• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.2563-2573
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• 1993

The measurements of monochromatic line-of-sight flame emission and light transmission in the same path having small spatial resolution were performed in an axisymmetric laminar propane $C_{3}H_{8}$ diffusion flame. The light wavelengthes of 632 nm, 800nm, 900nm were used. From these measurements, local point soot radiances (by Kirchhoff's law) and absorption coefficients were reconstructed by tomography. Thus local point soot temperatures and concentrations were obtained. The reconstructed soot temperatures and concentrations of local points have no differences between the case of visible range (632 nm) and the case of infrared range (800 nm and 900 nm). In these ranges, the scattering coefficient is much lower than the absorption coefficient. Soot mean temperature over the path also matches well with local soot temperature in outer region of the flame. Temperature measurement by thermocouple with different bead diameters $(222{\mu}m and 308{\mu}m)$ was carried in the same flame. Rapid insertion technique was used and radiation effect was considered. Radiation correction in the sooting region was carried out and the corrected result was in good agreement with the local soot temperature.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제32A권12호
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• pp.173-183
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• 1995

Blue light of 0.15mW at 417.6nm is generated in a quasi-phase-matched LITaO$_{3}$ optical waveguide. A new heat-treatment technique using a metal-oxide mask is proposed to fabricate the periodic domain-inverted grating with less degraded optical properties. The mask promotes the proton indiffusion by inhibition of the proton outdiffusion during the heat treatment. It reduces the amount of the initial proton exchange for the domain inversion and prevents the formation of crystal defects on the surface accompanied by the proton outdiffusion. Consequently, it minimizes the degradation of nonlinear coefficient and scattering loss caused by the initial proton exchange.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.330-338
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• 2015

N-propyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine의 산란혼탁매질에서 형광, 산란과 응집의 영향은 파장 과 산란된 형광세기로 나타내는데, laser induced fluorescence(LIF) 분광학에 의한 분자특성으로 나타난다. 산란매질에서 광학적 효과는 광학적 파라미터들(${\mu}_s$, ${\mu}_a$, ${\mu}_t$)에 의해 표현되고 응집은 고-액상 분리 공정에서 중요하게 활용되고 있다. 따라서 입자가 서로 접근될 때 콜로이드 입자들의 상호작용을 LIF와 응집효과로 분석하였다. Monte Carlo simuation과 실험으로 레이저 광원에서 검출기까지 거리의 함수에 의해 농도가 묽어짐에 따라 산란세기가 기하급수적으로 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 이는 유지화학, 생의학, 레이저 의학, 의공학 분야적용에 LIF와 입자이동 현상은 아주 적합한 모델 연구에 큰 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2015

The characteristics of aerosol light extinction were investigated by comparing measured and calculated extinction coefficient to understand the contribution of air pollutants on visibility impairment for data during 4 months (Jan~ April), 2014. The integrated nephelometer and aethalometer system were installed to measure the scattering and absorption coefficients of aerosol as well as BAM 1020, MARGA, semi-continuous OCEC analyzer, and online-XRF to calculate the extinction coefficient. The IMPROVE_2005 equation was used to determine the contributions of different chemical components on visibility impairment in $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ due to highest correlation with measured data. Sulfate, nitrate, and organic mass by carbon (OMC) of fine aerosol were the major contributors affecting on visibility impairment. Total contributions to light extinction were calculated as $631.0Mm^{-1}$ for the worst-case and $64.4Mm^{-1}$ for the best-case. The concentrations of aerosol component for the worst-case were 38.4 times and 45.5 times larger than those of the best-case for $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ and $NH_4NO_3$, respectively. At lower visibility condition, in which extinction coefficient was higher than $400Mm^{-1}$, extinction coefficient varied according to the relative humidity variation regardless of $PM_{2.5}$.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2006

직접 광주파수 변조된 레이저 다이오드를 광원으로 이용하여 공간 선택적 브릴루앙 산란 방식으로 분포형 광섬유 센서를 구성하여 실험하였다. 광주파수가 정현파로 변조된 펌프와 프로브 빛이 광섬유 내로 서로 반대 방향으로 진행하며 중첩되도록 함으로써 광섬유 내 특정 지점에서만 유도 브릴루앙 산란이 발생하도록 하였으며, 변조 주파수를 변화시켜 브릴루앙 이득 피크의 위치를 조절할 수 있었다. 브릴루앙 천이 주파수가 서로 다른 광섬유를 접속한 경우와 광섬유 길이를 따라 온도 분포가 존재하는 경우에 대해 각각 브릴루앙 천이 주파수의 분포를 측정하였다. 브릴루앙 천이 주파수의 온도 변화율은 $1.33MHz/^{\circ}C$로 측정되었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.1783-1790
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• 2023

Barium Bismuth Oxide Borate (BBOB) has been synthesized for the first time using solution combustion technique. SEM analysis reveal flower shape of the nanoparticles. The formation of the nanoparticles has been confirmed through XRD & FTIR studies which gives the physical and chemical structure of the novel material. The UV light absorption is observed in the range 200-300 nm. The present study highlights the radiation shielding ability of BBOB for different radiations like X/Gamma rays, Bremsstrauhlung and neutrons. The gamma shielding efficiency is comparable to that of lead in lower energy range and lesser than lead in the higher energy range. The bremsstrauhlung exposure constant is comparably larger for BBOB NPs than that of concrete and steel however it is lesser than that of lead. The beauty of BBOB nanoparticles lies in, high absorption of radiations and low emission of secondary radiations when compared to lead. In addition, the neutron shielding parameters like scattering length, absorption and scattering cross sections of BBOB are found to be much better than lead, steel and concrete. Thus, BBOB nanoparticles are highly efficient in absorbing X/Gamma rays, neutrons and bremsstrauhlung radiations.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.270-275
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• 2012

