• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2004

This study analyzed the main bodies, sizes of litters, spaces between letters, Words, lines, length of lines, sizes of main body and margin, Position of the main bodies of PDF(Portable Document Format) in high schools and "the criteria of reading system for the textbooks" which was suggested by the Department of Education and Provided some suggestions for the improvement. First, it is judged that spaces of the main body of textbooks should be shrunken to make the ratio of 50:50 between the main body and space margin. Second, it is judged that the main body should be placed in the center of text page. Third, the results of the above findings showed that it would be difficult to deal with the task of deciding space and position or the main body and marginal space in a form of single project, because there are many variables involved and psychologically complicated elements which can not be measured objectively.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.174-196
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• 2021

Even though Sino-American relations of the Donald Trump era were perceived as predominately confrontational, with a symbolic trade war between the two, the scale of economic interdependencies between the United States and China results in either a need for collaboration or in serious losses on both sides in the case of lack of cooperation. The paper aims at analyzing economic relations between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China at the time of the Trump presidency. Analysis is based on the complex interdependence theory of Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye. The main hypothesis analyzed in the paper states: Asymmetric interdependence between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America limits the scope, intensity and length of a trade war. For the sake of the paper, economic interdependence will be analyzed. Apart from the reference to the state of the art, the document analysis and descriptive statistics are to be applied in the paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1091-1101
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• 1988

In this paper, a method to segment each character and extract figure from Korean documents is proposed. At first, each character string is extracted by means of iterative horizontal propagation, shrink algorithm and run-length algorithm. Individual character region is extracted by iterative horizontal and vertical manipulation. Next, characters of right pitch are searched. Each character is segmented by the position information. Overlapped character is segmented on the ground of the width of already extracted character. The rest are extracted as special characters of half pitch. Using 9 data input in the form of 840 X 600 from Korean monthly magazine, experiment was simulated. Extraction rate of character is 100%, and that of individual character is 98%. Judging from these results, efficiency on extracting character region and segmenting individual character is proved.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.1-4
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• 2000

This paper presents the analytical results of local - global interaction buckling of orthotropic I-shape compression members. Employing the equilibrium approach, the characteristic equation for local and global interaction buckling of I-shape compression member is derived. Using the derived equation, the buckling coefficients with respect to the ratio of length to width for the I-shape column are suggested as a graphical form. In addition, graphical forms of local, global and FEM results are presents, and they are compared with those in published document.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.18-22
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• 1995

문서 검색 시스템의 도치 색인 파일은 저장 공간과 검색 시간을 줄이기 위해 색인어 사전과 문서번호를 위한 이진 도치 파일 또는 비트벡터로 구성할 수 있다. 비트벡터는 1의 값을 가지는 비트만 저장함으로써 압축이 가능하나, Bit tree 압축 방법은 block의 크기가 어떻게 결정되느냐에 따라 압축률이 달라진다. 본 논문에서는 비트벡터에 나타나는 1의 값을 가지는 비트의 개수에 의해 bit tree 압축에 대한 최적의 block 크기를 결정하는 방법을 했다. 최적의 block의 크기는 (전체 비트벡터의 크기 / 1의 개수)보다 작거나 같은 최대의 2의 승수이다. 또한 block내의 1의 값을 가지는 비트의 위치에 의해 상대 위치값을 계산해서 block의 오른쪽 반에 나타나는 비트를 더 압축할 수 있는 기법을 구현한다. 본 논문에서 구현한 압축 기법은 Run Length를 이용한 방법에 비해서 13.65%, 기존의 Bit Tree 방법에 비해서 1.88%의 압축률을 개선했다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10c
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• pp.556-558
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• 1998

