• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.126-136
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among use of earphones, stress level, and hearing threshold in university students. Methods: Study subjects included 210 university students (76 men, 134 women). Data were collected by questionnaire and audiometer from December 17 to 20, 2011. The SPSS win 19.0 program was used for data analysis by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: 1) 4KHz, 6KHz hearing threshold of subjects who used earphones was higher than average hearing threshold of same age group. 2) Not significant differences in hearing threshold were observed according to frequency of use, and stress level. 3) Significant differences in 4KHz hearing threshold were observed according to earphone volume. 4) A significant positive correlation was observed between frequency of use and stress level (r=0.15, p<.05), earphone volume, and 4KHz hearing threshold (left) (r=0.15, p<.05); however, a negative correlation was observed between stress level and 4KHz hearing threshold (right) (r=-0.14, p<.05). Conclusion: A significant positive correlation was observed between frequency of use and stress level and earphone volume and 4KHz hearing threshold (left). Development of a program for hearing conservation is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.20-30
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress level and health status of primary caregivers living with demented elderly. Method: The subject was 92 primary caregivers who had been taking care of demented elderly at home. The research tools were a stress questionnaire and health status questionnaire. The data were collected through direct interview with a questionnaire in the B city, from February to March 2004. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and Scheffe test using SPSS/PC 11.0 program. Results: The primary caregivers living with demented elderly showed slightly high level of stress and moderate level of health status. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the stress level and the mental and the physical health status. Conclusion: Based on the results, we recommend the development of an intervention program to decrease the stress level of primary caregivers living with demented elderly for improving their health status.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.147-158
• /
• 2003

This study aimed to investigate the effect of each constituent-herb of Sagoonja-Tang on the plasma corticosterone level in mice exposed to heat stress. Each formula(0.5g/kg, 1.0g/kg) was injected intragastrically to mice exposed to forced hot water swimming(42$^{\circ}C$, 3min) before measuring the change of plasma corticosterone level of mice. The results were as follows: 1. At 15 minutes after the heat stress for 3 minutes the most significant increase of corticosterone level was shown. 2. Ginseng group didn't show significant changes. 3. Atractylodis group showed significant decrease at 0.5g/kg dose(P<0.05). But it showed slightly increase at 1.0g/kg dose. 4. Poria group didn't show significant changes. 5. Glycyrrhizae group showed slightly increase, but insignificant. These data revealed that Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma might have the anti-stress effect through the control of plasma corticosterone level in mice exposed to heat stress.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2007

This study aimed at investigating the level of high school students' entrance exam stress and mental health first and also investigating if the entrance exam stress and mental health are related to gender, grade, character type, parenting style and economic status. This is expected to be used as a fundamental data for the development of health education program on high school students' stress and diagnosis of their mental health. To achieve those goals above, the questionnaire was used and the sample consisted of 600 students from general high schools in a large city, C and in a smaller city, A in Chungnam province through questionnaire and the conclusion, which was based on 582 proper questionnaires from the 600 questionnaires, through variable analysis, correlation analysis and multi-regression, is below. First, according to the information provided by respondents, the result showed the relationship between those background variables and the entrance exam stress and mental health level. As the students are more introverted and the parenting style is more authoritative, the entrance exam stress is higher and the mental health level is higher as the parenting style is more authoritative and the economic status is lower. In gender, the entrance exam stress level was high for male students in regard to parents pressure. For female students, it was due to the insufficient free time. In test performance, the good grade group showed high stress level when they don't have enough free time and the poor grade group showed high stress level when they have test tension and poor test performance. In character style, the introverted group showed high stress level in future uncertainty. In parenting style, the authoritative group showed significantly high level in all four sub-factors and there is no significant relationship with the stress level and economic statue. Female students reported higher mental health level than male students in somatization and depression. In academic achievement, the poor grade group showed high level in obsession, fear-anxiety and psychotism. In character style, the introverted group showed high level in sensitivity towards others and depression. And in parenting style, the authoritative group is higher in 9 sub-factors than the other two groups in the factor, economic status. The lower economic status group showed high mental health problem level in this order; in obsession, sensitivity towards others, depression, paranonia and psychotism. Second, the results revealed that there is a significant difference among the groups after comparing and analyzing the relationship between the mental health level according to the three groups, the first, second and third group divided by the degree of entrance exam stress. And the higher the entrance exam stress is, the higher the mental health problem level is. Verification showed that there was obvious difference among the groups. the entrance exam stress was positively correlated with the mental health level. The lack of free time, future uncertainty, test anxiety/poor test performance and parents pressure, these factors, in that order, were correlated with the mental health level. when the prediction variables which influenced on mental health are analyzed, test-anxiety/poor test performance was found to be related to mental health most. And after the factor, test-anxiety, future uncertainty and the lack of free time were listed(ranked), however results did not show any correlation with parents' pressure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.483-492
• /
• 2020

