• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2010

Purpose: Most of the bilateral structures in our body are not perfectly balanced, such that one side is preferred than the other or it has physiological superiority. Eyes also have an imbalance; the eye with sensory and motional superiority compared to the other is called dominant eye. Authors of this study focused on analyzing the correlation between the dominant eye and levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Methods: The subject of this study was 42 patients with no ptosis and with no past history of blepharoplasty. Hand dominance was identified through questionnaire and dominant eye was identified by hole-in-the-card dominance test (Dolman's test) in all patients. The function of levator palpebrae superioris muscle was measured by MLD (marginal limbal distance). During the measuring procedure, frontalis muscle was not inhibited to avoid the eyelid skin hooding. Results: Out of 42 patients, 27 patients (64.3%) were right ocular dominant, 15 patients (35.7%) were left ocular dominant, 36 patients (85.7%) were right hand dominant and 4 patients (9.5%) were left hand dominant. Out of 27 right ocular dominant patients, right MLD was larger than the left in 26 patients (96.3%). It was larger in average of 0.47 mm (p<0.001) in 27 right ocular dominant patients. Also, left MLD was larger than the right in 11 patients (73.3%) out of 15 left ocular dominant patients. It was larger in average of 0.57 mm (p=0.003) in 27 left ocular dominant patients. MLD on the side of the dominant eye was larger in average of 0.50 mm (p<0.001) than the MLD of non-dominant eye side. Right MLD was larger than the left in average of 0.28mm (p=0.010) in right hand dominant patients, and left MLD was larger than the right in average of 1.15 mm (p=0.025) in left hand dominant patients. Conclusion: The function of levator palpebrae muscle differs in right and left, and the difference correlates with the dominant eye. Also, the function of levator palpebrae muscle is stronger in the dominant eye. We were able to present statistical evidence regarding the difference of the function in right and left levator palpebrae muscle. This may be a factor worth consideration in terms of balancing the eyes during the blepharoplasty.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.100-111
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• 2002

Objectives : In order to obtain the clinical type of facial palsy sequelae and try to make the treatment protocols for each, I observed patients who visited Gunpo-Wonkwang oriental medicine center with Bell’s palsy sequelae that were treated over three months. Methods : I make the value standard of muscle paralysis, contraction, synkinesis and acquired the results as follows. Results and Conclusions : 1. The distribution of age and sex was as follows : females of 41-50 years were the most common demographic, females of 51-60 years and males of 31-40 years were the second, males of 51-60 years were the third, females of 21-30 years and males of over 60 years were the fourth, and males of 41-50 years were the fifth. 2. The distributions of period of disease were as follows : 3-6 months was the most, 12-18 months was the second, 6-12 months and over 24 months was the third, and 18-24 months was the fourth. 3. The sequelae distributions of disease were as follows. In the group of 3-6 months, 12 persons (80%) showed palsy and atrophy, 10 persons (66.6%) showed synkinetics. In the group of over 6 months, all patients showed muscle palsy, muscle atrophy and synkinetics. All groups showed lower sensitivity of muscles, but the group of 18-24 months and the group of over 24 months showed more. Tinnitus was shown by the groups of 12-18 months and 3-6 months. Facial muscle pain was shown by the group of3-6 months only, Crocodile's tear was shown by the groups of 18-24 months and over 24 months. 4. The total palsy rates of sequela patients and palsy rates by muscle for disease period were as follows. The total palsy rate was 27.94%; the palsy rates for the group of 6-12 months and the group of over 24 months was lower than the total palsy rate. The rates of the groups of 3-6, 12-18, 18-24 months were higher than the total palsy rate. The palsy rate of zygomatic minor, levator labii superior muscle was higher than the total palsy rate for all groups. 5. Synkinetics manifestation rates by disease period were as follows. Total synkinetics manifestation rate was 73.81 %; the manifestation rate of the group of 6-12 months was lower than total synkinetics manifestation rate. For the groups of 12-18, 18-24, and over 24 months it was more than the total synkinetics manifestation rate. The group of over 24 months, total synkinetics induced by orbicularis oculi muscle and orbicularis oris muscle. 6. Facial muscle atrophy rates by disease period were as follows. Total atrophy rate was 5.26%; in the groups of 6-12, 18-24, over 24 months, the atrophy rates were higher than the total atrophy rate. The groups of 3-6 and 12-18 months showed lower than the total atrophy rates, while the atrophy of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle and levator palpebrae inferioris muscle was higher than in other groups.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.93-96
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• 2008

Purpose: Sudoriferous cyst usually occurs on the face, and especially on the ear and scalp as a solitary cystic mass. It is derived from the sweat glands of Moll and results from the obstruction of excretory ducts with the retention of fluid. In the eyelid, it is usually seen as small and firm vesicle arising at the eyelid margin. If it rarely occurs on the orbit, it develops from orbital ectopic epithelial cells predetermined to form glands of Moll. We experienced a case of sudoriferous cyst on eyelid which was adhered to levator aponeurosis and it disappeared when patient closed eyes. Methods: A 55-year-old women suffered palpable mass on left upper eyelid without pain that had been present for 25 years. Orbital computed tomographic finding showed a oval mass($2.1{\times}0.6{\times}0.6cm$ size) inside upper eyelid and it invaded the orbit. The mass was completely excised under general anesthesia and histopathological examination was followed. Results: Cystic mass was purple color and it was located in superiorly to tarsal plate. The mass was adhered to levator aponeurosis and levator palpabrae superioris muscle between the fat layer of post-orbital septum and the Whitnall ligament. The mass was completely excised without injury of aponeurosis and muscle. Microscopically, the lesion was a solitary cyst lined by two layers of cuboidal epithelial cells and innermost cells displaying eosinophilic cytoplasm with apical expansions. Conclusion: Sudoriferous cyst usually occurs on eyelid margin. But in this case, cystic mass occurred on upper eyelid and disappeared when patient closed the eyes because it was partially adhered to levator aponeurosis and levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Therefore, if sudoriferous cyst occurs on eyelid, it is necessary to excised the mass carefully.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제12궈1호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2001

Oculomotor nerve is the third cranial nerve, controlls four of the six extraocular muscles(superior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle and inferior oblique muscle), levator palpebrae superioris muscle, cilliary muscle and muscle sphincter pupillae. In the oculomotor nerve palsy, limited oculogyration, diplopia, blepharoptosis, accomodation paralysis and mydriasis can be occured. We experienced an improved case of the oculomotor nerve palsy patient treated with oriental medicine for 25days. We used herbal medicine and acupuncture. Based on this experience, it is considered that oriental medicine can be applied to the treatment of the oculomotor nerve palsy.