• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.1339-1348
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• 2015

In a distributed system environment based on a service-oriented architecture, separate systems collaborate to achieve the goals of the entire system by using services provided other systems. A service quality violation from using one service can cause runtime system failure in the environment. The existing self-adaptation methods follow fault tolerance mechanism that responds to a failure after a service quality violation. In other words, these methods are limited to responsive action. Therefore, a service-dependability-case based self-adaptation mechanism is necessary to preserve the dependability of the self-adaptive system. This paper demonstrates that the service-dependability-case based self-adaptation mechanism is better than QoS(quality of service)-based self-adaptation with fault tolerance to preserve the dependability of the self-adaptive system. Additionally, this paper suggests a method to present and analyze service dependability by using GSN(Goal Structuring Notation) which is the existing modeling method for the presentation of assurance cases, an action mechanism adapted using an analysis result of service-dependability-cases, a methods of leveraging the service-dependability-case based self-adaptation mechanism by following the service's life cycle, and the framework architecture including the major components and the interactions between the components in the control loop of the self-adaptation process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.235-247
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• 2009

Map is information media for human life. Recently, innovative map making technology has been developed and most updated various data are provided to map users. In consequence, use of maps is rapidly increasing in various applications. One of the examples is car navigation map because navigation maps provide reliable and necessary information with convenient way. Therefore, maps are to be changed to user-oriented from map making-oriented design. The main goal of spatial data infrastructure is to allow various users to access the real world information easily for decision making. However, most of the digital maps are focused on map making aspect such as providing up-to-date data, acquisition of accurate data with state-of-the-art technology, and addition of layers (For example, ortho-images and DEMs). If map data processing tools are to be provided with the digital maps, users could utilize maps for decision making without professional software or knowledge. Therefore, objective of this paper is to propose scheme of the digital map data processing service with application examples.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.1433-1443
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• 2016

In the cases of the major cities, high poverty rate of the elderly, immature pension policies, and insufficient market conditions, policies and services for the employment of the elderly decrease the desire for the job participation. It is time to prevent the problems of the elderly, and induce the reachable seniors to participate in social activities. This research provides the location-based, customized job-search service for the elderly in order to actively support the participation in the economic activities of the elderly. The goal of SSJS(Smart Senior Job Search) is to provide the individual elderly with the customized position. It prints the appropriate positions near user location based on the residential area, job classification, and the physical condition, and provides the mash-up of the selectable job range in the unit distance based on the map. This customized service, which enables the seniors to select the type of the jobs based on their physical, mental and life conditions of the seniors, supports the participation in economic activities of the elderly people, and contribute to the expansion of the social job positions for the elderly and the equalization of the local development.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.25-28
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• 2016

In this paper we expand on the notion of "integration" in terms of the variety of ways in which it would manifest itself in business education. Our main argument is that "integration" is multidimensional and has been manifest in pedagogy, research and service dimensions of university programs for a long time. However, assessments of "integration" efforts have been spotty thus far and only recently are being formalized. We present several examples in business curriculum and with increased focus on formal assessments of "integration" efforts, business education will become more pragmatic. The goal of this paper is to unpack the broad construct of "integration," and discuss its historical and current manifestations in business education. Ultimately, we conclude that while the process of integrative thinking is well underway for a long time in business education, the assessment of outcomes of integrative thinking is just taking root through formal ETS tests. We believe that integrative thinking in business education is an ultimate indicator of the effectiveness of the business curriculum, as students skilled in this area will be best prepared for the real-life jobs in the market place.