Dietary components can modulate stress, inflammatory indicators, and health risk. This study examined the relationship among diet, metabolic disease risk, and perceived stress in Korean adult females using the 2017-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 4,353 adult women aged 19-64 years were classified into four groups according to perceived stress level: very high stress group (VHSG, n=225), high stress group (HSG, n=1,079), moderate stress group (MSG, n=2,532), and low stress group (LSG, n=517). Data collection included the sociodemographics, anthropometrics, blood profile, and dietary survey. After adjusting for covariates, those in the VHSG had a higher body mass index (p=0.013) and obesity rate (p=0.053) with a shorter sleep time than the LSG group. The VHSG also tended to have a higher plasma LDL-cholesterol, hsC-reactive protein and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol, vitamin A, and vitamin E than the low stress group. High stress subjects demonstrated increased breakfast skipping frequency (p<0.0001), decreased fiber intake (p=0.001), potassium (p=0.041), and vitamin A (p=0.011) than the low stress ones. Therefore the perceived stress level was associated with the inflammatory indicators, obesity, and lack of anti-inflammatory or antioxidant nutrients. The dietary components may be an important mediator of stress and metabolic disease.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.495-502
• /
• 2023

In this study, stress relaxation tests were carried out by keeping silt type soil specimens under different strain levels. Decreases in the stress values with time data was collected to better understand the effect of the strain level on the relaxation properties of soil specimens. In addition, the stress relaxation effect on the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) values of the specimens was investigated with a series of tests. According to the results obtained from this study, the UCS values of the silt specimens significantly vary as a result of the stress relaxation effect. The UCS values were determined to increase with an increase of relaxation strain level to a threshold value. On the other hand, the UCS values were found to be affected adversely in case of high stress levels at the initiation of the relaxation, which are close to the peak level.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.85-105
• /
• 2005

Purpose : Investigate the effects of Chungganhaewooltang(CHT) on immobilization-stress or cold-stress in C576BL/6J mice. Methods : Male C57BL/6J 30 mice of weighting 18${\pm}$2g, were divided into sixs groups including the immobilization-stress group(5heads), after immobilization-stress CHT oral administration(500mg/kg) groups(5heads), cold-stress group(5heads) and after cold-stress CHT oral administration(500mg/kg) groups(5heads). then we observed changes in the serum histamine and corticosterone level and changes immune system Results : Immobilization-stress or cold-stress increased the serum level of histamine and corticosterone. CHT decreased the serum level of histamine and corticosterone increased by cold-stress. CHT inhibited the release of histamine from mast cells at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. In addition, immobilization-stress or cold-stress decreased the cell viability of murine thymocytes and splenocytes. CHT increased the cell viability of thymocytes decreased by immobilization-stress or cold-stress, but did not affect the cell viability of splenocytes decreased by immobilization-stress or cold-stress. Also immobilization-stress or cold-stress increased DNA fragmentation of thymocytes and splenocytes. CHT decreased DNA fragmentation of thymocytes increased by immobilization-stress or cold-stress, but did not affect DNA fragmentation of splenocytes increased by immobilization-stress or cold-stress. Immobilization-stress increased the population of thymic $CD4^+$ cells. CHT decreased the population of thymic $CD4^+$ cells increased by immobolization-stress. Immobilization-stress or cold-stress decreased the population of $B220^+$ cells and increased the population of $thy1^+$ cells. CHT decreased the population of $thy1^+$ cells increased by immobilization-stress or cold-stress. Immobilization-stress or cold-stress increased the population of splenic $CD4^+$ cells and $CD8^+$ cells. CHT decreased the population of splenic $CD4^+$ cells increased by immobolization-stress or cold-stress. Immobilization-stress or cold-stress decreased the production of ${\gamma}-interferon$(IFN) interleukin(IL)-2 and IL-4. CHT enhanced the production of ${\gamma}-IFN$ decreased by immobilization-stress or cold-stress but did not affect the production of IL-2 and IL-4 decreased by immobilization-stress or cold-stress. Furthermore, Immobilization- stress or cold-stress decreased the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and the production of nitric oxide. CHT enhanced the phagocytic activity and nitric oxide production decreased by cold-stress. Conclusion : CHT may be useful for the prevention and treatment of stress via suppression of serum histamine and corticosterone level and enhancement of immune response.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.109-129
• /
• 2007

