• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.65-88
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• 2005

1) Objective External treatments have various curative effects. So it had been used to cure various patients. But, it has a limited sphere of application in the present South Korea. And the "Li-Yao-Pian-Won" had been written by Wu-Shang-Xian(吳尙先) in 1864. The book is the first technical book of external treatments. So, he has been held in respected as the father of external treatments by many people. Therefore we would like to bring out it's external treatments theory 2) Conclusions He had insisted that external treatments principles are identical with internal treatments. So, prescriptions of external treatment are selected and made by principles of internal treatment. But external treatments have following characteristics 1. Each of external treatment prescriptions have various effects. 2. Exchange of treatments is very easy. 3. We can make free use of various external treatments for care at a time. 4. External treatments are very economical. 5. External treatments are very easy to study. 6. External treatments are simple, speedy, precision.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.2 s.17
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

1) Objective External treatments have various curative effects. So it had been used to cure various patients. But, it has a limited sphere of application in the present South Korea. And the ${\ulcorner}$Li-Yao-Pian-Won${\lrcorner}$ had been written by Wu-Shang-Xian(吳尙先) in 1864. The book is the first technical book of external treatments. So, he has been held in respected as the father of external treatments by many people. Therefore we would like to bring out it’s external treatments theory 2) Conclusions Wu-Shang-Xian(吳尙先) had insisted that external treatments principles are identical with internal treatments. So, prescriptions of external treatment are selected and made by principles of internal treatment. (1) The factors of determination external treatment’s methods are focus (meridian, inside and outside etc.), attribute of diseases, patient’s liking. (2) The treatment regions are decided by meridian theory, diseases region and external treatment’s methods.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.241-255
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• 2005

Objectives : In order to comprehend and utilize external therapy, we considered that we needed to research Wu Shi-Ji who was a medical specialist of external therapy. We looked at the special study on external therapy in his book, ${\ll}li-yao-pian-wen{\gg}$, especially ; in this part his generai approach to external therapy was well-detaiied. Methods : We translated and analyzed . Results : In , he gives a supplementary explanation about the insufficient attention paid to external therapy, 膏(gao) - (ti) 坐(zuo) (yu) 抹(mo) 纏法(chan fa), through San Jiao(三焦). And he insisted on his conception of external therapy: ointment(膏) and the moth of sneezing, sitting on herbs(坐), steaming or attaching herbs patients's navel, rubbing(抹) and binding(縛), based on ${\ll}nei-jing{\gg}$ and ${\ll}shang-han-lun{\gg}$. He put forward the general rules of external therapy using those methods. And through , he explained that the efficacy of his external therapy was basically the same as internal therapy and medicine, the only difference was in the method. In addition, this external therapy has some merits when compared with internal medicine. First, it's easier to diagnose a disease and treat patients compared to internal medicine. For instance, when a patient has a problem with his abdomen, we just have to diagnose a disease of the abdomen and treat using one method of external therapy on the abdomenal area. Second, external therapy has fewer side effects. And third, we can utilize the meridian theory when we use external therapy. Conclusions : Through , we basically understood his conception of external therapy. Although more research is needed, we suggest that we need to enlarge our usage of external therapy, not just confine ourselves to smaller areas of focus. His point of view suggests that external therapy is not merely an adjunct to internal therapy, but an interdependent course of study and action in its own right.