• Journal of the International Relations & Interdisciplinary Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

In March 2021, the <Guidance on Promoting the Scientific Interface between Kindergarten and Elementary School> issued by the Ministry of Education of China clearly pointed out that it is necessary to adhere to child oriented. This goal of this policy is based on the idea of "living education" proposed by Mr. Heqin Chen in 1940, which indicates that a true understanding of children is necessary before talking about educating them. The core goal of "bidirectional articulation" is to strengthen the sense of articulation between kindergartens and elementary school, scientifically prepare for and adapt to school enrollment, and promote the smooth transition of children. Moreover, the <Guidance Points for Kindergarten Readiness Education> and the <Guidance Points for Elementary School Adaptation Education>, which were released at the same time as the <Guidance on Promoting the Scientific Interface between Kindergarten and Elementary School>, also place special emphasis on the cultivation of children's life preparation and adaptability. The aim of the bidirectional articulation "bridging" is to realize a two-way exchange of curriculum between kindergarten and elementary school, and to reform the curriculum at three levels through the curriculum spirit of "gamification", the continuous curriculum structure, and the developmental curriculum evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.131-142
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• 2002

Interested in the importance of Consumer Education in school has recognized in modem society, due mainly to the development and change of consumption life. Among the many contributions to the study of consumer issues that Consumer Education in school is the most important thing to be rational consumer. However, There is no any system to support the Consumer Education in school even though we need it. And thus, this paper is used the method of Contents Analysis through critically reviewing the professional web-sites of Consumer Education Center in Japan and Europe in order to investigate what the goal is, what contents are, how they operate their Consumer Education System. Moreover, we compare two web-sites in aspects of system, structure. The Consumer Education in Japan and Europe is toward the value of life which is not the buy-man-ship but the way of thinking and philosophy of life. The school lead the Consumer Education through the integrated system which is invoked all of related subjects. Each related subject is gotten together for the Consumer Education. Most of all the Consumer Education Center in Japan and Europe is in the middle of Consumer Education in school, and then absolutely assist and support Consumer Education in school.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2016

Purpose - The present study aimed to investigate the difference between entity theorists and incremental theorists in the extent of attributing efforts and traits of consumers for the realization of pursued goals. Furthermore, the present study was conducted to determine the difference depending on circumstances. In this regard, the circumstances where consumers felt pride were divided into those in which important goals and ordinary life goals were achieved. Research design, data, and methodology - An empirical study was performed, which was divided into group 1 and 2. Group 1 is the experimental group concerned with the important goal achievement, and group 2 is the control group related to daily ordinary goal achievement. 80 college students were assigned to each group, respectively. The empirical study for each of the two groups was performed respectively by means of questionnaire survey. In the experimental group, t-test was used to verify the hypotheses for the empirical study. In the circumstances of the control group, t-test was also used to examine whether the results were same as those shown from the analysis of experimental group data or not. Results - According to the group 1 and 2, the t-test of the empirical study showed that entity theorists tended to attribute the achievements of goals to their traits more than incremental theorists did, whereas the incremental theorists tended to attribute achievements of goals to their efforts more than entity theorists did in the important goals-achieved circumstance. In the circumstance of daily life goals-achieved, additional questionnaire survey and analysis were conducted, however, there was no difference between incremental and entity theorists in regard to attributing realization of goals to their efforts, and it leads to assess the difference in the meaning of invested efforts between important goal and ordinary goal achievement. Conclusions - Considering that the feeling of consumers has been regarded as one of the significant factors in marketing mix management, the results of this study are considered as significant implications for management. The implications can be said that when incremental consumers feel authentic pride in the important goals-achieved circumstance, marketers are requested to emphasize the fact that the efforts of consumers have contributed to realization of the important goals. By contrast, when consumers feel hubristic pride in both circumstances, marketers are requested to approach to entity-oriented consumers by way of trait. Authentic and hubristic pride are pervasive and engendered by important events or daily routines, and they could have effect on delaying making decisions. Therefore, it is necessary for future research to examine the unexplored difference of effect between incidental authentic and hubristic pride on consumer's self-control. In particular, future researches are related to the extent of difference in attributing efforts and traits. The consumers'realization for the previously pursued goals between entity theorists and incremental theorists affects their present or long distant decisions in self-control dilemmas. The consumers are faced with choosing one between virtuous long term- related option and vice immediate option.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

