• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2024

The EU (European Union) was introduced Euro-6e in 2023. Recently, the EU prepare to introduce Euro-7. One of difference Euro-6e and Euro-7 is test route condition. This study developed 5 test routes that have different characteristics and severity. The severity of test routes was made by traffic and road gradient. And this study was conducted RDE test on 5 test routes for Light-Duty diesel vehicle (Euro-6d). Based on the test results, the emission characteristics of CO₂ and NOx were analyzed according to the severity of the test routes. Especially, 4 test routes were satisfied normal driving condition of Euro-7 and other test route was satisfied extended driving condition of Euro-7.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2000

사과 자엽조직으로부터 기내에서 식물체를 재분화시키는 데에 있어서 배양 광조건 및 절편체 극성과의 관계를 살펴보고자 사과‘Fuji’품종의 자엽을 재료로하여 광조건 및 광질을 달리하여 배양하였고, 또한 여러 가지 형태의 절편체를 사용하여 시험을 수행하였다. 배양환경조건 중 광조성에 따른 신초 재분화율을 본 결과 배양 초기 10일간 암배양한 후 명 배양한 처리구에서 가장 높은 재분화율을 나타내었으며, 배양중기의 암처리는 효과가 없었다. 광질별로 비교할 때 전처리로 4일간 암배양한 후 청색광을 조사한 처리구에서 높은 신초 재분화율을 나타내었다. 신초 재분화 유기와 절편체 극성과의 관계를 보면 모든 신초의 형성은 절제된 자엽의 기부 끝쪽에서만 이루어졌다. 즉, 기부쪽 절편체의 말단부 절단면에서보다는 기부쪽 절편체와 말단 절편체의 기부쪽 절단면에서 식물체의 재분화가 이루어짐을 알 수 있었다. 신초 유기는 배축의 기부쪽 자엽 절편체 에서 매우 높게 나타난 반면 자엽의 말단부위에 가까운 곳에서는 현저히 감소하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the morphological craracteristics of seed and effect of Gibberellin and light in ffter rooter.The results obtained were summerized as follows :1, 000 seeds wt. was 1.9g, 1 liter wt. was 41.2g, seed length was 3.6mm, seed width was 1.1mm and seed thickness was 0.8mm.The germination rate was higher with light condition than dark and Gibberellin treatment waseffective.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2006

Small molecule OLED devices were fabricated and the electro-optical characteristics were analyzed. The luminance and color coordinate of the fabricated OLED device were $24,390cd/m^2$ and (x=0.15, y=0.22), respectively. Current efficiency of 6.8 cd/A and power efficiency of 2.4 lm/W were also obtained under DC operating condition. Transient light intensity was also measured by using Si photodiode.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 1999

The effect of phytohormones, light and phosphate on in vitro production of ubiquinone 10 from the suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi callus was investigated. The inoculum size and cultured time in the suspension culture had to be at least over 2 % of medium volume at 15 days for the excellent growth of Xanthi callus. The growth of Xanthi callus in the suspension culture was improved by addition of NAA and 2,4-D, especially NAA 1.0mg/1 alone, at the light condition. The optimal concentration of phytohormone was 0.1 mg/l 2.4-D and 1.0 mg/l NAA for productivity of ubiquinone 10 in the suspenseion of Xanthi callus. Addition of 3mM KH$_2$PO$_4$ to the medium was more effective in promoting ubiquinone-l0 formation than other concentration in the light condition. Content and production of ubiquinone-l0 in the suspension cultures of Xanthi callus were the highest at the MS media containing 0.5mg/L kinetin, 0.5mg/L 2,4-D, 1.0mg/1 NAA, 3mM phosphate and 2 % inoculum in the light.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 1995

The coating condition of reproducible anti-reflective coating film and the light transmittance characteristics of the prepared anti-reflective coating glass were investigated as a study for the preparation of single-layer anti-reflective coating glasss. In case of coating with the sol in which the solvent was substituted with the ethanol with the addition of 0.1 mol HNO3, the coated glass showed the minimum value of the refractive index of 1.464, light transmittance of 94.2% at 550nm standard wavelength which is 3.2% higher than that of the parent glass, and the reflectance in the entire wave range of visible light. The refractive index represented its minimum at the sol concentration of 1.0 mol per 100mols of water and the higher the sol concentration, the higher the refractive index, resulting in the decrease of the light transmitance. The production condition of the reproducible anti-reflective coating on glass with the maximum transmittance of 94.2% was 4cm/min of withdrawal speed, 40$0^{\circ}C$ and 1 hour of heat treatment temperature and time, resulting in the film thickness of 94nm.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2018

It is usually difficult for dual-active-bridge (DAB) dc-dc converters to operate efficiently at light loads. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of a DAB with triple-phase-shift (TPS) control under the light load condition to overcome this problem. A kind of operating mode which is suitable for light load operation is analyzed in this paper. First, an analysis of the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) constraints for the DAB converter has been carried out and a reasonable dead-band setting method has been proposed. Secondly, the basic operating characteristics of the converter are analyzed. Third, under the condition of satisfying the ZVS constraints, both the reactive power and the root mean square (RMS) value of the current are simultaneously minimized and a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to analyze and solve this optimization problem. Lastly, both simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the converter can effectively achieve ZVS and improved efficiency.

• 화훼연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2009

본 연구는 음지에서 잘 자라는 자생 지피식물 선발을 위해 7종의 자생식물을 대상으로 광 조건을 달리하여 생장반응을 조사하였다. 비비추는 자연광의 60% 차광에서 가장 좋은 생장을 보였으며, 맥문동은 90% 차광에서 생육이 매우 좋았다. 관중은 60% 차광에서 생육이 가장 우수 하였으며, 대사초는 40% 차광에서 초장과 초폭이 신장이 좋았고 엽수도 많았다. 비비추, 맥문동, 관중 및 수호초는 차광율이 높을수록 엽록소 함량이 점차 증가되었으며, 맥문동은 완전음지나 자연광에서는 개화되지 않았다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 The Korea-Japan Plastics Processing Joint Seminar
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• pp.73-77
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• 2003

The backlight unit(BLU) is used as a light source of TFT liquid-crystalline-display (TFT-LCD) module. In this backlight unit, one of important components is the light guide, which is usually made of transparent polymers. Currently the screen-printing method is mainly used for the light guide as a manufacturing process. However, it has limitation to the flexibility of three-dimensional optical design. In the present paper a new alternative manufacturing method for the light guide with low-cost is proposed. This manufacturing method is named as direct surface forming (DSF), which is very similar to the well-known hot embossing except for partial contact between mold and substrate. The results of this new manufacturing method are presented in terms of processing condition, dimensional accuracy, productivity, etc.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2003

The backlight unit (BLU) is used as a light source of TFT liquid-crystalline-display (TFT-LCD) module. In this backlight unit, one of important components is the light guide, which is usually made of transparent polymers. Currently, the screen-printing method is mainly used for the light guide as a manufacturing process. However, it has limitation to the flexibility of three-dimensional optical design. In the present paper a new alternative manufacturing method for the light guide with low-cost is proposed. This manufacturing method is named as direct surface forming (DSF), which is very similar to the well-known hot embossing except for partial contact between mold and substrate. The results of this new manufacturing method are presented in terms of processing condition, dimensional accuracy, productivity, etc.