• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1390-1398
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 액주가 가장 긴 평활류 조건하에서 여기에 동축수직하방으로 공기를 흘렸을 경우, 액주분열에 영향을 미친다고 생각되는 제 인자 즉, 액체유속, 공 기유속, 액체노즐과 공기 오리피스 직경의 비, 노즐의 형상, 기액 접촉개시 위치등을 변화시켜 분열과정 및 분열기구를 규명하고, 이류체 분사노즐의 설계기준을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.42-47
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• 2007

An analytical method for the free vibration of a flexible rectangular plate in contact with water is developed by the Rayleigh.Ritz method. The plate clamped along the edges is partially contacted with water at both sides. It is assumed that the water bounded by rigid walls is incompressible and inviscid. The wet mode shape of the plate is assumed as a combination of the dry mode shapes of a clamped beam. The liquid motion is described by using the liquid displacement potential and determined by using the compatibility conditions along the liquid interface with the plate. Minimizing the Rayleigh quotient based on the energy conservation gives an eigenvalue problem. It is found that the theoretical results can predict excellently the fluid.coupled natural frequencies comparing with the finite element analysis result.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2007

This paper relates to reducing the temperature of a cryogenic liquid by contacting it with gas bubbles, which can be characterized by diffusion-driven evaporative cooling, The characteristic of diffusion-driven evaporative cooling is thoroughly examined by theoretical. analytical and experimental methods specifically for the case of helium injection into liquid oxygen. The results reveal that if the gaseous oxygen partial pressure in helium bubbles is lower than the liquid oxygen vapor pressure, cooling occurs autonomously due to diffusion mass transfer. The method of lowering the injected helium temperature turns out to be very effective for cooling purpose.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.315-320
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• 2015

Characteristics of gas-liquid mass transfer and interfacial area were investigated in a bubble column of diameter and height of 0.102 m and 2.5 m, respectively. Effects of gas and liquid velocities on the volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient ($k_La$), interfacial area (a) and liquid side true mass transfer coefficient ($k_L$) were examined. The interfacial area and volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient were determined directly by adopting the simultaneous physical desorption of $O_2$ and chemical absorption of $CO_2$ in the column. The values of $k_La$ and a increased with increasing gas velocity but decreased with increasing liquid velocity in the bubble column which was operated in the churn turbulent flow regime. The value of $k_L$ increased with increasing gas velocity but did not change considerably with increasing liquid velocity. The liquid side mass transfer was found to be related closely to the liquid circulation as well as the effective contacting frequency between the bubbles and liquid phases.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.335-346
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• 2009

This paper deals with a hydroelastic vibration analysis of two rectangular plates partially coupled with a liquid, which is bounded by two plates and two rigid side walls. The wet displacement of each plate is assumed to be a combination of the modal functions of a dry uniform beam with a clamped boundary condition. As the liquid is assumed to be an ideal liquid, the displacement potential satisfying the Laplace equation is determined so that the liquid boundary conditions can meet the requirements at the rigid surfaces and the free liquid surface. The wet dynamic modal functions of each plate are expanded by using the finite Fourier transform to obtain an appropriate form of the compatibility requirement along the contacting surfaces between the plates and the liquid. The liquid-coupled natural frequencies of the plates are derived by using the Rayleigh-Ritz method. Finite element analyses using commercial software are carried out to verify the proposed theory. It is observed that the theoretical method agrees excellently with the three-dimensional finite element analyses results. The effects of the liquid depth and the liquid thickness on the normalized natural frequencies are investigated to identify the dynamic characteristics of the liquid coupled system.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.127-149
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• 2023

A theoretical method is developed to analyze the free vibration of an elastic annular plate in contact with an ideal liquid. The displacement potential functions of the contained liquid are expressed as a combination of the Bessel functions that satisfy the Laplace equation and the liquid boundary conditions. The compatibility condition along the interface between the annular plate and the contained liquid is taken into account to consider the fluid-structure coupling. The dynamic displacement of the wet annular plate is assumed to be a combination of dry eigenfunctions, allowing for prediction of the natural frequencies using the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The study investigates the effect of radial liquid boundary conditions on the natural frequencies of the wet annular plate, considering four types of liquid bounding: outer container bounded, outer and inner bounded, inner bounded, and radially unbounded. The proposed theoretical method is validated by comparing the predicted wet natural frequencies with those obtained from finite element analysis, showing excellent accuracy. The results indicate that the radial liquid bounding effect on the natural frequencies is negligible for the axisymmetric vibrational mode, but relatively significant for the mode with one nodal diameter (n =1) and no nodal circle (m' = 0). Furthermore, the study reveals that the wet natural frequencies are the largest for the plate with an inner bounded cylinder among the radial liquid boundary cases, regardless of the vibration mode.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제6권
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• pp.19-31
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• 1986

