• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.82-83
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• 2001

LAS(Linear Alkylbenzene sulfonate)를 $TiO_2$ 광촉매를 사용하여 분해시켰을 때 실험조건에 변화를 주어 반응시간에 따른 제거효율을 비교하는 실험을 수행하였다. pH 변화에 의해서는 산성과 중성 영역이 알카리성 영역에 비해 제거효율이 우수하였으며, 파장영역은 254nm > 312nm > 365nm의 순서로 나타났다. UV/$TiO_2$ 공정과 UV/$TiO_2$$H_2O_2$공정을 비교해보면 $H_2O_2$의 첨가에 의한 제거효율이 다소 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.73-75
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• 1987

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) from the mixture of anionic and nonionic detergents (containing amide type and alkylphenoxy polyethanol type) is identified by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, separated using physical properties (solubility) and determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

• 분석과학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 1998

현재 국내에서 시판 중인 샴푸와 의류용 분말세제 중 대표적인 제품(샴푸6종, 의류용 분말세제 6종)을 대상으로 계면활성제의 생분해도를 측정하고, 부영양화의 원인이 되는 인산염의 함유 여부와 인체에도 직접적인 영향을 미치는 중금속(Pb, Cd, As 및 Hg)을 분석하였다. 분석결과 샴푸와 의류용 분말세제 시료 전제품이 KS규격에 모두 적합하였다. 그러나 sodium ${\alpha}$-olefin sulfonate(AOS), linear alkylbenzene sulfonate(LAS) 및 합성 sodium lauryl etoxylate sulfonate(SLES) 성분이 상대적으로 다량 포함되어 있는 제품의 생분해도가 느리다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이들 계면활성제가 석유계라는 사실로부터 천연 추출 계면활성제보다 생분해도가 낮다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 인산염과 중금속 함유량은 모두 화장품기준에 적합한 우수한 제품인 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.131-137
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• 1998

토양으로부터 분리한 호알칼리성 세균 Pseudomonas sp. AC-711 균주의 배양여액으로 부터 황산암모늄 침전, DEAE-Sephadex A50 이온교환 크로마토그래피 및 Sephadex G-150 겔 여과의 과정을 거쳐 비활성이 9.4배 향상된 정제효소를 얻었다. 정제효소를 전기이동법으로 확인한 결과 미량의 타효소 성분이 혼재되어 있는 부분정제 효소임을 확인하였으며, 주성분의 분자량은 46,000이었다. 정제효소의 CMC에 대한 Km값은 $15.4mg\;mL^{-1}$ 이었으며, Vmax 값은 $4.17{\mu}moles\;mL^{-1}\;min^{-1}$이었다. 정제 효소의 열 및 안정성의 범위는 $60^{\circ}C$ 이하, pH 4.0~11.0 이었으며 작용최적 온도는 $60^{\circ}C$, 최적 pH는 8.0이었다. 정제효소의 CMCase 활성도는 0.05%의 ${\alpha}$-Olefin sulfonate, Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, Sodium doecylsulfate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide 및 Tween 80등의 계면활성제에 영향을 받지 않았으며, $Ca^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$등에 의하여 부활되는 반면에 $Hg^{2+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$등은 효소활성을 저해하였다. 또한 정제효소는 결정형 섬유소보다 CMC에 대한 활성이 높았고, 낮은 수준의 xylan및 pNPG에 대한 분해력을 가지고 있으며, pectin과 inulin에는 작용하지 못하였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.133-143
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• 1991

As the result of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the surfactant mixture, the main surfactant of the fast biodegradable detergent which were derived from vegetable oil was Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. The Detergents contained sodium lauryl sulfate, nonionic surfactant, soap, etc, as the rest sufactants. Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate and ${alpha}-Olefin$ Sulfonate which were derived from petroleum were not detected. The biodegradation rate of the detergent prepared from vegetable oil was faster than that of the detergent derived from petroleum stood in 7 days.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.757-763
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to delineate removal efficiency of the Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates(LAS) in solution by $TiO_2$ photocatalytic oxidation as a function of the following different experimental conditions : initial concentration of LAS, $TiO_2$ concentration, UV wavelength and pH of the solution. It was increased with decreasing initial concentration of LAS and with decreasing pH of the solution. Removal efficiency increased with increasing $TiO_2$ concentration but was almost the same at $TiO_2$ concentration of 2 g/L and 3 g/L, i.e., for initial LAS concentration of 50 mg/L. It was removal efficiency was 85% at 150 min in the case of $TiO_2$ concentration of 0.5 g/L but 100% after 150 min in the case of $TiO_2$ concentration of 1 g/L, 100% after 110 min in the case of $TiO_2$ concentration of 2 g/L and 3 g/L. UV wavelength affection on the removal efficiency of LAS decreased in the order of 254, 312 and 365 nm as increasing wavelength. But the removal efficiency of LAS was nearly the same at UV wavelength of 254 nm and 312 nm.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제7권
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• pp.59-68
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• 1987

