• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2011

The objective of the study is to develop life cycle inventory (LCI) database of dam, a major facility for irrigation water supply. The types of database developed are three out of nine dams according to the size of the wate r storage capacity: two kinds larger than 500,000 $m^3$ depending on gate for discharging (Type 1) and the other dam smaller than 500,000 $m^3$ (Type 2). According to the LCI analysis, type 1 larger than 500,000 $m^3$ storage capacity with gate has the lowest environment impact in the 6 impact categories. The impact of the type 1 accounts for 7~35 % of the type 2 for supplying irrigation water. Comparing with the environment impacts of water for other uses such as drinking and industrial water, the impacts of 1 $m^3$ irrigation water supply is 4~45 % of the one for industrial water supply and 1~16 % of the drinking water's. The three types of LCI DB on the irrigation water by dams will be useful in the application of Life Cycle Assessment in agricultural products and environmental labelling including carbon footprint since it is complied to the guidelines of LCI DB constr uction issued by Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Knowledge Economy.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.681-691
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 전과정평가 방법론을 활용하여 교량용 탄성받침 제조 공정에 대한 전과정목록(LCI) DB를 구축하고, 교량의 환경부하평가시 신뢰성 향상율을 분석하였다. 교량용 탄성받침의 영향평가 결과, 6대 영향범주 중 자원고갈, 지구온난화, 광화학산화물 생성 범주 순으로 주로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타냈다. 투입물의 기여도에서는 대부분의 영향범주에서 후판이 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 구축된 교량용 탄성받침 전과정목록(LCI) DB를 교량 환경부하평가에 적용한 결과 환경부하량은 평균 0.53% 증가하였으며, 투입자재의 금액기준 Cut-off는 11.36% 증가하였다. 교량용 탄성받침 LCI DB 구축을 통해 향후 온실가스 배출량 산정, 환경부하평가 등의 신뢰성을 향상시키고 현재 생산기술에 기반한 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 청정기술
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 전과정평가 방법론을 활용하여 액체 이산화탄소 제조 공정에 대한 전과정목록 DB를 구축하였다. 특성화와 정규화 결과, 액체 이산화탄소의 제조는 자원소모, 지구온난화 범주가 주로 영향을 미치며, 다음으로 산성화, 부영양화, 광화학적산화물생성 순이었다. 투입물의 기여도에서는 대부분의 영향범주에서 전력이 가장 높았으며 산성화와 부영양화에는 대기배출이 높은 기여도를 나타내었다. 오존층 파괴 범주의 경우 암모니아가 주된 원인이었다. 본 액체 이산화탄소 LCI DB를 통하여 탄소성적표지 등의 국가적 차원의 환경 전략 활용이 활성화되기를 기대한다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1028-1032
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• 2005

Life cycle assessment(LCA) has been developed from the concept of life cycle thinking. Life cycle thinking implies that everyone in the whole chain of a product's life cycle, from cradle to grave, has a responsibility and a role to play, taking into account all the relevant external effects. LCA is an analytical tool for identifying environmental loads and assessing the environmental impact in the whole chain of a product's life cycle. In Europe and Japan, LCA and ecodesign study for railway industry have been actively carried out recently. However, LCA for railway industry in domestic is still infant. LCA is standardized in International Organization of Standardization(ISO), base on the ISO 14040 standards, 307 life cycle inventory(LCI) database for infrastructure and base materials have been established in total since 1999. Some of LCI database can use in performing LCA for trains and railway infrastructure, but still not enough to derive accurate LCA result. Therefore, railway oriented LCA methodology and LCI DB are needed to be developed.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.59-66
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• 2006

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.691-697
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• 2011

In this study, by using the Water footprint technique, the water consumption by washing machines, which holds higher ranks in using water than any other electric appliances, was analyzed during their life cycle. The life cycle is defined as raw materials production step, manufacturing step, and using step. In raw materials production step, Input materials were researched by using LCI DB(Life Cycle Inventory Database) and the water consumption was calculated with consideration of approximately 65% Input materials which were based weight. In manufacturing step, the water consumption was calculated by the amount of energy used in assembly factories and components subcontractors and emission factor of energy. In using step, referring to guidelines on carbon footprint labeling, the life cycle is applied as 5 years for a washing machine and 218 cycles for annual bounds of usage. The water and power consumption for operating was calculated by referring to posted materials on the manufacture's websites. The water consumption by nation unit was calculated with the result of water consumption by a unit of washing machine. As a result, it shows that water consumption per life cycle s 110,105 kg/unit. The water consumption of each step is 90,495 kg/unit for using, 18,603 kg for raw materials production and 1,006 kg/unit for manufacturing, which apparently shows that the using step consume the most water resource. The water consumption by nation unit is 371,269,584tons in total based on 2006, 83,385,649 tons in both steps of raw material production and manufacturing, and 287,883,935 tons in using step.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1625-1629
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• 2009

