• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.307-307
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• 2006

The reduction behavior of silver ions to silver nanoparticles is an important research topic in polymer/silver salt complex membranes for facilitated olefin transport, because it has a significant effect on the long-term stability of membrane performance. In this study, the effects of solvent on the formation of silver nanoparticles and long-term membrane performance in polymer/silver salt complex membrane were investigated. This effect was assessed for the complexes of poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) $(PVP)/AgBF_{4}$ with the use of ionic liquid (IL), acetonitrile (ACN) and water as a solvent. Membrane performance test shows that long-term stability is strongly dependent on the kind of solvent and arranged: IL > ACN >> water.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.108-111
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• 2006

The economic and effective method for preparation of R-(-)-ibuprofen by diastereomer crystallization was developed. R-(-)-ibuprofen was resolved from racemic ibuprofen by forming R-(-)ibuprofen-R-(+)-$\alpha$-methylbenzylamine diastereomeric salt with R-(+)-$\alpha$-methylbenzylamine and crystallization. The purity of R-(-)-ibuprofen-R-(+)-$\alpha$-methylbenzylamine diastereomeric salt was tested and confirmed using HPLC and $^1H-NMR$ method. The pure diastereomeric salt collected from repeated recrystallization was further fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction to the pure enantiomer without racemization. R-(-)-ibuprofen was recovered producing overall yield of 2.4% with the purity more than 99.97%.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2010

Sodium sulfate is commonly added in reactive dyebath in order to increase substantivity of the reactive dye to cellulose fiber by reducing repulsion between anionic dye and fiber. While sodium sulfate is mostly used in solid form, it is inconvenient to dissolve a large amount of powder sodium sulfate. Furthermore, if there is undissolved salt in dyebath it might cause unlevel dyeing. In this study, sodium sulfate in liquid or solid form was used in dyeing of cellulose fabric with reactive dyes of three primary color and the effect of type or amount of sodium sulfate on dyeing and fastness properties was investigated. When the amount of sodium sulfate rose to 30-50 g/l, K/S value of the dyed fabric markedly increased; further rise in sodium sulfate concentration resulted in slow increase in K/S value. For light color, optimum amount was about 30 g/l in solid form and 50-100 g/l in liquid form while, for medium to deep color, it was 50 g/l and 100-150 g/l in solid and liquid form, respectively. When using each optimum amount of salt in solid or liquid form for medium color, shape of dyeing curve as well as exhaustion was similar to each other. On the whole, similar color fastness results were obtained regardless of type or amount of sodium sulfate.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 2002

The E.M.F of the galvanic cell with fused salt was measured to determine the activities of zinc at 700-820K over the entire composition range of liquid Zn-Cd alloys. The cell used was as follows: (-) W ｜ Zn(pure) $Zn^{2+}(KCI-LiCl)$ ｜ Zn(in Zn-Cd alloy) ｜ W (+) The activities of zinc in the alloys showed positive deviation from Raoult's law over the entire composition range. The activity of cadmium and some thermodynamic functions such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, entropy were derived from the results by the thermodynamic relationship. The comparison of the results and the literature data was made. The liquid Zn-Cd alloy is found to be close to the regular solution. The concentration fluctuations in long wavelength limit, $S_{cc}(o)$, in the liquid alloy was calculated from the results.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.1866-1870
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• 2019

Residual salt separation is an essential step in pyroprocessing because its reaction products, as prepared by electrochemical unit processes, contain frozen residual electrolyte species, which are generally composed of alkali-metal chloride salts (e.g., LiCl, KCl). In this study, a simple technique that utilizes high-temperature gas flux as a driving force to melt and push out the residual salt in the reaction products was developed. This technique is simple as it only requires the use of a heating gun in combination with a gas injection system. Consequently, $LiNO_3-ZrO_2$ and $LiCl-ZrO_2$ mixtures were successfully separated by the high-temperature gas injection (separation efficiency > 93%), thereby demonstrating the viability of this simple technique for residual salt separation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.339-340
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• 2017

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.527-534
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• 1997

Freezing of an aqueous sodium cWoride solution (Nacl- H20) saturating a packed bed with ini¬tial salt concentrations of 5, 10, 15(k by weight is investigated experimentally in a rectangular cav¬ity. The system was cooled from the top, bottom and a vertical side wall. For the freezing experi¬ments from below, there was little effect of the initial salt concentration throughout the freezing process, and the global freezing rate was not affected by the initial salt concentration. For the freezing from above, the size of the mush region decreased and the mushlliquid interface became flatter as the initial liquid concentration is decreased. For the freezing from vertical side wall, reheating of the mixture was intensified with an increase in the initial salt concentration. For Ci= 5%, supercooling was observed only at the early times of freezing process, but for Ci= 15% small supercooling was observed throughout the freezing process.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2024

A series of experiments were performed to produce a fuel source for a molten salt reactor (MSR) through pyroprocessing technology. A simulated LiCl-KCl-UCl₃-NdCl₃ salt system was prepared, and the U element was fully recovered using a liquid cadmium cathode (LCC) by applying a constant current. As a result, the salt was purified with an UCl₃ concentration lower than 100 ppm. Subsequently, the U/RE ingot was prepared by melting U and RE metals in Y₂O₃ crucible at 1473 K as a surrogate for RE-rich ingot product from pyroprocessing. The produced ingot was sliced and used as a working electrode in LiCl-KCl-LaCl₃ salt. Only RE elements were then anodically dissolved by applying potential at - 1.7 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The RE-removed ingot product was used to produce UCl₃ via the reaction with NH4Cl in a sealed reactor.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2007

A general method to formulate the tissue-equivalent liquids for SAR measurement is proposed to make sucrose-free brain tissue applicable at 835 MHz as an example We suggest the tissue composition can be determined by measuring the dielectric constants and conductivities with the DI water and salt addition variation to the pre-manufactured auxiliary liquid of DGBE and TritonX-100 The manufactured liquid satisfies the specified electrical parameters of international standard at 835 MHz.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.922-932
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• 2024

This paper presents the design features and preliminary design analysis results of the Wielenga Innovation Static Salt Reactor (WISSR). The WISSR incorporates features that make it both flexible and inherently safe. It is based on innovative technology that controls a nuclear reactor by moving molten salt fuel into or out of the core. The reactor is a low-pressure, fast spectrum transuranic (TRU) burner reactor. Inherent shutdown is achieved by a large negative reactivity feedback of the liquid fuel and by the expansion of fuel out of the core. The core is made of concentric, thin annular fuel chambers containing molten fuel salt. A molten salt coolant passes between the concentric fuel chambers to cool the core. The core has both fixed and variable volume fuel chambers. Pressure, applied by helium gas to fuel reservoirs below the core, pushes fuel out of a reservoir and up into a set of variable volume chambers. A control system monitors the density and temperature of the fuel throughout the core. Using NaCl-(TRU,U)Cl₃ fuel and NaCl-KCl-MgCl₂ coolant, a road-transportable compact WISSR core design was developed at a power level of 1250 MWt. Preliminary neutronics and thermal-hydraulics analyses demonstrate the technical feasibility of WISSR.