In order to obtain a strain of producing lipase which has resistance against alkaline and detergent, a screening test was carried out. Among 500 strains isolated from soil samples, the strain J-19 was selected for this study. The composition of the optimum medium for the highest lipase production was 2.0% glycerin, 1.0% corn steep liquor, 2.0% yeast extract, 0.1% $MgSO_4$ $7H_2O$, 0.2% $K_2HPO_4$, 1.5% soybean oil and 0.1% LAS(linear alkylbenzene sulfonate) with initial pH value of 10.0 and 3-day cultivation at $25^{\circ}C$. The lipase activity of the strain J-19 under optimal condition was 3.3. units/ml, which was increased about 1.3-fold than that of basal medium.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.341-349
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• 1998

To analyze the effects of surfactants on the biosynthesis of galactolipid and the composition of fatty acids, the chloroplast envelope and thylakoid membrane were cultivated in medium treated with anionic surfactants, such as linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (0.002%, LAS), a-olefin sulfonate (O.01%, AOS), and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (0.08%, SLES), respectively. During the cultivation, the chloroplast envelope and thylakoid membrane were isolated from the cells collected at the early and middle phase of the culture and the contents of their fatty acid composition were compared with the control. When treated with surfactants, the contents of total lipid MDGD methylesters, and DGDG methylesters decreased significantly when compared with the control. It was also confirmed that more unsaturated fatty acids were involved in the biosynthesis of galactolipid. The fatty acids utilized in the biosynthesis of MGDG were in the chloroplast envelope and in the control, and linoleic acid in LAS, linolenic acid and oleic acid in AOS, and linolenic acid and oleic acid in SLES. The fatty acids in the biosynthesis of DGDG were linolenic acid and oleic acid in the control linolenic acid and stearic acid in LAS, oleic acid and linolenic acid in AOS, oleic acid and linolenic acid in SLES. In the thylakoid membrane, the major fatty acids in the biosynthesis of MGDG were linolenic acid and oleic acid in the control, oleic acid and linolenic acid in LAS, linolenic acid and linoleic acid in AOS, linolenic acid and palmitoleic acid in SLES. The fatty acids in the biosynthesis of DGDG were linolenic acid and oleic acid in the control, oleic acid and linolenic acid in LAS, linolenic acid and linoleic acid in AOS, palmitoleic acid and oleic acid in SLES.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제7권3_4호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1992

Recently, concerns of water pollution and health risks caused by synthetic detergents have emerged, as the use of various detergents has increased It has been suggested that some surfactants are cocarcinogens. The surfactants tested were linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleat (tween 80), and the mutagens were 1-nitropyrene, N -methyl- N'-nitro-N -nitrosoguanidine, benzo (a) pyrene, and aflatoxin B$_1$. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of surfactants on the activity of mytagens using the Ames mutagenic assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The surfactants have no mutagenic activity of themselves. 2. Higher doses of surfactants than 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate reduced the number of revertants. It is assumed that the reduction would inhibited cell growth. 3. When the comutagenic ratio is defined as the ratio between mutagenic activity itself and the activity with mutagen and surfactant (drinking water quality standard), LAS showed the comutagenic ratio 0.86-1.17 and SLS 0.74-1.10 as well. According to the comparisons, it could not be recognised for the comutagenicity of drinking water quality standard of surfactant. 4. As increasing the amount of mutagens, the designated amount of surfactant did not affected the mutagen's activity statistically. From the above result, syunthetic surfactants do not present mutagenicity and comutagenicity in the microbial assay.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.163-169
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• 1993

ICR 마우스를 이용하여 계면 활성제인 LAS-Na 와 MES의 급성 경구독성을 실시하였다. 6주령된 마우스 LAS-Na는 0, 1,000, 1,320, 1,780, 2,280, 3,000 mg/kg의 용량으로 MES는 0, 1,000, 1,560, 2,450, 3,830, 6,000mg/kg의 용량으로 1회 경구 투여한 후 14일간 관찰하였다. 두 물질 모두 관찰 기간동안 대조군에 비하여 유의성 있는 체중변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 시험물질과 관련된 주요 임상증상으로는 설사, 활동성 감소, 입모 등이 관찰되었다. 사체에 대한 부검결과 시험물질에 의한 것으로 판단되는 소장 점막의 충혈이 소수례 관찰되었으며, 생존 동물에서는 특이한 만한 이상소견은 발견되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로부터 $LD_{50}$값은 LAS-Na의 경우 수컷과 암컷에서 각각 1,319 mg/kg, 1,402 mg/kg이었으며, MES의 경우 수컷에서는 2,040 mg/kg, 암컷에서는 2,546 mg/kg으로 산출되었다.