• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1385-1389
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• 2003

본 연구는 표준 경작법으로 재배한 육성 품종 5종(광안, 대안, 대진, 수라, 화성)의 현미와 백미의 품종간 단백질과 아미노산 함량을 분석하고, 단백질의 화학적 질적 가치를 알아보고자 하였다. 단백질 함량은 현미에서는 대진벼(7.98%)>대안벼ㆍ화성벼(7.46%)>수라벼 (7.03%)>광안벼(6.70%) 순이었고, 백미에서는 대진벼(7.52%)>대안벼(6.90%)>화성벼(6.78%)>수라벼(6.64%)>광안벼(6.08%) 순으로 대진벼가 단백질 함량이 다른 품종에 비하여 가장 높았다. 총 아미노산에 대한 총 필수아미노산의 비율을 보면, 현미는 36.8∼38.3%이었으며, 백미는 35.8∼37.7%으로 화성벼가 가장 높았고, 대안벼가 가장 낮았다. 쌀의 모든 품종에서 가장 많이 함유된 아미노산인 Glx(glutamate+glutamine)은 현미에서 900.5∼965.9 mg/g N, 백미에서 1003.3∼1058.5 mg/g N으로 분석되었다. 현미와 백미의 아미노산 함량은 Glx>Asx>arginine>leucine>valine순이었다. A/E비 화학가는 현미에서 수라벼>화성벼>대진벼>대안벼>광안벼 순이었고, 백미에서 수라벼>광안벼>대안벼>대진벼>화성벼 순이었다. A/T비 화학가는 현미에서는 화성벼>대진벼>수라벼ㆍ광안벼>대안벼 순이었고, 백미에서는 광안벼>대진벼>수라벼>화성벼>대안벼 순이었으며, 제 1제한 아미노산은 lysine으로 판정 되었다. Protein score와 amino acid score에서 제 1제 한 아미노산은 lysine이었고, 제 2제 한 아미노산은 threonine, 그리고 제 3제한 아미노산은 isoleucine이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine the effects of amino acid-enriched ruminally protected fatty acid (AARPFA) on plasma fatty acids and amino acids, growth performance and carcass characteristics of Korean native steers (Hanwoo) by simultaneous supply of fatty acids and limiting amino acids (methionine and lysine). Eighteen finishing Hanwoo steers, 18 months of age and weighing an average of $459.0{\pm}38.9\;kg$, were used for studies of the metabolism of plasma fatty acids and amino acids during supplementation of AARPFA. Also, 45 finishing Hanwoo steers, 16 months of age and weighing an average of $408.6{\pm}26.5\;kg$, were used for growth performance and carcass characteristics during supplemention of AARPFA. There were three treatments which comprised a basal diet supplemented with AARPFA at 0 g (T1), 50 g (T2) or 100 g (T3), respectively. Concentrations of saturated, unsaturated and total fatty acids in plasma were increased in T3 compared with other treatments (p<0.05). Concentrations of methionine and lysine in plasma were linearly increased with increasing levels of AARPFA (p<0.01). Average daily gain, dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio were not different among the treatments. Marbling score measured by ultra-sound scanning was higher in T3 than in T1 at 24 months of age (p<0.05). Rib eye area, back fat thickness, yield index and yield grade score were similar across the treatments. Marbling score and quality grade score were higher in T3 compared with other treatments (p<0.01). Thus, plasma fatty acids, methionine and lysine metabolism were affected by supplementing with 100 g of AARPFA which also had positive effects on marbling score and meat quality grade of finishing Hanwoo steers.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1988