The residence time distribution of liquid flow in a 4.0cm diameter column packed with porous $Al_2O_3$ spheres of 0.37cm diameter were measured with pulse injections of a tracer under cocurrent trickling flow conditions. The mean residence time of liquid flow and liquid hold-up calculated by the transient curve of tracer were unaffected by gas flow rates under experimental ranges of liquid flow rates from 2.4 to $4.5(kg/m^2\;sec)$ and gas flow rates from 0 to $0.13(kg/m^2\;sec)$. The axial dispersion coefficient of liquid stream and apparent diffusivity of tracer in a micropore of solid particle were estimated from the response curve of tracer. The calculated Peclet No. were increased in ranges of 68-to 82 with a increasing of liquid mass velocity, and the external effective contacting efficiency between liquid and solid which can be expressed. by $(D_i)_{app}/D_i$ varied in ranges of 0.54 to 0.68 depending on the liquid flow rates. The gas to liquid(water) volumetric mass transfer coefficient were determined from desorption experiments with oxygen at $25^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. The measured mass transfer coefficients were increased with liquid flow rates and the effect of gas flow rates on the mass transfer coefficient was insignificant.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.665-688
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• 2011

This paper presents a theoretical analysis for the free vibration of rectangular tanks partially filled with an ideal liquid. Wet dynamic displacements of the tanks are approximated by combining the orthogonal polynomials satisfying the boundary conditions, since the rectangular tanks are composed of four rectangular plates. The classical boundary conditions of the tanks at the top and bottom ends are considered, such as clamped, simply supported, and clamped-free boundary conditions. As the facing rectangular plates are assumed to be geometrically and structurally identical, the vibration modes of the facing plates of the tanks can be divided into two categories: symmetric and antisymmetric modes with respect to the planes passing through the center of the tanks and perpendicular to the free liquid surface. The liquid displacement potentials satisfying the Laplace equation and liquid boundary conditions are derived, and the wet dynamic modal functions of a quarter of the tanks can be expanded by the finite Fourier transform for compatibility requirements along the contacting surfaces between the tanks and liquid. An eigenvalue problem is derived using the Rayleigh-Ritz method. Consequently, the wet natural frequencies of the rectangular tanks can be extracted. The proposed analytical method is verified by observing an excellent agreement with three-dimensional finite element analysis results. The effects of the liquid level and boundary condition at the top and bottom edges are investigated.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2001

Condensation of vapor on solid inherently accompanies generation of liquid drops on the solid surface. However, these drops prevent the solid surface from directly contacting the saturated vapor, thus causing thermal resistance. This work investigates a novel mechanism for enhancing the condensation process, in which the condensed drops are rapidly removed from a solid surface by imposing vibration on them. In the experiments, a water drop pendant from a solid surface is vibrated at a fixed frequency while increasing the vibration amplitude. Upon repeating the experiments using various frequencies, it is revealed that there exist resonant frequencies at which the minimum vibration amplitudes inducing a fall-off of the pendant drops are remarkably less than those at neighboring frequencies. These frequencies are supposed to correspond to the resonant frequencies for different modes of drop shape oscillations. They are compared with the resonant frequencies predicted by relatively simple analyses, and the factors causing discrepancy between then are discussed.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1993년도 춘계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.25-27
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• 1993

Multiphase equilibrium-based processes for separation and purification generally utilize dispersed systems in which one phase is dispersed in the other as bubbles or drops or thin films. Using microporous membranes, novel techniques have been developed such that multiphase processes can now be carried out in a nondispersive fashion for gas-liquid (Sirkar, 1992) and liquid-liquid (Prasad and Sirkar, 1992) contacting processes. Among such processes, only nondispersive solvent extraction of pollutants using microporous membranes will be of concern here. These processes employ immobilized immiscible phase interfaces at the pore mouths in a microporous membrane. Through such interfaces, solutes are extracted into the solvent as two immiscible phases flow on two sides of a microporous membrane. Many advantages of such a technique over conventional dispersion-based extractors have been summarized (Prasad and Sirkar, 1992).