• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.43
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• pp.459-483
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• 2016

The main objective of this paper is to test the major prediction of the Aspect Hypothesis on interlanguage narratives collected from 171 Ibibio ESL learners in a classroom setting using sets of picture stories. Aspect Hypothesis predicts that lexical aspectual classes of verbs would determine the pattern of acquisition and distribution of tense-aspect morphology at the very early stages of L2 acquisition of tense-aspect verbal morphology. That is, telic verbs would be marked with the past tense-aspect verbal morphology before atelic verbs in the interlanguage of ESL learners irrespective of their L1 background. The results of our data analyses show a significant effect from the lexical aspect on the acquisition and distribution of tense-aspect morphology with chi-square statistics of ($x^2=196.92$,df = 6, n = 1664, p = <.0001). However, the effect of the lexical aspect is shown to be more prominent among Ibibio ESL learners at higher levels of proficiency. This is contrary to the prediction regarding Aspect Hypothesis. The paper concludes that the influence of the lexical aspect on the pattern of acquisition and distribution of tense-aspect morphology may be universal but the actual point along the developmental pathway when such influence is obtainable is yet to be determined. This calls for more research into the pattern of the L2 acquisition of tense-aspect verbal morphology.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.502-510
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper investigate the general definition of Tense and the concepts about Aspect. I consider the correlation between the lexical and the grammatical aspect. Tense is an inflection type of a verb that indicates the time, tense is grammatical categories. Tense has the current tense and the past tense in English. If we recognize aspect as a grammatical category, that the subject of in description will be confined to the grammatical expression. In contrast, when considered as a category of meaning, lexical and grammatical representation is the expression target. Therefore, aspect is stated as a grammatical category. Specially, the aspect of English, there is only a progressive tense and perfect tense. In this case, the progressive aspect is progressive tense and the perfect aspect is perfect tense. Chapter 2, I investigate the definition of the tense of many scholars and define the usage of each tense. In Chapter 3, I exhibit the definition of the Aspect. Aspect is grammatical and semantic one. Tense and Aspect is a simple grammar category, but they have a various spectrum. Therefore, As the definition of the Tense and Aspect becomes clear it will be helpful to students who are received English education. In addition, the definition about tense and aspect needs in variety of areas, more research is needed.

• Language and Information
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-63
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• 1999

Korean manner-of-motion verbs have different characteristics from locomotion verbs syntactically and semantically, and they are aptly encoded as having the primitive semantic element MOVE, not GO of Jackendoff(1990)'s Conceptual Semantics framework. This point is shown on the basis of their behavior, the inability to take the Goal 'NP-lo' phrases, the Purposive 'S-le' clauses, the 'NP-ey' phrases, and the atelic interpretation. It is further shown that the apparent locomotion verb behavior of some manner-of-motion verbs, 'exocentric' phenomenon in their meaning composition, is merely a transferred aspect of manner-of-motion verbs. Three kinds of strategies, transformational, quasi-transformational, and lexical ones, are examined to describe this phenomenon, and the lexical one is determined to be the most appropriate. The remaining part of this paper pursues the possibility of adopting Tenny's(1987, 1994) 'Aspectual Interface Hypothesis' in establishing an argument linking system with special attention to 'measuring-out', but concludes that the hypothesis can be accepted only in a restricted part of verbs, and with a modified notion of measuring-out like Jackendoff's(1996).

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.329-372
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• 2002

Tobin (1993) argues that verbs can be classified according to the process/result distinction. He further claims that the grammatical development of the lexical verbs into auxiliary/aspectual verbs is motivated by the distinction. In this paper, first, I reconsider Tobin's (1993) claim in the viewpoint of the principle of persistence (Hopper 1991) or the source determination hypothesis (Bybee, Perkins, and Pagliuca 1994), which states that the meaning of the source construction determines the path of grammaticalization. I then classified tense/aspect/ modality markers according to Tobin's (1993) process/result distinction. Finally, I argue that Tobin's (1993) process/result distinction constrains the distribution of grammaticalized verbs among tense/aspect/modality markers not only in English and but also in Korean.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.1248-1257
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• 2005

This paper designs and implements a sentence generation for an augmentive and alternative communication system(AAC). The AAC system is assistive communication device to help the mute language disorder communicate more freely and the system have an objected to reduce time and keystrokes for sentence generating. The paper of sentence generation make up for merits and demerits in the existing sentence generation method and in order to sentence generation. One aspect of Korean language that confines nouns defending on the verbs or postpositional words is used for sentence generation. The distinctive feature of this paper is to connect verbs to nouns using domain knowledge. We utilize the lexical information that exploits characteristics of Korean language for sentence generation. A comparison with other approaches is also presented. This sentence generation is based on lexical information by extracting characteristics of sentences.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.745-748
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• 2014