배아를 제거한 일반계 및 다수계 현미 각 3품종을 평균 5%씩 3회 도정하고, 각 분획 및 잔유립의 아미노산과 지방산 조성을 조사하였다. 각 도정 분획별 아미노산의 분포는 품종간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 페닐 알라딘, 글리신 및 이소로이신의 함량은 품종간에 25%이상의 차이를 보였으며, 이들 아미노산을 제외한 다른 아미노산의 최고값과 최저값의 차이는 평균 14.5%이었다. 도정 분회간의 아미노산 함량의 차이를 보면 품종에 따른 차이는 $9.8{\sim}14.5%$ 이었으며, 세린 및 히스티딘의 차이가 심하였다. 리진의 함량은 분획 I 및 II에서 가장 높았으며, 이소로이신은 리진과는 반대로 분획 III 및 잔유립에서 그 함량이 높았다. 각 분획의 제 1제한 아미노산은 현미와 마찬가지로 리진이었으나, 제 2제한 아미노산은 트레오닌이었다. 각 도정 분회별 지방산의 분포는 품종간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 잔유립의 미리스트산(14 ; 0), 팔미트산(16 : 0), 팔미트레산(16 : 1) 및 스테아르산(18 : 0)의 함량은 분획 $I{\sim}III$보다 높았으며, 리놀렌산(18 : 3)은 다소 낮았다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2015

In this study, the thermal treatment yam (Dioscorea batatas DECNE.) was analyzed for its proximate and nutritional compositions including mineral, vitamin, amino acids and fatty acids. Thermal treatment yam is mainly consisted of carbohydrate (70.3%) with small amounts of crude protein (15.8%), crude ash (5.1%) and crude fat (1.6%). It was found to be a good source of essential minerals such as K (1100.2 mg/100 g), Mg (99.4 mg/100 g), Ca (54.8 mg/100 g) and Na (44.9 mg/100 g) but Zn (4.8 mg/100 g) and Fe (0.2 mg/100g) content was low. Little amounts of vitamin E (8.3 mg/100g), vitamin C (3.5 mg/100g) and vitamin B1 (2.1 mg/100g) could be found. The amino acid analysis revealed that the yam was superior with respect to serine (1454.2 mg%), lysine (684.6 mg%) and histidine (684.6 mg%). Essential amino acids were calculated to be 2849.3 mg%. The amino acid profiles showed that thermal treatment yam is limiting in isoleucine and phenylaline. Linoleic acid was the most predominant fatty acids with the value of 47.3% followed by palmitic acid (24.7%) and oleic acid (12.7%). And the unsaturated fatty acids including oleic acid and linoleic acid were present in big quantities in thermal treatment yam.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.424-439
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• 1990

땅콩 보존품종에 대한 단백질 특성을 조사하여 고단백 유전자원을 선발하고 아미노산 함량의 품종 및 환경변이를 밝혀 고단백 양질 아미노산 조성 품종육성을 위한 자료를 얻을 목적으로 시험하였다. 작물시험장에서 수집한 땅콩 164품종의 단백질 함량을 분석하였으며, 5개 지역에서 재배된 9개 장려품종의 아미노산 변이와 분획 단백질의 아미노산 특성 차이를 검토하였다. 1. 공시된 땅콩 164품종의 평균 단백질 함량은 24.5%였으며 최고 28.7%, 최저 19.5%로 9.2%의 변이를 보였다. 2. 초형에 따른 단백질 차이는 적었으며, 립중에 따라서는 소립이 대립중에 비해 단백질 함량이 높았으며 특히 Spanish type 품종에서 립중에 따른 단백질 차이가 컸다. 3. 품종의 도입지역에 따라서는 대만이나 Philippine 품종들이 단백질 함량이 높았고 국내 육성품종과 일본품종은 낮았다. 4. 단백질 함량과 100립중, 주당협실중 간에는 부의 상관을 보였으나 유의성은 인정되지 않았고, 기름함량과는 정의 상관을 나타냈다. 5. 품종 및 재배지역에 따른 필수 아미노산과 반아미노산 총량의 차이가 있었으며 aspartic acid도 품종과 지역간 차이가 인정되었고, arginine, lysine, methionine, glutamic acid, glycine, tyrosine은 지역간 차이가 phenylalanine은 품종차이가 있었다. 6. 땅콩 장려품종에서의 제한 아미노산은 isoleucine, methionine, threonine, arginine, lysine이었다. 7. 단백질 fraction별로 볼 때 아미노산은 prolamins, globulins, glutelins, albumin순으로 많았으며 필수아미노산 비율은 globulins에서 가장 많았다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.562-567
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• 2001

