• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.115-128
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• 2023

This study examines the effects of a new app-based intervention program for conversational skills of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants in this study comprised 26 children diagnosed with autism, Asperger's syndrome, or pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Participants were randomly assigned into a treatment group or a control group according to their ages, IQ, SCQ, and ASSQ scores. The treatment group met with teachers once a week for a single non-face-to-face class for nine weeks, along with conversation training at home using an app. The control group did not participate in any specific programs for conversational skills. Conversation data of all participants were collected before and after the intervention to compare the two groups based on changes in the conversational turn-taking and topic manipulation skills. When analyzed with respect to a Group X Period analysis of variance (ANOVA), the data indicated maintenance on the rate of appropriate listener's verbal responses in the treatment group, whereas the rate of inappropriate listener's verbal response significantly declined in the control group. In addition, the rate of conversation initiation and maintenance and the rate of appropriate initiation improved in the treatment group, whereas the rate of inappropriate initiation declined in this group. Overall, the study demonstrates promising effects of the novel App-based digital intervention on verbal conversational skills in children with high function ASD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.465-466
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• 2010

• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.37-50
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• 2000

This paper describes a test of everyday speech understanding ability, in which a listener's utilization of the context-situational information of speech is assessed, and is compared with the utilization of acoustic-phonetic information. The test items are sentences which are presented in a babble type of noise, and the listener response is the key word in the sentence. The key words are always two-syllabic nouns and the questioning sentences are added to obtain the responding key words. Two types of sentences are used. One is the high-predictable sentences for which the key word is somewhat predictable from the context. The other is the low-predictable sentences for which the key-word cannot be predicted from the context. Both types are included in six 40-item forms of the test, which are balanced for intelligibility, key-word familiarity and predictability, phonetic content, and length. Performance of normally hearing listeners shows significantly different functions for various signal-to-noise ratios. The potential applications of this test, particularly in the assessment of speech understanding ability in the hearing impaired, are discussed.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.12-21
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose a novel hearing aid algorithm for sensorinural hearing loss restoration with multi-channel(band) dynamic range compression and psychoacoustics. In this way, we can present a normal perception condition to the impaired listener. The proposed algorithm make loudness scaling function achieve proper loudness level, and analysis masking property for the signal will be perceived to impaired listener, and then, restore normal spectral contrast using SMR(signal-to-masking ratio) defined by distance between the level of each frequency and masking threshold.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.67-78
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• 2016

This study examined the affective prosodic characteristics observed from the children with cochlear implant (CI, hereafter) and normal hearing (NH, hereafter) along with listener's perception on them. Speech samples were acquired from 15 normal and 15 CI children. 8 SLPs(Speech Language Pathologists) perceptually evaluated affective types using Praat's ExperimentMFC. When it comes to the acoustic results, there were statistically meaningful differences between 2 groups in affective types [joy (discriminated by intensity deviation), anger (by intensity-related variables dominantly and duration-related variables partly), and sadness (by all aspects of prosodic variables)]. CI's data are much more louder when expressing joy, louder and slower when expressing anger, and higher, louder, and slower when it comes to sadness than those of NH. The listeners showed much higher correlation when evaluating normal children than CI group(p<.001). Chi-square results revealed that listeners did not show coherence at CI's utterance, but did at those of NH's (CI(p<.01), normal(p=.48)). When CI utterances were discriminated into 3 emotional types by DA(Discriminant Analysis) using 8 acoustic variables, speed related variables such as articulation rate took primary role.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.163-170
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• 2012

This thesis suggests the application to the people who are using smart phone which is based on the Android operation system that makes it available to check their call and sms by a repeater and display in the limited places such as at the swimming pool or spa. This application is designed to save user's basic information. And when the user gets a call or a sms, it can make the sender number and fundamental information a data by PhonStateListener and SmsReceiver. The data is uploaded by bluetooth of a repeater. The smart phone user can use the repeater to check the received information by display.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.931-936
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• 2002

By emphasize and enhance security in encryption of same viewdata in this research, constructed video conference system that apply real time video encryption techniques that confidentiality and integrity aspect are emphasized than video conference system that depend on existent user certification techniques. Sender's image transmits Vernam's encryption process to listener by packet. Listener can display image through image's decipher process and uncompress after unite receiving transmited image. This time, solved transmission speed delay problem by video's real time encryption using Vernam's algorithm that encryption and the decipher speed are fast. Simplification problem of Vernam algorithm wished to solve Session Key that use security Key that is used encipherment and decipher in channel between Client and Server using RSA algorithm.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.746-755
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• 2009

Recently, NMEA2000 became the de facto standard of the communication protocol for the instrument level network in vessels, and it is anticipated that most of the vessels will be equipped with the sensors and actuators based on this protocol. The conventional serial communication specifications such as RS-232, RS-485, or even NMEA0183 are single-talker/multiple-listener and interconnection among multiple sensors and/or actuators usually results in a bundle of wires. On the other hand, NMEA2000 is a true bus type(multiple-talker/multiple-listener) protocol and theoretically up to 256 instruments can be hot-plugged. With the advent of the protocol, it is necessary to consider a new type of monitoring system for the instruments in vessels: In most traditional serial communication environments, a dedicated monitor or user interface was necessary for each sensor or actuator as it was simply not easy to collect data in a single place. With NMEA2000, the collection of various types of information is simple. An embedded system can be employed to combine, to arrange and to display informations from various types of devices. Assuming that the actuators and sensors on a vessel are interconnected by NMEA2000 standard, we devise a tentative interactive vessel monitoring system in which the following 4 kinds of informations are collected and delivered: the navigation, engine, weather and tanks informations.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.608-614
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• 2008

This paper describes a location tracking system to guide landing process of an Unmanned Helicopter(UMH) exploiting MIT Cricket nodes. For automatic landing of a UMH, a precise positioning system is indispensable. However, GPS(Global Positioning System) is inadequate for tracking the three dimensional position of a UMH because of large positioning errors. The Cricket systems use Time-Difference-of-Arrival(TDoA) method with ultrasonic and RF(Radio Frequency) signals to measure distances. They operate in passive mode in that a listener attached to a moving device receives distance signals from several beacons located at fixed points on ground. Inevitably, this passive type of implementation causes large disturbances in measuring distances between beacons and the listener due to wind blow from propeller and turbulence of UMH body. To cope with this problem, we proposed active type of implementation for positioning a UMH. In this implementation, a beacon is set up at UMH body and four listeners are located at ground area at least where the UMH will land. A pair of Ultrasonic and RF signals from the beacon arrives at several listeners to calculate the position of the UMH. The distance signals among listeners are synchronized with a counter value appended to each distance signals from the beacon.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.167-179
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• 1999

The hearing mechanism is a complicated system. Sound is generated by a source that sends out air pressure or power. The pressure or power makes the sound waves. These waves reach the eardrum, or tympanic membrane, which vibrates at a rate and magnitude proportional to the nature of the sound waves. The tympanic membrane transforms this vibration into the mechanical energy in the middle ear, which in turn converts it to the hydraulic energy in the fluid of the inner ear. The hydraulic energy stimulates the sensory cells of the inner ear which send neuroelectrical impulses to the central auditory nervous system. The passive perception of auditory information starts just here. The listener gives attention to the speech sound, differentiates the sound from background noise, and integrates his experience with similar sounds. The listener then puts all of these aspects of audition into the context of the moment to identify the nature of sound. This has a major role in human communication. This paper provides an overview of the nature and characteristics of sound, the structure and function of the auditory system, and the way in which sound is processed by the auditory system.