• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.59 no.3
• /
• pp.515-524
• /
• 2010

Recently, many actions are taking to accelerate progress toward social consensus and implementation of Smart Grid. Smart Grid refers to a evolution of the electricity supply infrastructure that monitors, protects, and intelligently optimize the operation of the interconnected elements including various type of generators, power grid, building/home automation system and end-use consumers. The most distinguished element will be Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) that will be installed to every end-use consumer's home or building and optimize the energy consumption of the end-use consumer. The key function of AMI is energy management capability that coordinates and optimally controls the various loads according to the operating condition and environments. In this study, we figure out the basic function of AMI in Smart Energy House that can be defined as a model house implementing in Smart Grid. This paper proposes the energy management algorithm that will be implemented in AMI at Smart Energy House. The paper also show how energy saving in Smart Energy House can be achieved applying the proposed algorithm to an actual house model that has mainly lighting, air-conditioning, TV loads.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.25 no.12
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2011

A method obtaining position data(x, y) of object accurately is proposed by using a pair of ultrasonic sensors composed of one transmitter and two receivers. And the driving system which controls the light of flat LED lamp locally using array of ultrasonic sensors (3 transmitters and 6 receivers) is developed. As a result, measured values of y are relatively reliable due to its small average of absolute errors of 1.03[cm]. The measured values of x have average error of 8.52[cm], and it is a large value. However, the average error is decreased by 0.65[cm] after applying algorithm for error correction. The experiments to control the light of flat LED lamp locally with algorithm for error correction are carried out. From the result, measured values of x with average error of 0.97[cm] are obtained and they are very good approximations of actual values.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.5 no.2 s.15
• /
• pp.15-18
• /
• 2006

This paper presents a optimizing algorithm getting through analyzing a image improvement algorithm using retinex theory. Improving a existing retinex theory's slow process speed, our proposal is that it controls a small filter size of surrounding function by comparing with original algorithm. So slow process speed decreased drastically. For filling a short of lighting information by small filter, we also selected gray image as a forth channel. Using the color constancy, we got fast process time like linear color correction and could do comfortable auto color rectification according to other images.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.12
• /
• pp.1775-1783
• /
• 2001

For two decades, there has been an active research to enhance the performances of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) systems. However, the resulting systems are somewhat very costly, cumbersome and delicate. In this paper, we address the design and some first experimental results of a PIV system belonging to the opposite paradigm. The Miniature PIV or MPIV system feature relatively modest performances, but is considerably smaller (out MPIV could hold in dia. 40 mm$\times$120 mm), cheaper (out MPIV total cost is less than $500) and easy to handle. Potential applications include industrial velocity sensors. The proposed MPIV system uses a one-chip-only CMOS camera with digital output. Only two other chips are needed, one for a buffer memory and one for an interfacing logic that controls the system. Images are transferred to a personal computer (PC or laptop) via its standard parallel port. No extra hardware is required (in particular, no frame grabber board is needed). In our first MPIV prototype presented in this paper, the strobe lighting is generated by a cheap 5 mW laser pointer diode. Experimental results are presented and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2003

The daylight responsive dimming system, which uses daylight and automatically controls the light output of electric lighting according to the amount of 3.vailable daylight, is an energy saving system Successful performance relies on how photosensor signal can precisely represent workplace illuminance. However, it is not accurately identified due to the dynamic nature of the sun and the sky changed with respect to different seasons or time. The purpose of this research is to identify the correlation between workplace illuminance and photosensor signals, and propose an optimal location and spatial characteristics of the photosensor through experiments, which minimizes the above impacts and improve system performance.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.11
• /
• pp.788-797
• /
• 2010

