• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.18
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• pp.277-278
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• 2005

Admittance Spectroscopic analysis was applied to study the effect of LiF buffer layer and to model the equivalent circuit for poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV)-based polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) with the LiF cathode buffer layer. The single layer device with ITO/MEH-PPV/Al structure can be modeled as a simple parallel combination of resistor and capacitor. Insertion of a LiF layer at the Al/MEH-PPV interface shifts the highest occupied molecular orbital level and the vacuum level of the MEH-PPV layer as a result the barrier height for electron injection at the Al/MEH-PPV interface is reduced. The admittance spectroscopy measurement of the devices with the LiF cathode buffer layer shows reduction in contact resistance ($R_c$), parallel resistance ($R_p$) and increment in parallel capacitance ($C_p$).

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2011

The effect of dietary feeding of silk fibroin/sericinmixtureson the antioxidative status and glucose metabolism in high fat-fed mice was investigated. The mice weregiven experimental diets for 6 weeks: normal control (NC),high fat (HF) andhigh fat supplemented with F100 (pure fibroin, HF-F100), F81 (81:19 fibroin-sericin, w/w, HF-F81) or F50 (50:50 fibroin-sericin, w/w, HF-F50). The silk protein-fed mice showed decreased lipid peroxidation, enhancedantioxidant enzymesactivities and lower blood glucose level relative to HF group. The HF-F50 animals exhibited significantly lower insulin level, higher glycogen concentration, enhanced hepatic glucokinaseactivity and reduced glucose-6-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxynaseactivities than the HF ones. The $in$ $vivo$ antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic action tended to increase with increased amount of sericin and decreased fibroin content in the diet. These findings demonstrate that silk protein, particularly sericin, may be beneficial in suppressing high fat diet-induced hyperglycemiaand oxidative stress.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.26-39
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• 2003

The elderly can experience a lot of stressful events and the stress acts as a various fluent that affects a well-being level, the self-contentment of lives, and the achievements by themselves. Also, the elderly are different from the young in many unexpressed stress and have diverse copings for perceived stress. Moreover, they mainly seem to use a problem-focused coping and an emotion-focused coping. To use whatever copings is to improve the quality of life in the old period and very important fact to achieve their ends. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Perceived Stress and the Ways of Coping in the Elderly and to gain the baseline data for development of nursing intervention program for improve to the quality of life in the elderly. The design of this study was a correlational study. The subjects of this study consisted of 230 of the elderly living in Pusan. The data was collected from 1st July. to 1st September, 2002. The instruments used for this study were 'Perceived Stress Scale(20items, 5point. scale)' developed by Kang In(1990) and translated by Lee young-ja(1999), and its reliability is Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.89$. 'Coping Scale(30items, 4point. scale, 14 items about a problem-focused coping, 16 items about an emotion-focused coping, 4 points scale) developed by Lazarus & Folkman(1984) and translated by Yang Young-hee(1998). The reliability of this study is Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.90$. The data was analyzed by the SPSS WIN 10.0 program using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA & Scheffe test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The mean score of perceived stress was $31.75{\pm}10.23$(Min 20, Max 100), which the item mean score was $1.59{\pm}.51$(Min 1, Max 5). 2. The number of subjects in a problem-focused coping was 72(31.3%), the number of subjects in an emotion-focused coping was 158(68.7%) 3. There were statistically significant positive correlation between perceived stress and problem-focused coping method and the more emotion-focoused coping method.(r=.180, r= .209, P< .05). It means the more stress, the more problem-focused coping method and the more emotion-focused coping method. 4. There was significant difference the score of perceived stress according to sex (F=-5.057, P=.000)marital status, (F=-2.909, P=.004), economic level, (F=10.243, P=.000), paticipated meeting, (F=9.346, P=.000), perceived health status(F=5.117, P=.007). 5. There was significant difference the score of problem-focused coping method according to age(F=14.200, P=.000), marital status (F=2.432, P=.0160), economic level (F=14.410, P=.000), monthly income, (F=8.300. P=.000), income resource (F=10.235, P=.000), educational level (F=15.222, P=.000), occupation (F=1.544, P=.041), paticipated meeting (F=4.936, P=.008), perceived health status(F=5.655, P=.004). And there was significant difference the score of emotion-focused coping method according to monthly income(F=4.781, P=.009), income resource(F=2.930, P=.035), educational level(F=6.101, P=.003), religionF=2.698, P=.032), paticipated meetings(F=7.285, P=.001). As a result of the study, the elderly had a bit less stress and the two-thirds of the elderly used the emotion-focused coping. Thus, the more perceived stress, the more problem-focused coping method and the more emotion-focused coping method. Accordingly, to improve the quality of life of the elderly, there needs and applies a nursing intervention program that relieves the stress and use effective coping method.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.333-339
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• 2010

