• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2010년 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.245-247
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• 2010

This research presents both system structure analysis to improve performance of 3D laser scanner, which has time of flight method, and scheme to minimize distance measurement errors during signal process. With the help of reference source, we minimized the instability of electronic signal processing time and possibility of distance measurement errors. Furthermore, it helps easy alignment and accuracy of system by using fiber delay line and coupler.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2010

Robot path generation and laser welding technology for manufacturing automotive body are studied. Laser welding and industrial robot systems are used with the robot based laser welding system. The laser system used in this study is 1.6kW Fiber laser, while the robot system is 6 axes Industrial robot (payload: 130kg). The robot based laser welding system is equipped with laser scanner system for remote laser welding. The laser source, robot and laser scanner system are used to increase the processing speed and to improve the process efficiency. The welding joints of steel plate are butt and lapped joints. The quality test of the laser welding are through the observation the shape of bead on plate and cross-section of welding part. The 3 dimensional laser welding for non-linear pipe welding line is performed. This paper introduces the robot based laser welding system to resolve the limited welding speed and accuracy of the conventional spot welding system.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2013

To engrave high-density circuit-line patterns in IC substrates, we applied a projection ablation technique in which a dielectric ($ZrO_2/SiO_2$) mask, a DPSS UV laser instead of an excimer laser, a refractive beam shaping optics and a galvo scanner are used. The line/space dimension of line patterns of the dielectric mask is $10{\mu}m/10{\mu}m$. Using a ${\pi}$ -shaper and a square aperture, the Gaussian beam from the laser is shaped into a square flap-top beam; and a telecentric f-${\theta}$ lens focuses it to a $115{\mu}m{\times}105{\mu}m$ flat-top beam on the mask. The galvo scanner before the f-${\theta}$ lens moves the beam across the scan area of $40mm{\times}40mm$. An 1:1 projection lens was used. Experiments showed that the widths of the engraved patterns in a buildup film ranges from $8.1{\mu}m$ to $10.2{\mu}m$ and the depths from $8.8{\mu}m$ to $11.7{\mu}m$. Results indicates that it is required to increase the projection ratio to enhance profiles of the engraved patterns.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.513-518
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• 2016

본 논문은 라인 레이저 기반 3차원 스캐너에서 투영을 이용한 고속 메쉬 생성 방법을 제안한다. 3차원 공간에서의 메쉬를 생성하기 위한 가장 알려진 방법은 3차원의 점을 4차원으로 변환하고 4차원 컨벡스 헐(convex hull)을 구축하는 방법을 활용한다. 이런 방법은 많은 수의 점 데이터를 가지는 3D 스캔 결과에서는 메쉬를 만들 때 시간이 많이 요구된다. 제안하는 방법에서는 라인 레이저 스캐너에서 중간에 얻어지는 (${\theta}$, y, z)축의 점 정보를 투영하여 얻어진 (${\theta}-y$) 2차원 깊이 지도를 메쉬 생성에 활용한다. 제안된 방법은 2D 영역에서 수행되기 때문에 메쉬를 구성하는 시간이 상당히 단축된다. 제안하는 방법을 평가하기 위해서 라인 레이저 기반 스캐너의 중간 데이터를 이용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과는 제안된 방법이 기존방법보다 고속 메시 생성에서 우수함을 보여준다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2021

In the early days of laser invention, it was simply used as a measuring tool, but as lasers became more common, they became an indispensable processing tool in the industry. Short-wavelength lasers are used to make patterns on wafers used in semiconductors depending on the wavelength, such as CO2 laser, YAG laser, green laser, and UV laser. At first, the hole of the PCB board mainly used for electronic parts was not thin and the hole size was large, so a mechanical drill was used. However, in order to realize product miniaturization and high integration, small hole processing lasers have become essential, and pattern exposure for small hole sizes has become essential. This paper intends to analyze the characteristics through patterns by exposing the PCB substrate through DMD and polygon scanner, which are different optical systems. Since the optical systems are different, the size of the patterns was made the same, and exposure was performed under the optimal conditions for each system. Pattern characteristics were analyzed through a 3D profiler. As a result of the analysis, there was no significant difference in line width between the two systems. However, it was confirmed that dmd had better pattern precision and polygon scanner had better productivity.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2014