This paper presents a portable and compact optical device which can conveniently be used to perform a functional analysis of human liver function. The proposed system employed red/green LEDs, as a light source, and CMOS image sensor, which is commonly used in cellular phones. With this system, several blood serum samples have been evaluated for liver functional analysis by measuring light absorption level through the blood serum samples depending on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin concentration. The light absorption through the blood serum samples containing AST, ALT, or total bilirubin can provide their concentrations. The green light absorption is more sensitive to the concentration of AST or ALT, and the red light absorption is more sensitive to the total bilirubuin concentration. Additional calibration steps were performed by using a MATLAB program in order to eliminate the light scattering effects from the extraneous particles existing in each blood serum sample. From the blind test, three standard light intensity curves through each enzyme have been obtained and the enzyme concentration values have been compared to those obtained from a commercially available biochemistry analyzer (Toshiba 200 FR). The average percent difference in the obtained concentrations from two systems for AST, ALT, and total bilirubin concentration came out to be 7.79%, 7.98%. and 7.56%, respectively, with the adjusted coefficient of determination (R2) higher than 0.98. This system can possibly lead to a low-cost and simple system that can be used as a point-of-care (POC) system in a condition without advanced equipments.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.325-338
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• 2009

National parks provide recreation, health, and science to human being. The provision of beautiful landscape view of the national park improves an economic and social phase of a nation. However, visibility impairment frequently occurred in the national park area of Gyeongju. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physical and the chemical characteristics of visibility reduction observed at the national park area of Gyeongju. Optical, chemical, meteorological characteristics and scenic monitoring were performed at the visibility monitoring station of Gyeongju University located at the Seoak section of Gyeongju national park from April 28 to May 9, 2008. Light extinction, light scattering, and light absorption coefficients were continuously measured using a transmissometer, a nephelometer, and an aethalometer, respectively. In order to investigate the impact of aerosol chemistry on visibility impairment, size-resolved aerosols were collected at intervals of 2-hour (from 8 A.M. to 6 P.M.) and 14-hour (from 6 P.M. to 8 A.M.) interval each sampling day. The average light extinction coefficient and the average visual range were measured to be $270{\pm}135\;Mm^{-1}$ and $14.5{\pm}6.3\;km$ during the intensive monitoring period, respectively. It was revealed that sulfate particle was the largest contributor to the light extinction under hazy condition. Organic mass accounted for about 26% of the average light extinction. The mass extinction efficiencies for $PM_{1.0}$, $PM_{2.5}$, and $PM_{10}$ were estimated to be 9.0, 4.7, and $2.7\;m^2\;g^{-1}$ under the consideration of water growth function of hygroscopic aerosols, respectively.

• 폴리머
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.415-423
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• 2010

고검화도(98%이상)의 폴리(비닐 알코올)(PVA)를 디메틸설폭사이드(DMSO) 용매에 녹인 뒤 PVA 준희박 용액 대에서 농도 $C{\simeq}0.14\;g/mL$까지 점성도를 측정하였으며, 이 시스템을 매트릭스로 하여 폴리스티렌(PS) 라텍스 입자의 확산운동 지연을 동적 광산란법으로 조사하였다. PVA/DMSO계의 점성도를 고유점성도 $[{\eta}]$로 스케일된 환산농도 $C[{\eta}]$에 대하여 도시하였을 때 C$[{\eta}]$ >2에서는 분자량 의존성이 강하게 나타났으며, 그 원인은 PVA 용액 내에 존재하는 불균일 영역때문인 것으로 추정하였다. 그러나 매트릭스 내에서 탐침입자의 확산운동은 모든 측정농도에서 단일모드로 관찰되었고, 용액상 및 용매상에서의 확산계수의 비인 D/Do를 $C[{\eta}]$로 도시할 때 전체 농도 범위에서 분자량 의존성은 전혀 나타나지 않았으나 신장지수함수의 적용 한계는 C$[{\eta}]$ >2.5인 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2023

미세먼지는 생태학적으로 심각한 문제를 발생시키는 원인이고, 건설현장에서 발생되는 비산먼지는 국내 미세먼지의 주요 발생 원인이다. 그러나 콘크리트 제조업 현장을 포함한 건설 현장에서는 비산먼지 발생단계에서 측정은 거의 이루어지지 않고 있으며, 수동적인 제거방안들이 대부분인 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 제조업에서 골재 하역시 발생하는 비산먼지를 발생단계에서 관리하기 적합한 비산먼지 측정 방법을 선정하고, 자동 비산먼지 저감시스템을 골재 하역장에 적용하여 저감시스템 작동 여부에 따른 비산먼지 저감량을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 결과적으로, 베타선흡수법과 광산란법의 비교측정을 통하여 광산란법의 신뢰성을 확보하였고, 광산란법 보정계수를 산출하여 콘크리트 제조업 현장 비산먼지 질량농도 측정값에 적용하였다. 또한, 자동 비산먼지 저감시스템 작동 여부에 따른 비산먼지 저감률을 도출하였다.