It is difficult to determine an optimal inventory level of aircraft engine and modules to achieve the target operational availability since F100-PW-200 & 229 engines of the F-16 & KF-16 aircraft are consisted of 5 modules with different failure rates and costs. This study presents a decision model, combining an integer programming problem and a regression metamodel. Data for the metamodel was attained from results of a simulation model, that represents operational and repair process of F-16 and KF-16. The objective function of an integer programming problem is maximizing the operational availability, representing pessimistic circumstances. Finally, an integer programming problem with a metamodel can make an optimal decision of the inventory level.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.43-44
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• 2018

In the past, safety management has been carried out mainly by constructors, but now, participants of all construction projects such as clients, designers, constructors, and construction managers are being changed to perform safety management together. Among them, the design safety review, which examines whether the client has secured the design safety at the design stage, has been implemented since May 19, 2016, but it has not been properly implemented. Therefore, this study analyzed perception level and problems of D.F.S in architecture design firms and suggested the solutions.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the discharge nursing needs of patients who received gastrectomy. Method: The subjects of this study consisted of 100 patients who had gastric surgery in 4 university hospitals in chungnam province. The instrument for this study was developed by the researcher based on literature through in-depth interviews. Data was collected from October 4 to October 30, 2000. Result: The results were as follows: Discharge nursing needs were classified in 8 main categories. The 8 categories were 'emotional and spiritual support', 'nutrition and diet control', 'medication', 'treatment planning and follow up care', 'activity level', 'symptom management' 'health seeking behavior' and 'social support'. The total mean score for nursing needs was 3.89. 'Nutrition and diet control' was the highest degree of nursing needs and 'activity level' was the lowest degree of nursing needs. There were significant differences in degrees of nursing needs between different ages(F=2.74, p=.048), level of education(F=2.91, p=.038) and period since diagnosis(F=4.46, p=.037). Conclusion: This study looked at 8 categories of discharge nursing needs. Patients identified 'nutrition and diet control' as the highest need and 'activity level' as the lowest need. Further research needs to be done to identify discharge educational needs for various age groups, educational level and for patients with varing lengths of diagnosis time to surgery.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.513-522
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• 2002

