• 한국광물학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2017

본 연구는 남한산성 한봉성 여장에 사춤으로 사용된 석회 모르타르를 분석하여 조선시대에 사용된 석회의 광물학적 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 편광현미경 관찰 결과 여장의 모르타르는 기질에 석영, 장석, 운모, 휘석과 불투명 광물을 함유하고 있으며 XRD 분석을 통해 점토 광물인 녹니석, 카올린을 추가로 확인하였다. 입도 분석 결과 시료의 입도 분포가 넓고 크기가 균일하지 않으며 입도의 60%가 모래영역에 해당되었다. XRF 분석 결과 석회의 주성분인 Ca은 8.71-11.18%로 나타났으며 토양에서 확인되는 $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, $Fe_2O_3$가 주요 성분으로 확인되었다. TG-DTA 분석 결과 약 $750^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 탄산칼슘의 탈탄산반응으로 인한 흡열피크와 약 10%의 중량감소율을 확인하였으며, SEM을 통한 미세조직 관찰 결과 조밀하게 응집된 비정질, 능면상의 방해석 결정이 관찰되었다. 이를 바탕으로 여장의 사춤재는 석회와 토양이 혼합된 모르타르이며 여장의 위치나 사용부위에 따른 광물 조성 차이는 보이지 않으므로 당시 한봉성 여장은 동일한 재료와 기법을 사용하여 개축된 것으로 판단된다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2016

With the aim to reduce the atmospheric $CO_2$, utilization of the carbonated lime produced from the aqueous carbonation reaction for the synthesis of a cementitious material would be a promising approach. The present investigation deals with the aqueous carbonation of slaked lime, followed by hydrothermal synthesis of a cementitious material utilizing the carbonated lime, silica fume, and hydrated alumina. In this study, the aqueous carbonation reaction was performed under four different conditions. The TGA, FESEM, and XRD analysis of the carbonated product obtained from the four different reaction conditions was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the reaction conditions used for the production of the carbonated lime. Additionally, the performance of the cementitious material was verified analyzing the physical characteristics, mechanical property and setting time. Based on the results, it is demonstrated that the material produced by the hydrothermal method possesses the cementing ability. Additionally, it is revealed that the mortar prepared using the alternative cementitious material yields $33.8{\pm}1.3MPa$ compressive strength. Finally, a plausible reaction scheme has been proposed to explain the overall performances of the aqueous carbonation as well as the hydrothermal synthesis of the cementitious material.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 천연수경성석회(NHL) 모르타르에 바잘트 섬유를 혼합하여 섬유혼합에 따른 강도특성을 연구하고자 하였다. 건식 및 습식 4가지로하여 혼합방법에 따른 물리적 특성발현을 확인하였으며, 압축강도 및 휨강도 등을 고려하여 강도 특성이 최대로 발현되는 혼합방법 한 가지를 선택하였다. 실험결과 물성 발현은 습식혼합보다 건식혼합에서 더 우수하였으며, 건식혼합 중 바인더(NHL)와 섬유를 pre-mixing 한 후 물과 골재를 순차적으로 혼합하여 섬유의 분산력을 높여주는 혼합방법을 선택하였다. 이후 섬유 길이에 따른 물리적 특성 발현성을 확인하였다. 바잘트 섬유 길이에 따른 압축강도 및 휨강도 측정결과, Plain 샘플 대비 섬유 혼합에 따라 압축강도는 감소하는 경향성을 보였으며, 휨강도는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 섬유를 혼합한 샘플 중에서 섬유길이 6 mm일 때 가장 우수한 강도 특성을 나타내었다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2015

The influence of powdered and colloidal nano-silica (NS) on the mechanical properties of cement mortar has been investigated. Powdered-NS (~40 nm) was synthesized by employing the sol-gel method and compared with commercially available colloidal NS (~20 nm). SEM and XRD studies revealed that the powdered-NS is non-agglomerated and amorphous, while colloidal-NS is agglomerated in nature. Further, these nanoparticles were incorporated into cement mortar for evaluating compressive strength, gel/space ratio, portlandite quantification, C-S-H quantification and chloride diffusion. Approximately, 27 and 37 % enhancement in compressive strength was observed using colloidal and powdered-NS, respectively, whereas the same was up to 19 % only when silica fume was used. Gel/space ratio was also determined on the basis of degree of hydration of cement mortar and it increases linearly with the compressive strength. Furthermore, DTG results revealed that lime consumption capacity of powdered-NS is significantly higher than colloidal-NS, which results in the formation of additional calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H). Chloride penetration studies revealed that the powdered-NS significantly reduces the ingress of chloride ion as the microstructure is considerably improved by incorporating into cement mortar.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2018