In order to utilize okara protein as a food auditive, nutritional composition of soymilk okara was investigated. Protein in okara Is highly insoluble due to excessive heat treatment during soymilk processing. Protein content of okara was 37.3% as compared to 42.5 % for soybean. Carbohydrate and lipid contents of okara were 40.6% and 17.9%, respectively. Okara lipid extracted with chloroform-methanol consisted of neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid, with neutral lipid making up 98.6% . Linoleic acid, ileic acid, and palmitic acids accounted for about 80% of the total fatty acids with linoleic acid sharing 50.3% of the total. Amino acid composition of okara protein was dissimilar to that of soy Protein : Cysteine was totally absent in okara while lysine, which is the limiting amino acid of soy protein, was present in higher amount in okara on dry weight basis. Both aqueous extract of okara protein and soy Protein were found to have ACE inhibitory activity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.90-92
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• 1983

겉보리(올보리와 강보리) 및 쌀보리(세도하다가와 백동)를 각각 도정수율 60 및 70%로 도정하고, 무기질 및 아미노산을 분석하였다. 무기질 함량은 대체로 $P>K>Ca{\geqq}Mg>Na$의 순이었다. 쌀보리의 무기질 함량은 인을 제외하고는 모두 겉보리의 무기질 함량과 비슷하였다. 아미노산 함량은 올보리가 낮았고, 기타 품종 간에는 차이가 없었다. 단백질의 아미노산 값은 올보리가 70, 기타는 60 근처이었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 1992

1. Amino acid compositions were determined by amino acid analyzer. Through the analysis of these samples, it was found that glutamic acid was the most abundant; glycine, aspartic acid, lysine and threonine were rich; and tryptophan and methionine were the limiting amino acid. 2. Albumins, globulins, gliadins and glutelins were extracted from the Kangwon hull, Kangwon rice buckwheat, and wheat. The relative proportions of protein fractions were 52.45 : 10.14 : 16.61 : 20.80% in Kangwon hull buckwheat, 21.10 : 13.80 : 28.40 : 36.70% in Kangwon rice buckwheat and 6.87 : 1.65 : 42.85 : 48.6% in wheat, in the order of albumins, globulins, gliadins and glutelins. 3. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were performed to identify the subfractions of each protein fraction. The electrophoregrams of PAGE showed that the same fractions of both Kangwon hull buckwheat protein and Kangwon rice buckwheat protein had very similar electrophoretic patterns to each other respectively, but there were significant differences in the patterns between buckwheat proteins and wheat proteins.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 1995

To evaluate the nutritive values of outdoor mass cultivated Spirulina platensis both chemical analysis and bioassay were carried out using adult cockerels. Blue-green algae, Spirulina platensis contained about 71g /l00g DM of crude protein with balanced amino acid profiles although methionine is liable to he limiting to animals. Compared to fish meal, calcium content and calcium : phosphorus ratio of the Spirulina were not suitable in terms of animal requirements. Reasonable amount of y-linolenic acid(C18: 3 $\omega$6) in Spirulina platensis draws a clinical attention due to its historically recognized pharmacotheraputic functions. Metabolizable energy contents of Spirulina were 3.67 and 3.11 mcal /kg DM for TMEn and AMFn, respectively, which therefore, can he a reliable energy source for poultry. True amino acid availabilities of essential amino acids of Spirulina platensis were higher than 90% for poultry, which is better than comparative ingredient like fish meal. Overall data from both chemical analysis and bioassay demonstrated that the Spirulina platensis could he a favorable protein feedstuffs for poultry.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.892-900
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• 1994

A variety of important roles for branched-chain amino acids in metabolic regulation has been suggested. Branched-chain $\alpha$-keto acid dehydrogenase(BCKAD) complex is a rate limiting enzyme in branched-chain amino acid metabolism. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on the activity and activity state of branched-chain $\alpha$-keto acid dehydrogenase in rat hert and liver thssues. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into three experimental groups : sedentary control, exercised, or exercised-rested. Submaximal exercise(running) for two hours significantly increased basal activity without a change in total activity in both tissues, with a concomitiant increase in activity state of the enzyme complex. At 10 min post-exercise, heart enzyme activity significantly decreased, though not to the control level, while liver enzyme activity remained unchanged. These data suggested that the exercise-induced increase in branched-chain $\alpha$-keto acid decarboxylation in rat tissues may not be the result of enzyme synthesis, but rather is due to increased activity of the BCKAD.