• Asian review of World Histories
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.81-104
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• 2014

The popular uprisings that took place in the Arab world, and led to the overthrow of four heads of states, namely Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali (January 14, 2011) of Tunisia, Hosni Mubarak (February 11, 2011) of Egypt, Muammar al-Gaddafi (August 23, 2011) of Libya and Ali Abdullah Saleh (November 23, 2011) of Yemen, have attracted the attention of the world media and policy makers in the West and the Middle East, and triggered their concern for the political future of the region. This article does not offer a comprehensive assessment of these uprisings, but rather analyzes the coverage of Time and Newsweek of the underlying causes of the uprisings and their anticipated consequences. It also investigates how the two magazines have highlighted the scenarios that may pose a real challenge to Arab regimes supported by the American administration, and internationally reshape the priorities of American foreign policy in the region. These issues are examined from the two magazines' perspectives, which under line the features of U.S. foreign policy in the region, where the White House is more concerned about the security of the state of Israel, control of the Arab oil and suppression of "Muslim fundamentalism."

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2013

Customer satisfaction and customer relationship are crucial aspect in any enterprises including housing construction projects. In general, the housing developers are facing a number of new challenges in different countries including Libya. The construction industries/housing developers need to continuously improve their products and services to meet customers' satisfaction desires and to remain in the current competitive market. This paper focuses on analysing the satisfaction factors of customers including qualityaspects of products and services in the construction projects. A framework was developed to evaluate the dynamics relationship between customer satisfaction and quality products or services, aiming to help companies' managers and policy makers to understand the needs and points of view of their customers. Apragmatic analysis was conducted to explore and analyse the customer satisfaction factors in construction industry considering different aspect of customer groups in Libya. Results indicate that there is a high demand of improvements in the contractor's performance in terms of cost, time and quality of products. It was also found that Libyan construction companies have been forced to transform their policies after on Libyan war 2011 to focus on client and customer satisfactory policies, or say centric for the purpose of improving client requirements and turn the business into more advantageous for any company.

• 지질공학
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.2-10
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• 1991

이 보문은 리비아의 트리폴리 지역에서 건설공사를 할 경우 지반공학적으로 고려하여야할 점을 기술한 것이다. 지반자료는 이 지역에서 수행된 학교와 주택건설을 위한 부지지반조사에서 얻은 것이다. 자파라 평원의 지표하 10m까지 표층의 대부분은 보통 조밀한 실트질 모래로 구성되어 있다. 그러나 지역적으로는 표토가 빈약하고 석회암이나 석회사암의 호층으로 구성되어 있기도 하며 산지 지역은 대부분 표토의 발달이 거의 없다. 원지반의 실트질 모래는 확대기초나 줄기초를 적용할 경우 일반적으로 150kN/$m^2$의 지내력을 가진다고 추정된다. 트리폴리 지역에서 콘크리트에 적합한 골재의 분포는 매우 제한되어 있으며 조골재는 주로 백운암 석산을 개발하여 공급된다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제56권
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• pp.86-116
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• 2011

디지털 혁명에 따른 글로벌 공론장의 구조적 변화에도 불구하고, 국제사회의 정보 불평등 문제는 여전히 지속되고 있다. 국제 여론광장을 통한 정보경쟁이 불가피한 오늘날, 미디어 외교는 국가 간 정보전쟁에 있어서 중요한 수단으로 부상했다. 미디어 외교의 중요성에 주목하여, 이 연구는 24시간 영어뉴스 채널이 자국의 대외정책에 어떻게 협력하고 있는가를 실증적으로 검토하고자 했다. 이런 배경에서 리비아 사태와 이해관계가 있는 6개국의 대표적인 뉴스채널(씨엔엔－인터내셔널, 비비씨－월드, 알 자지라, 도이치 벨레, 프랑스24, 러시아 투데이)의 관련 보도를 분석했다. 분석 결과, 의제설정, 태도, 정보원 활용, 원인과 대안 제시, 프레임 등 전반적인 측면에서 각 뉴스채널의 보도는 자국(自國)의 리비아 정책과 연동되는 특징을 보였다. 리비아 개입에 우호적인 국가와 비판적인 국가 간의 보도 양상은 뚜렷하게 구분되었고, 리비아 개입에 우호적인 국가들 간에도 정부 정책의 수위에 따른 차이가 나타났다. 일부 채널은 국제사회가 잘 모르는 리비아 사태의 '맥락' 정보 전달에 더 치중하기도 했다. 이 연구는 각국 뉴스채널들이 자국의 입장과 관점에 따라 리비아 사태를 재맥락화(recontextualization)함으로써 국제사회의 여론에 호소하고 나아가 자국의 입장을 옹호하는 현실을 실증적으로 분석했다. 연구진은 이를 토대로 국제사회에 대한 '수신'과 '발신'의 중요성을 지적하는 한편, 국제사회를 대상으로 한국의 입장과 관점을 효과적으로 전달할 수 있는 'Korea 24'와 같은 전문화된 24시간 영어뉴스 채널의 필요성을 주장한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.918-923
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• 1988