To directly engrave circuit-line patterns as wide as $6{\mu}m$ in a buildup film to be used as an IC substrate, we applied a projection ablation technique in which an 8 inch dielectric ($ZrO_2/SiO_2$) mask, a DPSS 355nm laser instead of an excimer laser, a ${\pi}$-shaper and a galvo scanner are used. With the ${\pi}$-shaper and a square aperture, the Gaussian beam from the laser is shaped into a square flap-top beam. The galvo scanner before the $f-{\theta}$ lens moves the flat-top beam ($115{\mu}m{\times}105{\mu}m$) across the 8 inch dielectric mask whose patterned area is $120mm{\times}120mm$. Based on the results of the previous research by the authors, the projection ratio was set at 3:1. Experiments showed that the average width and depth of the engraved patterns are $5.41{\mu}m$ and $7.30{\mu}m$, respectively.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.965-971
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• 2015

This paper suggests a feature point-based Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm to compensate for the disparity error in building a two-dimensional map. The ICP algorithm is a typical algorithm for matching a common object in two different images. In the process of building a two-dimensional map using the laser scanner data, warping and distortions exist in the map because of the disparity between the two sensor values. The ICP algorithm has been utilized to reduce the disparity error in matching the scanned line data. For this matching process in the conventional ICP algorithm, pre-known reference data are required. Since the proposed algorithm extracts characteristic points from laser-scanned data, reference data are not required for the matching. The laser scanner starts from the right side of the mobile robot and ends at the left side, which causes disparity in the scanned line data. By finding the matching points between two consecutive frame images, the motion vector of the mobile robot can be obtained. Therefore, the disparity error can be minimized by compensating for the motion vector caused by the mobile robot motion. The validity of the proposed algorithm has been verified by comparing the proposed algorithm in terms of map-building accuracy to conventional ICP algorithm real experiments.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 - 한국공작기계학회
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• pp.99-104
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• 1999

This paper proposes an efficient method constructing a local map using the data of a scanning laser range finder. A laser range finder yields distance data of polar form, that is, distance data corresponding to every scanning directions. So, the data consists of directional angle and distance. We propose a new method to find a line fitting with a set of such data. The method uses Log-Hough Transformation. Usually, map building from these data requires some transformations between different coordinate systems. The new method alleviates such complication. Also, the method simplifies computation for line recognition and eliminates the slope quantization problems inherent in the classical Cartesian Hough transform method. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, it is applied to find a local map using the data from a laser range finder PLS(Proximity Laser Scanner, made by SICK).

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.638-643
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• 2017

3D 레이저 스캐너는 센서로부터 목표물까지 거리를 측정하는 방식으로 작동되며, 광파거리 측정기와 동일한 원리로 작동된다. 최근 3차원 데이터의 수요 및 활용이 급격히 증가함에 따라 레이저 스캔 관련 기술이 빠르게 발달하고 있으며, 이로 인해 과거에 비해 공간상의 대상물에 대한 위치 정보를 쉽게 취득할 수 있게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 3D 레이저 스캐너와 토털스테이션을 통합한 새로운 장비를 활용하여 공간정보를 구축하고, 기존 작업방법과 비교 분석을 통해 공간정보 구축을 위한 새로운 기술의 활용 가능성을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 3D 레이저 스캐너와 토털스테이션 통합에 의한 공간정보 구축의 효율성을 제시할 수 있었다. 제안한 방법은 기존의 토털스테이션을 이용하는 방법보다 데이터 취득에 소요되는 시간을 단축시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 취득된 데이터를 이용한 단면도 생성, 체적산출 등 다양한 활용이 가능하였다. 향후 3D 레이저 스캐너와 토털스테이션 통합에 의한 공간정보 구축 방법은 관련분야의 작업 효율성 향상에 크게 기여할 것이다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2009

청소로봇이나 경비로봇과 같이 실내에서 이동하며 작업하는 로봇에서는 센서를 통한 환경의 인식이 필수적이다. 사무실 빌딩이나 공동주택의 경우 기본적인 환경이 동일하므로 설계도와 같은 공통된 지도를 이용하면 개별 환경마다 지도를 재작성하는 것보다 유리한 점이 있다. 이때 가구나 장애물 등 위치가 바뀔 수 있는 대상의 정보는 제거하고, 벽, 문, 창 등 불변의 대상을 인식하는 것이 중요하다. 이 논문에서는 사무실이나 가정환경에서 사용할 수 있는 실험용 이동로봇을 구현하고, 레이저스캐너의 정보와 세그먼트의 방향, 위치에 의한 히스토그램 방법을 이용하여 이와 같은 불변의 특징을 추출한다. 로봇에는 레이저스캐너, 자이로 센서, 초음파 센서, 적외선 센서 등이 탑재되며 제어프로그램은 C 프로그램으로 작성되었다.