This study investigated stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms in mid-life men, and examined their relationship in order to better understand the stress and climacteric symptom experiences of mid-life men, and thereby attempted to offer basic materials for the development of a health improvement program that may help increase the quality of life of mid-life men. Three hundred mid-life men whose ages were between 40 and 59 and resided in the Seoul area were subjects of this study. The data were analyzed with the SAS PC program using descriptive statistics to analyze subjects' general characteristics and variables of stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms of the subjects. The relationship between stress and climacteric symptoms were examined by the Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms in relation to the general characteristics were analyzed by T-test and ANOVA. The study conclusions are as follows: 1. Subjects general characteristics The average, age of the subjects was 46 and 47.0% of them reported ages between 40 and 45. Of the subjects, 98% were married. In marriage satisfaction, those who were generally satisfied with their married life comprised 62.0% of the subjects. In terms of level of education, 95.7% were educated above the high school level. In occupational background, 59.7% had occupations related to technologies. As for religion, 42.7% had no religion. In number of children, 67.3% had 2 children. In residential status, 79,3% were living in their own homes. In terms of living arrangements, 87.7% of the subjects were living in the form of nuclear families. 2. Stress and the extent of climacteric symptoms The level of stress was scored as $2.94{\pm}0.74$, and considering that the overall examination score is $27.16{\pm}1.32$, the subjects' stress level was not viewed as particularly high. The average score of the extent of climacteric symptoms was $35.37{\pm}0.27$. The extent of sub-domains of climacteric symptoms included skeleton symptoms ($39.37{\pm}2.81$), joint pain ($39.16{\pm}3.66$), vasomotor symptoms ($35.39{\pm}3.01$), other symptoms ($36.99{\pm}3.02$), psychological symptoms ($34.68{\pm}3.01$), urogenic symptoms ($35.03{\pm}3.27$), and cardiovascular symptoms ($33.70{\pm}2.78$). 3. General characteristics in relation to the stress level The subjects' general characteristics that were significantly related to the level of stress were marriage status (F=4.38, p=.001), marriage satisfaction (F=4.56, p=.001), educational background (F=2.68, p=.012), and age (F=2.48, p=.033). 4. General characteristics in relation to the level of climacteric symptoms The subjects' general characteristics that were significantly related to the level of climacteric symptoms were educational background (F=3.26, p=.007), age (F=2.58, p=.027), marriage status (F=2.62, p=.025), and marriage satisfaction (F=2.78. p=.032). 5. The correlation between stress and climacteric symptoms The subjects' level of stress and climacteric symptoms were significantly related to each other (r=0.578, p=0.000). The subjects' level of stress was correlated with sub-domains of the climacteric symptoms including psychological symptoms (r=0.579, p=0.000), joint pain (r=0.479, p=0.000), skeleton symptoms (r=0.477, p=0.000), other symptoms (r=0.467, p=0.000), vasomotor symptoms (r=0.4615, p=0.000), cardiovascular symptoms (r=0.458, p=0.000), urogenic symptoms (r=0.401. p=0.000). In summary, the climacteric symptoms suffered by mid-life men are positively correlated with their level of stress. In addition, the climacteric symptoms were affected by the level of stress.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.186-198
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze social support, job satisfaction and burnout level of Korean nurses who are working in Germany. The data were obtained from 71 nurses in terms of questionnaire which was distributed between October 2000. to January 2001. The analysis of the data was done by means of the SPSS program. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The subjects had social supporters on the average of 8 to 9. The total social support score was 264.79. An analysis of the relationship between social support and general characteristics for the subjects was found to be statistically significant in the case of religion(t=2.783, p< .05 ) and work experience(F=2.594, p< .05). 2. The mean score of job satisfaction was the highest in interaction(3.71) followed by the relationship between nurses and doctors (3.56), and then followed by autonomy, professional position, pay, requirements, administration in descending order. So the total mean score 3.33 was based on a maximum score of 5. An analysis of the relationship between job satisfaction and general characteristics for the subjects was found to be statistically significant in the case of the thought of the value for the nurse job (F=4.977, p< .001). 3. The mean score of burnout level was 2.94 based on a maximum score of 7. Burnout level was the highest in the order of physical exhaustion, emotional exhaustion and mental exhaustion. An analysis of the relationship between burnout level and general characteristics for the subjects was found to be statistically significant in the case of planning period of employed nursing profession (F=4.113, p< .001), shift of work department (F=2.593, p< .05 ), thought of the value for the nurse job (F=3.789, p< .001). 4. The job satisfaction was found higher as the social support was higher(r= .278, p< .05). The burnout level was found lower as the social support was higher(r= .342, p< .01). The burnout level was found lower as the job satisfaction was higher(r= .478, p< .01). These results discussed on the above indicated that social support influenced on job satisfaction and burnout level, and that job satisfaction influenced on burnout level. To improve job satisfaction for the nurse, it is necessary that the role of social support as well as the method to increase it should be investigated correctly. The study to adjust as well as to prevent burnout level is absolutely needed.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of body perception, obesity, and factors associated with stages of exercise and dietary habits change in university students. Methods: A descriptive design was used. Data were collected from 279 university students using structured questionnaires. Results: The body perception was significantly associated with self rated health (F=27.89. p<.001), weight satisfaction (F=137.74. p<.001) and weight control interest (F=39.19. p<.001). The BMI was significantly associated with weight satisfaction (F=34.08. p<.001) and weight control interest (F=19.59. p=.003). But the body perception and BMI were not significantly associated with depression (F=2.17, p=.073, F=0.86. p=.462), the change of exercise (F=25.91. p=.055, F=20.34. p=.061), and dietary habits (F=12.96. p=.677, F=11.29. p=.505). The related factors affecting the change of exercise behavior were counter conditioning, self efficacy, eating behavior, and helping relationship, including 30.4% R-square. The related factor affecting the change of dietary habit was only eating behavior, including 20.0% R-square. Conclusion: This study can provide useful information to develop effective programs for the change of exercise and dietary habits considering university students' stages of change according to the transtheoretical model.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1380-1389
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• 2015

Prx1, an AhpF-dependent 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prx), was previously identified in Vibrio vulnificus, a facultative aerobic pathogen. In the present study, transcription of the V. vulnificus prx1ahpF genes, which are adjacently located on the chromosome, was evaluated by analyzing the promoter and intergenic region of the two genes. Northern blot analyses revealed that transcription of prx1ahpF results in two transcripts, the prx1 and prx1ahpF transcripts. Primer extension analysis and a point mutational analysis of the promoter region showed that the two transcripts are generated from a single promoter. In addition, the 3' end of the prx1 transcript at the prx1ahpF intergenic region was determined by a 3'RACE assay. These results suggested that the prx1ahpF genes are transcribed as an operon, and the prx1 transcript was produced by transcriptional termination in the intergenic region. RNA secondary structure prediction of the prx1ahpF intergenic region singled out a stem-loop structure without poly(U) tract, and a deletion analysis of the intergenic region showed that the atypical stem-loop structure acts as the transcriptional attenuator to result in the prx1 and prx1ahpF transcripts. The combined results demonstrate that the differential expression of prx1 and ahpF is accomplished by the cis-acting transcriptional attenuator located between the two genes and thereby leads to the production of a high level of Prx1 and a low level of AhpF.