In this study, using Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), an industrial byproduct, and Phosphogypsum (PG), and Waste Lime (WL) as activator, non-sintering binder (NSB) which does not require a sintering process was produced, and the chemical penetration resistance was evaluated through a seawater resistance experiment. The result of the experiment showed that the inside of NSB mortar saw almost no influence from the ions in seawater due to its dense structure. Also, as it appears that only the surface reacts with ions in seawater while spreading inward is suppressed, the high seawater resistance of NSB could be confirmed.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2006년도 춘계학술논문 발표대회 제6권1호
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• pp.85-88
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• 2006

This study investigated influence of fine aggregate types on fundamental properties of cement mortar. Test showed that concrete using lime stone crushed fine aggregate(L) exhibited the most favorable fluidity due to grain shape and particle distribution, and next was blending aggregate miting L and G, blending aggregate mixing L and N, granite crushed fine aggregate(G), natural fine aggregate(N) in an order. Concrete using N had the highest air content and L was the smallest value because of the effective filling performance by continuos particle distribution. Compressive, tensile and flexural strength of all concrete using L had the highest value due to the smallest value of air content. It is also found that concrete using L resulted in decrease of drying shrinkage length change ratio.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2005년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.101-104
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• 2005

The world's cement demand is anticipated to increase about 2.558$\%$ every year until the first half of the 21st century. To be closed the increase of cenment damand and simultaneously comply with the Kyoto Protocal, cement that gives less carbon dioxide(Co2) discharge should be urgently developed. If cement can be manufactured with industrial byproducts such as granulated blast furnace slag(GBFS), phosphogypsum(PG), and waste lime(WL) instead of clinker as its counterproposal, there would be many advantages including maximum use of these industrial byproducts for high value-added resources, conservation of natural resources and energy by omitting the use of clinker, minimized environmental pollution problems caused by Co2 discharge and reduction of the cost. So this study aims to solve the problems by manufacturing non-sintered cement.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.287-308
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• 2023

The main objective of this article is to highlight the progress made in the development of new materials that have been gradually used by humans until today. Of course, this progress must be associated with other parameters in order to guarantee sustainable development. For this, today, it has become urgent to reduce the consumption of cement by resorting to its partial or total replacement by other similar materials in order to reduce CO₂ emissions in our environment. This should certainly help to develop greener building materials. In this study, it was decided to proceed with the partial or total replacement of Portland cement type CEM II/B-L-42.5N by slate and lime that had not undergone any previous transformation. The results obtained revealed that the mortar whose substitution compared to the replacement of cement (100%) cement and sand (0/4) confers better kinetics than those of the series composed of(100%) cement and fraction rubble (0/1).

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.576-582
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• 2000

Two type of expanding cement generally referred to as CSA with Hauyne(3CaO 3Al2O3 CaSO4) and Quick lime(CaO). Hauyne is formed to ettringite when there are presented with CaO and CaSO4, and CaO reacts wtih water to form Ca(OH)2. REcently, the mechanism of compensation and expand mortar or concrete tend to same and it has been used improving on its shrink property. The volume of cement paste varies with its water content shrink with drying and re-wetting. Concrete and mortar works are required shrinking compensation and expansion properties to reduce of potential crack. The use of expansion cement may improve on its shrinking volume changes. CSA dosages for shrinking compensation limited by cement weight, but obtained difference expansion rate with varied W/C or inorganic admixture. This paper studies expansion rate according to expansion cement dosages, water and inorganic admixtures as Silica fume. Therefor, the expansion factor has to considered before the application.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.386-391
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• 2003

Ready mixed mortar는 독일의 석회산업에서 시작하여 현재는 전 세계적으로 널리 사용되고 있으며, 최근에는 새로운 기능 을 갖는 ready mixed mortar에 대한 다수의 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 시멘트 모르타르를 제조하기 위해서 모래 대신 맥반석을 골재로 사용하였으며, 이때 맥반석 자체 특성분석과 더불어 맥반석 골재를 사용한 모르타르의 특성을 연구하였다. 맥반석의 주요성분은 $SiO_2$와 $A1_2O_3$이었으며, 결정상은 quartz와 sillimanite로 구성되어 있었다. 맥반석은 다량의 기공을 포함하고 있었으며, 흡수율은 2.09% 이었다. 맥반석을 사용한 모르타르의 압축강도는 시멘트와 맥반석의 혼합비가 1:3 이하인 경우 KS 규격을 만족시키는 값을 나타내었고, 맥반석 함량이 증가함에 따라 보수성은 증가하였다. 또한 맥반석 함량이 증가함에 따라 원적외선 방사율과 탈취율은 증가하였고 열전도도는 감소하는 특성을 나타내었다.