Hydatid disease still remains an important public health problem in many temperate and subtropical areas of the world. Hydatid disease is very rare in Korea. Recently, increase of abroad employment and tour into the endemic area brings into increase of the disease. We experienced a surgical case of unilocular hydatid cyst of lung in a 26 year old man. He had worked for a year[1986] in Libya. Hydatid cyst in left lower lobe was treated by lobectomy.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.123-137
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• 2021

In this study, we performed cross calibration of KOMPSAT-3 AEISS imaging sensor with reference to normalized pixels in the Landsat 8 OLI scenes of homogenous ROI recorded by both sensors between January 2014 and December 2019 at the Libya 4 PICS. Cross calibration is using images from a stable and well-calibrated satellite sensor as references to harmonize measurements from other sensors and/or characterize other sensors. But cross calibration has two problems; RSR and temporal difference. The RSR of KOMPSAT-3 and Landsat 8 are similar at the blue and green bands. But the red and NIR bands have a large difference. So we calculate SBAF of each sensor. We compared the SBAF estimated from the TOA Radiance simulation with KOMPSAT-3 and Landsat 8, the results displayed a difference of about 2.07~2.92% and 0.96~1.21% in the VIS and NIR bands. Before SBAF, Reflectance and Radiance difference was 0.42~23.23%. Case of difference temporal, we simulated by 6S and Landsat 8 for alignment the same acquisition time. The SBAF-corrected cross calibration coefficients using KOMPSAT-3, 6S and simulated Landsat 8 compared to the initial cross calibration without correction demonstrated a percentage difference in the spectral bands of about 0.866~1.192%. KOMPSAT-3 maximum uncertainty was estimated at 3.26~3.89%; errors due to atmospheric condition minimized to less than 1% (via 6S); Maximum deviation of KOMPSAT-3 DN was less than 1%. As the result, the results affirm that SBAF and 6s simulation enhanced cross-calibration accuracy.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2005

Phytochemical investigation of the berries of Juniperus phoenicea led to the isolation of 4 compounds, namely; scutellarin, isoscutellarin, shikimic acid and the new palmitoyl lactone derivative 16-hydroxy palmitic-1,16-olide. This is the first report for the occurrence of these compounds in the species grown in Libya. The identification of the isolated compounds was based on the application of different spectroscopic techniques. In addition, the antihepatotoxic effect of the aqueous decoction of the berries was investigated.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2016

The use of inappropriate procurement methods to deliver construction projects has long been acknowledged as a major source of poor project performance and is particularly problematic for the Libyan Construction Industry. Poor procurement method selection has been recognised as a major contributory factor to frequent time and cost overruns. This paper offers a way of selecting specific procurement methods to maximize successful project performance. The methodology involves an intensive review of relevant literature, followed by a semi-structured questionnaire survey. The key findings of the study reveal that 11 out of its 12 common selection criteria exhibit a significant contribution to one or more project performance criteria (time, cost and quality). Project clients should therefore prioritise these criteria when selecting a design-bid-build method. Knowledge of the criteria that contribute positively to project performance will also enable clients to work out, prior to and during construction, the best measures and provisions for successful project outcomes.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.546-547
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• 2008

2003년부터 석유가격의 급격한 상승으로 인한 리비아 정부의 재정투자 증대 및 경제자유화 조치에 따른 내수증가 등으로 2003년 경제성장률이 9.1% 2004년도 7.9%, 2005년 8.45%의 눈부신 경제성장을 이룩하고 있는 리비아 전력수요를 예측하기 위한 프로그램을 개발하여 리비아 국영전력회사(GECOL) 직원들을 대상으로 수요예측에 관한 교육을 시행하고 향후 리비아 경제발전과 전력소비의 연관성에 에 관해 고찰하였다. 급증하는 오일달러를 이용한 사회간접 인프라구축에 집중하는 반면에 인접국가들과의 전력 계통연계도 함께 관찰하여 최적의 모델을 찾아 전력수요 예측에 활용할 수 있다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

Sixty three species and 5 varieties belonging to 30 fungal genera were collected from 75 soil samples. Cultivated (29 genera and 58 species + 5 var.), desert (22 and 35 + 2 var.) and saline soil (21 and 41 + 1 var.) fungi were recovered on glucose-, cellulose- and 50% sucrose-Czapek's agar at $28^{\circ}C$. The most common genera were Alternaria, Aspergillus, Emerieella, Fusarium, Mycosphaerella, Nectria and Penicillium. The most prevalent species from the three types of soils on the three types of media were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Emerieella nidulans, Fusarium oxysporum, Myeosphaerella tassiana, Nectria haematococca and Penicillium ehrysogenum. Chaetomium globosum was in the top of fungi in producing endo-$\beta$-1,4-glucanases among the 42 tested isolates obtained from soils on cellulose-Czapek's agar. Maximum production of this enzyme by C. globosum obtained after 6 days of incubation at $30^{\circ}C$ with culture medium containing maltose as a carbon source and ammonium nitrate as a nitrogen source and pH initially adjusted to 6.