and relative liver weight. In experiment 3, PHF produced an optimum efficacy at 400 g/ton and was comparable to SCC in the restoration of serum aspartate aminotransferase activity, abdominal fat, breast muscle lipid content and liver histopathological abnormalities. Conclusion: Replacement of SBM by SPI caused choline deficiency characterised by worsening of BWG, FCR, elevation in liver enzymes and histopathological changes indicating fatty liver. CDM was found valid for evaluating SCC and PHF. It is concluded that PHF has the potential to mimic biological activities of SCC through the restoration of negative effects caused by CDM.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.1408-1417
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• 2024

Objective: This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with lysolecithins (LPC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, immunity, and liver health in broiler chickens. Methods: A cohort of 240 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers of comparable weight was divided into four treatment groups, each comprising six replicates of 10 birds. The groups were defined as follows: positive control with recommended metabolizable energy (PC+ME), negative control with 90 kcal/kg reduced ME (NC+ME), PC supplemented with 300 mg/kg LPC (PC+LPC), and NC supplemented with 300 mg/kg LPC (NC+LPC). Results: LPC supplementation led to a statistically significant reduction in the feed conversion ratio (p = 0.05) and a decrease in the proportion of abdominal fat and the liver (p<0.05). Digestibility of dry matter was also enhanced (p<0.05). Malondialdehyde concentrations in the liver were significantly reduced by LPC (p<0.01), with a noteworthy interaction between energy levels and LPC affecting this reduction (p<0.05). Serum levels of interleukin-6 were reduced on day 21, and both endotoxin and interleukin-6 levels were lower on day 42. Notably, a significant interaction was observed between the energy levels and LPC on relative liver weight and endotoxin concentrations in the serum (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that LPC positively affects growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, and antioxidative capacity in broiler chickens, affirming its value as a beneficial feed additive in poultry nutrition.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.1957-1964
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• 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare overfeeding performance, fatty acid composition, blood chemistry, enzymes and genes expression overfed Xupu and Landes geese. Methods: Sixty male Xupu geese (80 d) and Landes geese (80 d) were selected. After a period of one-week of pre-overfeeding, Xupu and Landes geese were overfed three meals of 550 and 350 g/d, respectively, of a high-carbohydrate diet in the first week of the overfeeding period. The next week, geese were given four meals of 1,200 and 850 g/d, respectively, over 8 to 14 d. Finally, geese were given five meals of 1,600 and 1,350 g/d, respectively, for the last two weeks. Results: After overfeeding for 28 d: Compared with Landes geese, Xupu geese liver weight and liver-to-body weight ratio decreased (p<0.05), while final weight, slaughter weight, total weight gain, abdominal fat weight, and feed-to-liver weight ratio increased (p<0.05). The levels of elaidic acid (C18:1t9), oleic acid (C18:1n-9), eicosenoic acid, and arachidonic acid in the liver of Xupu geese significantly increased (p<0.05), and the levels of myristic acid and stearic acid significantly decreased (p<0.05), while methyleicosanoate acid significantly increased (p<0.05). Xupu geese had higher plasma concentrations of triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05), and decreased activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lipase (LPS) (p<0.05). Landes geese had higher LPS activity (p<0.05), but lower cholinesterase activity (p<0.05) when compared with Xupu geese. The mRNA expression levels of fatty acid dehydrogenase (FADS) gene, elongase of long-chain fatty acid 1 (ELOVL1) gene, ELOVL5, and acyl-Co A: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) gene were significantly upregulated (p<0.05) in Landes goose when compared with Xupu geese. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the liver production performance of Landes geese was better than that of Xupu geese to some extent, which may be closely related to LPS activity, as well as the expression of FADS, ELOVL1, ELOVL5, and ACAT2.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.1414-1423
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• 2009

본 연구는 복부초음파검사를 통하여 얻은 건강진단 결과로부터 지방간 유소견자의 비율을 파악하고, 비만, 간기능 및 고지혈증 지표들과 지방간과의 관련성을 검토할 목적으로 실시하였다. 연구대상은 2006년 7월부터 2007년 6월까지의 기간에 D시의 한 대학병원 건강검진센터에서 종합건강검진을 받았던 30세 이상 남성 772명이었으며, 연구결과, 조사대상자의 지방간 유소견율은 25.5%이었으며, 비만지표(체중, BMI, 체지방율, 허리둘레와 엉덩이둘레 비, 허리둘레와 신장 비), 간기능지표(AST, ALT, GGT) 및 고지혈증지표(TG, TC, HDL-C)들과 유의한 관련성을 갖고 있음을 알 수 있으며, 이는 연령과는 독립적으로 그 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2003

Acanthopanax senticosus was grown by a novel, proprietary method, of culturing isolated cells in a bioreactor. An extract from the cells was evaluated for its effect on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n＝6) were fed either an AIN-76 diet (control, NDCon), control diet plus Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ND＋Ex), a modified AIN-76 diet supplemented with 20% beef tallow (high fat, HFCon), or a high fat diet plus Acanthopanax senticosus extract (HF＋Ex), for 5weeks. Body weight gain was significantly higher in the HFCon group than the NDCon group. Feed consumption was significantly lower, but energy intake higher, in the groups fed high fat diets compared with the groups fed control diets. Serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly increased but serum LDL-cholesterol concentrations were decreased in the groups fed the Acanthopanax senticosus extract. Abdominal fat accumulation and serum leptin levels were significantly higher in the HFCon group than the other groups. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) mRNA levels were increased in the groups fed Acanthopanx senticosus extract. These results suggest that supplementation of cell cultured Acanthopanax senticosus extract regulates CPT-I mRNA levels in liver and has an effect on the normalization of lipids in rats fed a high fat diet.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.247-252
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• 2013

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing various concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, or 400 ${\mu}g/kg$ diet) of organic Se on growth performance, carcass traits, oxidative stress, and immune responses in commercial broiler chickens reared in open-sided poultry house under tropical climatic conditions. Each diet was fed ad libitum to eight replicates consisting of six birds in each pen from 1 to 42 d of age. Body weight gain and feed efficiency, and relative weight of liver, abdominal fat and ready to cook yields were not affected (p>0.05) by organic Se supplementation to broiler diets. Lipid peroxidation in plasma decreased, while activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in plasma increased (p<0.01) linearly with Se concentration in diet. The ratios between heterophyls and lymphocytes and relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa, spleen, and thymus), and antibody production to Newcastle disease vaccination were not affected (p>0.05) by Se supplementation to broiler diets. However, the cell-mediated immunity (lymphocyte proliferation ratio) increased (p<0.01) linearly with dietary Se concentration. The results of the present study indicate that the supplementation of Se did not influence body weight and feed efficiency. However, supplementation of Se increased antioxidant status and lymphocyte proliferation in broiler chickens.