This study examines the influence of fluctuating daylight illuminance on daylight dimming control systems. Field measurements were performed for a full-scale mocked-up model under various daylight conditions in winter. Fluctuating ranges for a partially-shielded photosensor were great when the variation of sky ratio was great. When solar altitude was lower the illuminance and fluctuating range of illuminance were great due to the influence of direct components of daylight and the interrefelction between surfaces in rear area of space. It implies that daylight dimming system would not function effectively, unless the desktop illuminance by daylight is enough. Fluctuation ranges of photosensor illuminance were lower than 50 lx under clear sky conditions, but they were greater than 100 lx under partly-cloudy sky conditions. It means that the fluctuation range of electric light output of lighting fixture would greater under the partly-cloudy conditions and cause potential visual annoyance to occupants. Outdoor vertical illuminance reaching the windows would be an effective factor that can be used to predict the fluctuation of photosensor signals for effective controls of daylight dimming system.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.248-254
• /
• 2013

The size and power consumption of digital circuits including the dimming circuit part will increase for high-performance solid state lighting (SSL) systems in the future. This study examined the low-power consumption of adiabatic dynamic CMOS logic (ADCL) due to the principles of adiabatic charging. Furthermore, the designed low-power ADCL digital pulse width modulation (PWM) was optimized for SSL dimming systems. For this purpose, an ADCL digital 3-bit PWM was optimized in two steps. In the first step, the architecture of the ADCL digital 3-bit PWM was miniaturized. In the second step, the clock cut-off circuit was designed and added to the ADCL PWM. As a result, compared to the original configuration, 60 transistors and 15 capacitors of ADCL digital 3-bit PWM were reduced for miniaturization. Moreover, the clock cut-off circuit, which controls wake-up and sleep mode of ADCL D-FFs, was designed. The power consumption of an optimized ADCL digital PWM for all bit patterns decreased by 54 %.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.319-326
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we present an algorithm which recognize hand shape in real time using only image without adhering separate sensor. Hand recognizes using edge orientation histogram, which comes under a constant quantity of 2D appearances because hand shape is intricate. This method suit hand pose recognition in real time because it extracts hand space accurately, has little computation quantity, and is less sensitive to lighting change using color information in complicated background. Method which reduces recognition error using principal component analysis(PCA) method to can recognize through hand shape presentation direction change is explained. A case that hand shape changes by turning 3D also by using this method is possible to recognize. Human interface system manufacture technique, which controls a home electric appliance or game using, suggested method at experience could be applied.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 2017

EEG signals that are the same as those that have the same disabled people. So, the EEG signals are becoming the next generation. In this paper, we propose an internet of things system that controls the indoor environment using EEG signal. The proposed system consists EEG measurement device, EEG simulation software and indoor environment control device. We use data as EEG signal data on emotional imagination condition in a comfortable state and logical imagination condition in concentrated state. The noise of measured signal is removed by the ICA algorithm and beta waves are extracted from it. then, it goes through learning and test process using SVM. The subjects were trained to improve the EEG signal accuracy through the EEG simulation software and the average accuracy were 87.69%. The EEG signal from the EEG measurement device is transmitted to the EEG simulation software through the serial communication. then the control command is generated by classifying emotional imagination condition and logical imagination condition. The generated control command is transmitted to the indoor environment control device through the Zigbee communication. In case of the emotional imagination condition, the soft lighting and classical music are outputted. In the logical imagination condition, the learning white noise and bright lighting are outputted. The proposed system can be applied to software and device control based BCI.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2006

This work presents o novel method which extract facial region und features from motion picture automatically and controls the 3D facial expression in real time. To txtract facial region and facial feature points from each color frame of motion pictures a new nonparametric skin color model is proposed rather than using parametric skin color model. Conventionally used parametric skin color models, which presents facial distribution as gaussian-type, have lack of robustness for varying lighting conditions. Thus it needs additional work to extract exact facial region from face images. To resolve the limitation of current skin color model, we exploit the Hue-Tint chrominance components and represent the skin chrominance distribution as a linear function, which can reduce error for detecting facial region. Moreover, the minimal facial feature positions detected by the proposed skin model are adjusted by using edge information of the detected facial region along with the proportions of the face. To produce the realistic facial expression, we adopt Water's linear muscle model and apply the extended version of Water's muscles to variation of the facial features of the 3D face. The experiments show that the proposed approach efficiently detects facial feature points and naturally controls the facial expression of the 3D face model.