The new paradigm called 'Low Carbon Green Growth' involved in reducing greenhouse gas is on the rise as a critical issue worldwide. The essential of Kyoto protocol issued in 1997 is to achieve the sustainable economic growth environments by converting existing production system to eco-friendly one. The protocol imposes the liability to reduce greenhouse gas to the countries joined to it. The paradigm is directly involved in the energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by construction activities. Value Engineering which are mainly applied in the design phase in practice is a measure to improve the value of a constructed facility by analyzing and/or appraising the functions and costs of it. However, an appropriate method which assesses eco-friendliness of constructed facility has not been propose by researchers. This paper proposes a method which assesses the performance involved in eco-friendliness of constructed facility using Value Engineering (VE) in the design phase. The method estimates the environmental cost relative to the amounts of energy consumption and environmental pollution occurred over the entire project life cycle. The database called "Life Cycle Inventory DB", which stores information about the amounts of environmental pollution, is used. The algorithm which retrieves the amounts of environmental pollutions from the DB and converts them into environmental costs is developed. The algorithm is implemented into a system which quantifies the eco-friendliness of constructed facility in the design phase using VE.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1244-1249
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• 2007

Pursuing sustainable development throughout society and industry and the field of environmental policy, each international organization or nation has performed international standardization projects on environmental management activities for their system as well as environmental assessment for a product such as life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle inventory database (LCI DB), and the environmental aspects have been increasingly demanded as crucial evaluation specifications. Moreover, the conventional environmental policy, which represents the direct-control, has been more dependent on the market forces and product itself after the Climate Change Convention., and the Integrated Product Policy (IPP, EU) is applied vigorously to strengthen global competitiveness of a product and to achieve the effect of environmental improvement for it. According to change of the international railway market, the value of Eco-Design has been increasingly important in developed countries including EU. Thus, each country is establishing its own guidelines, software and database for each product, and developing new policies through Eco-Design with practical results in marketing. To react this and develop Korean railway as an environment-friendly industry with priority to other transportation system as well as maintain high place in technology, the direction of RACE software development of main function is introduced, which is exclusively used for EMU to assess both environmental and economic aspects with LCA and eco-efficiency (EE).

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2013

This study aims to calculate the $CO_2$ emissions by the properties of construction waste to establish a LCI DB of construction waste generated at the disuse stage. The $CO_2$ emissions from apartment houses was calculated by calculating the energy consumptions by treatment steps to calculate the $CO_2$ emissions by the treatment steps of construction waste. As a result of analyzing the $CO_2$ emissions from a total of 27 complexes, maximum 46,791g-$CO_2/m^2$, minimum 34,893g-$CO_2/m^2$ and average 38,713g-$CO_2/m^2$ were generated, and were varied by the quantity of construction waste in general, but were affected by the transportation distance in case of transportation steps as well. As a result of analyzing the $CO_2$ emissions by the properties of construction waste, average 19,815.50g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the highest, from the example complex at the demolition stage in case of construction wastes, and 1.72g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the lowest, during reclamation. In case of combustible waste, average 11,495.63g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the highest, from the example complex during incineration of wastes, and 21.48g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the lowest, at the waste transportation stage. In case of noncombustible waste, average 522.43g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the highest, from the example complex at the demolition stage, and 1.07g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the lowest, at the transportation stage. In case of other construction wastes, average 645.42g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the highest, from the example complex at the demolition stage, and 47.38g-$CO_2/m^2$ was generated, the lowest, at the middle treatment stage.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.1215-1224
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• 2013

1997년 "기후 변화에 관한 국제연합 규약의 교토의정서"가 채택된 이후 우리나라를 비롯한 세계의 여러 나라에서 이산화탄소를 포함한 온실가스 배출을 줄이기 위한 노력을 진행해 왔다. 각 산업별로 온실가스 배출을 저감시키는 산업 구조로 개편 및 녹색 기업으로 체질 개선에 힘쓰고 있으나 타 산업에 비하여 건설 산업은 온실가스 배출의 효율적인 관리를 위한 정확한 배출량 저감을 위한 논의가 미흡한 상황이며 오히려 환경을 파괴시키는 산업이라는 오명을 가지고 있는 실정이다. 우리나라는 경제규모에 비해 환경오염물질 배출량이 많으며 이는 에너지 다소비 업종의 비중 증가에 따른 것이다. 이에 따라 에너지 다소비업종 중 하나인 건설관련 공사에 대한 효율적인 에너지 절약이 이루어지지 않은 문제점이 대두되고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 근래에는 대규모 건설이 많으므로 에너지 절감효과를 갖기 위해서는 건설공사의 전과정(Life Cycle) 중 시공단계에서 발생하는 에너지소비량, 환경오염물질 배출량, 환경비용 등 기본적인 데이터베이스 및 활용방안 개발이 필요하다. 그러나 건설현장 특성상 정량화가 어렵다는 이유 등으로 친환경 건설에 관한 연구는 대부분 구조물 사용 및 유지 보수 단계에 집중되어 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지식경제부와 환경부에서 제시하는 LCI DB를 활용하여 굴착작업 시 발생하는 환경오염물질 배출량을 산출하고 환경오염물질별 환경비용을 환산하여 토공사에 대한 환경경제성을 평가하고자 한다.