SentiWordNet is an important lexical resource supporting sentiment analysis in opinion mining applications. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to construct a Vietnamese SentiWordNet (VSWN). SentiWordNet is typically generated from WordNet in which each synset has numerical scores to indicate its opinion polarities. Many previous studies obtained these scores by applying a machine learning method to WordNet. However, Vietnamese WordNet is not available unfortunately by the time of this paper. Therefore, we propose a method to construct VSWN from a Vietnamese dictionary, not from WordNet. We show the effectiveness of the proposed method by generating a VSWN with 39,561 synsets automatically. The method is experimentally tested with 266 synsets with aspect of positivity and negativity. It attains a competitive result compared with English SentiWordNet that is 0.066 and 0.052 differences for positivity and negativity sets respectively.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Corpus Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 2024

This research centers on the Taiwan Eye-Movement Corpus of Spanish (TECS), a specially created corpus comprising eye-tracking data from Chinese-speaking learners of Spanish as a third language in Taiwan. Its primary purpose is to explore the broad utility of TECS in understanding language learning processes, particularly the initial stages of language learning. Constructing this corpus involves gathering data on eye-tracking, reading comprehension, and language proficiency to develop a machine-learning model that predicts learner behaviors, and subsequently undergoes a predictability test for validation. The focus is on examining attention in input processing and their relationship to language learning outcomes. The TECS eye-tracking data consists of indicators derived from eye movement recordings while reading Spanish sentences with temporal references. These indicators are obtained from eye movement experiments focusing on tense verbal inflections and temporal adverbs. Chinese expresses tense using aspect markers, lexical references, and contextual cues, differing significantly from inflectional languages like Spanish. Chinese-speaking learners of Spanish face particular challenges in learning verbal morphology and tenses. The data from eye movement experiments were structured into feature vectors, with learner behaviors serving as class labels. After categorizing the collected data, we used two types of machine learning methods for classification and regression: Random Forests and the k-nearest neighbors algorithm (KNN). By leveraging these algorithms, we predicted learner behaviors and conducted performance evaluations to enhance our understanding of the nexus between learner behaviors and language learning process. Future research may further enrich TECS by gathering data from subsequent eye-movement experiments, specifically targeting various Spanish tenses and temporal lexical references during text reading. These endeavors promise to broaden and refine the corpus, advancing our understanding of language processing.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.16B no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

For more effective index extraction and index weight determination, studies of extracting indices are carried out by using document content as well as structure. However, most of studies are concentrating in calculating the importance of context rather than that of XML tag. These conventional studies determine its importance from the aspect of common sense rather than verifying that through an objective experiment. This paper, for the automatic indexing by using the tag information of XML document that has taken its place as the standard for web document management, classifies major tags of constructing a paper according to its importance and calculates the term weight extracted from the tag of low weight. By using the weight obtained, this paper proposes a method of calculating the final weight while updating the term weight extracted from the tag of high weight. In order to determine more objective weight, this paper tests the tag that user considers as important and reflects it in calculating the weight by classifying its importance according to the result. Then by comparing with the search performance while using the index weight calculated by applying a method of determining existing tag importance, it verifies effectiveness of the index weight calculated by applying the method proposed in this paper.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.8B no.6
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• pp.685-692
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• 2001

This paper describes how to disambiguate the aspectual meaning of Japanese expression "-te iru" in Japanese-Korean machine translation Due to grammatical similarities of both languages, almost all Japanese- Korean MT systems have been developed under the direct MT strategy, in which the lexical disambiguation is essential to high-quality translation. Japanese has a progressive aspectual marker “-te iru" which is difficult to translate into Korean equivalents because in Korean there are two different progressive aspectual markers: "-ko issta" for "action progressive" and "-e issta" for "state progressive". Moreover, the aspectual system of both languages does not quite coincide with each other, so the Korean progressive aspect could not be determined by Japanese meaning of " te iru" alone. The progressive aspectural meaning may be parially determined by the meaning of predicates and also the semantic meaning of predicates may be partially reshicted by adverbials, so all Japanese predicates are classified into five classes : the 1nd verb is used only for "action progrssive",2nd verb generally for "action progressive" but occasionally for "state progressive", the 3rd verb only for "state progressive", the 4th verb generally for "state progressive", but occasIonally for "action progressive", and the 5th verb for the others. Some heuristic rules are defined for disambiguation of the 2nd and 4th verbs on the basis of adverbs and abverbial phrases. In an experimental evaluation using more than 15,000 sentances from "Asahi newspapers", the proposed method improved the translation quality by about 5%, which proves that it is effective in disambiguating "-te iru" for Japanese-Korean machine translation.translation quality by about 5%, which proves that it is effective in disambiguating "-te iru" for Japanese-Korean machine translation.anslation.