Purpose: This concept analysis was done to clarify therapeutic intervention in nursing. Methods: For this study the process of Walker & Avant's concept analysis was used. Twenty-nine studies from electronic data bases met criteria for selection. Results: Therapeutic intervention can be defined by the following attributes: 1) goal-oriented, 2) forming a therapeutic relationship, 3) reinforcement of coping ability, 4) patient-centered, 5) a holistic integrated approach. The consequences of therapeutic intervention were improvement of quality of life, coping skills, self-care. Conclusion: Attributes of therapeutic intervention identified in this study can be applied to develop tools for measuring therapeutic nursing behaviors or to develop therapeutic nursing intervention programs for patient or family.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.38
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• pp.115-144
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to look into the support activities of the 17th century spanish plays which had been taken in various paths in terms of responses of the then-public who had been enthusiastic about great plays and artworks. Such a phenomenon clearly appeared in the open-air theater 'corral' where 'Teatro nacional' was performed at that time. Therefore, this study tries to investigate the functional relation between the public's responses and the prosperity of then-plays from the concrete standpoint of Lope's public-oriented plays. Although Lope's plays basically include system-protection ideology, they are thoroughly based on the public's support and popularity. In short, at that time, Lope's dramatic reform and entailing remarkable hit and success were made possible through thorough compliance with the public's preference and thereby the public's absolute support and affection. The tendency of his public-oriented plays appears in two aspects. One is the common people persecuted and punishment of a wicked man of power. The typical plays in point are Lope's Perib??ez y el comendador de Oca?a and El mejor alcalde, el rey. Through the plays, the playwright Lope not only implemented praise of absolute monarch very effectively, but soothed the wounded heart of the common people who had suffered pains due to their unfair and lowly social status. In this way, his plays might give senses of reliefs and satisfaction to most viewers who identified with the common people in the plays. The other one is the decisive raise of status of an exemplary commoner, the subject matter which had been used by Lope as one of useful means to show the public-oriented tendency of his plays. The cases in point are Los Tellos de Meneses and its succeeding work Valor, fortuna y lealtad. The two-part work of Lope is about the hard journey, ups and downs, and ascent to the nobility of Tello, an exemplary and rich farmer, and hits young son Tello. Through the two-part play, Lope demonstrated how an exemplary and good-mannered commoner rose to the nobility and thereby gave vicarious satisfaction to the then-public and received a lot of praise from them. As mentioned earlier, through his public-oriented plays, Lope not only satisfied the public's desires and achieved his realistic goal of big success. Not all Lope's plays are public-oriented. Nevertheless, the popular success of 'Teatro nacional' made by Lope and his followers is based on the public's preference and the plays' dramatic responses to their desires, and the strategic elaboration to comfort the public suffering lot of pains in daily life.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.2
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• pp.261-283
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• 2004

To build up the military strength based on information oriented armed forces, the Korean ministry of national defense (MND) promotes the defense CALS (Continuous Acquisition and Life cycle Support) initiative for the reductions of acquisition times, improvements of system qualities, and reductions of costs. These defense CALS activities are the major component of the underlying mid and long term defense digitization program and the ultimate goal of program is to bring a quick victory by providing real-time battlefield intelligence and the economical operations of the military. The concept of defense CALS is to automate the acquisition and disposition of defense systems throughout their life cycle. For implementing defense CALS, the technology for exchange and sharing CALS standard data that is created once and used many times should be considered. In order to develop an efficient CALS information exchange and sharing system, it is required to integrate distributed and heterogeneous data sources and provide systematic search tools for those data. In this study, we developed a content based search engine technology which is essential for the construction of integrated data environments. The developed technology provides the environment of sharing the CALS standard data such as SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) and STEP(Standard for The Exchange of Product model data). Utilizing this technology, users can find and access distributed and heterogeneous data sources without knowing its actual location.