This study aims at grasping the relativity between laborers' yangseng level and stress so as to present the groundwork for preventive oriental medicine approach in industrial health. The researcher prepared the questionnaire on general character, health-related yangseng level and chose 632 people to execute Autonomic balance test through heartbeat change. The collected material was analyzed by SPSS and tested by T-test, ANOVA. The general yangseng level average is 3.27, morality yangseng 3.91, sleep yangseng 3.39, mind yangseng 3.32, sex life yangseng 3.29, exercise yangseng 3.14, activities and rest yangseng 3.07, diet yangseng 2.95, seasonal yangseng 2.84. The highest is morality yangseng and seasonal yangseng is the lowest. In the aspect of yangseng level : Having a spouse, Non-smoking, Non-drinking, Regular exercising, Sufficient sleeping have higher yanseng levels. In Autonomic balance test, age from 35 to 40 has the highest autonomic activity and job period from 5 years to 10 years has the highest stress resistance. Non-smokers have high autonomic activity and stress resistance. Further, have low autonomic balance, stress index and fatigue strength. In the case of regular exercising person, he/she has high autonomic activity and stress resistance with low stress index. Regarding sleeping time, autonomic balance is the highest when he/she sleeps less than 6 hours. Stress resistance is the highest when he/she sleeps 7 hours and stress index is the highest when he/she sleeps 6 hours. After comparing the relativity between yangseng level autonomic balance test, only exercise yangseng has plus factor on autonomic activity and stress resistance and minus factor on stress ind ex and fatigue strength. Yangseng level has been affected by individual character and daily habits. Also stress is more influenced by daily habits than by individual character. We can find the relativity of exercise yangseng between yangseng and stress which suggests that we need to take measures to win over stress in individual health in the near future.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.770-780
• /
• 2001

This quasi-experimental study was to explore the effects of back massage with Lavender essence oil on the stress response of the ICU nurses. Method: Twenty nurses were selected as an experimental group and twenty nurses were in the control group. Lavender essence oil mixed with Jojova carrier oil was used to massage the neck, shoulder, back, and low back. Massage was done three times a week for 20 minutes for 2 weeks by the massage therapist. The stress response was measured with a subjective stress score, Cortisol and IgA level in saliva. The cortisol level in saliva was analyzed by an radioimmunoassay before and after back massage. The level of IgA in saliva was analyzed by an immunoturbidimeter assay and subjective stress scores was measured by Visual Analogue Scale. The data was analyzed using SPSS 8.0 and the hypotheses were tested by ANCOVA and the Pearson coefficient correlation. Result: 1) Score of subjective stress decreased significantly after the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil. 2) Level of Cortisol in saliva did not change significantly after the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil. 3) Level of IgA in saliva increased significantly after the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil. 4) After the use of back massage with Lavender essence oil, there was significant negative correlation between subjective stress and level of IgA in saliva. Conclusion: Back massage with Lavender essence oil is an effective intervention to reduce the stress response in the ICU nurses.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.33-47
• /
• 1997

The purpose of the study is to examine the differences between rural and urban in the factors and the level of stress in adolescent, inner control and communication with parents. Also, It is to research the influence of environmental variables, inner control and communication with parents on adolescent's stress in sides of rural and urban. Therefore, I provide needed data in instructing students. For the data set, academic high school students in second grade in a town for rural and Su-Seung gu, Dal-Sugu, chung gu in Dae-gu for urban were chosen. The data were analyzed with the frequency, percentage, factor analysis Mean, S.D, reliability, t-test, regression in use of Spss PC+ Program. The main results are as follow. First, for rural students, stress level is displayed studies, future0affair, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower sphere. For urban students, it is displayed future-affair, studies, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower shpere. In case of rural "I don't know effective study method" is highly displayed by factors. In case of urban. "I am tired of a competitive life" is highly displayed. The mean of stress level is 3.22 for rural and 3.07 for urban. The differences between rural and urban are showed in self-assurance, studies and companions. Finally when we see the stress generally the stress level is higher in rural high school students than in urban high school students. Second, rural students are lower displayed than urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference in communication with a mother. third, influential variables on stress level are inner control, communication with parents, satisfaction with companions and school life as environmental variables in sides of rural and urban. Physical condition is added for rural and sex for urban Finally we get the result that stress level is high in low inner control, poor communication with parents, bad companions and unsatisfied school life for both rural and urban. Bad physical condition for rural and female for urban are added.