이미지 분석이나 데이터 베이스 인덱싱 또는 종이 문서를 전자 문서화 하는 문제는컴퓨터 비젼 응용분야에서 중요 관심사가 되어왔다. 이러한 문제들을 처리하기 위해서는 제일 먼저 이미지와 문자가 혼합되어 있는 문서에서 자동으로 문자와 이미지들을 분리해 내는 과정이 필수 적이다. 본 논문에서는 신문이나 광고등에서 볼 수 있는 이미지, 음각 문자와 양각 문자가 섞여 있는 문서에서 문자만을 추출하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘은 Run-length code를 이용하여 문자나 이미지의 경계선(bound) 모양의 특징을 추출하여 음각 문자와 이미지, 양각 문자를 구분한다. 그리고 추출된 글자들을 3차원 공간상에 매핑한 후 3차원 면적 가중치 그래프를 이용하여 관련된 단어들로 묶어주는 3차원 그룹핑 알고리즘을 제시한다. 실험결과로는 추출된 문자와 그룹핑된 결과를 보여준다.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.150-167
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• 2009

XML has become the new standard for storing, exchanging, and publishing of data over both the internet and the ubiquitous data stream environment. As demand for efficiency in handling XML document grows, labeling scheme has become an important topic in data storage. Recently proposed labeling schemes reflect the dynamic XML environment, which itself provides motivation for the discovery of an efficient labeling scheme. However, previous proposed labeling schemes have several problems: 1) An insertion of a new node into the XML document triggers re-labeling of pre-existing nodes. 2) They need larger memory space to store total label. etc. In this paper, we introduce a new labeling scheme called a Circle Labeling Scheme. In CLS, XML documents are represented in a circular form, and efficient storage of labels is supported by the use of concepts Rotation Number and Parent Circle/Child Circle. The concept of Radius is applied to support inclusion of new nodes at arbitrary positions in the tree. This eliminates the need for re-labeling existing nodes and the need to increase label length, and mitigates conflict with existing labels. A detailed experimental study demonstrates efficiency of CLS.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.1147-1159
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• 1996

In this paper. we develop an efficient algorithm which vectorize the table input for mixed document recognition system. It is necessary to separate character and line for recognizing the character in the table. For recognizing table, we have to recognize the character which is blocked by table line and develop the efficient rectorization method for table line. For vectorizing table, we develop several methods. The first method is to extract table line part using 8-dircction chaincodes. The second method is to extract horizontal and vertical lines using histogram of lines. The third one is to extract diagonal lines of table by using the cross points of horizontal and verticallines. Finally we also develop the table vectorization method which finds the regularity characteristics of horizontal and vertical lines composing table, In the paper, we sugest a regularity method for efficient table vectorization.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.432-441
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• 2002

Though many services offer useful information on internet, computer users are not so familiar with such services that they need an assistant system to use the services easily In the case of web sites, for example, the operators answer the users e-mail questions, but the increasing number of users makes it hard to answer the questions efficiently. In this paper, we propose an assistant system which responds to the users questions automatically and helps them browse the Hanmail Net FAQ (Frequently Asked Question) conceptually. This system uses two-level self-organizing map (SOM): the keyword clustering SOM and document classification SOM. The keyword clustering SOM reduces a variable length question to a normalized vector and the document classification SOM classifies the question into an answer class. Experiments on the 2,206 e-mail question data collected for a month from the Hanmail net show that this system is able to find the correct answers with the recognition rate of 95% and also the browsing based on the map is conceptual and efficient.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.623-630
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• 2007

The remarkable fact regarding the History of Chosun Dynasty(from Jungjong- Youngjo) is that any slightest evidence can't be found that Pobeckchuck was used to measure clothes or various Pobecks. There remains the document that in the 22nd years of Myeonjong, Japan required that Pobeckchuck be used, but it couldn't be allowed because of the reason it was made in the former king. This fact raises the high possibility that Pobeckchuck could be the most trustworthy standardized ruler at that time, and in other point of view, it can be presumed that the measurement in the period of King Sejong continued to have been used until this time. It can be seen that the length of one Chuck of Pobeckchuck at this time must have been equivalent to 46. 73cm of Pobeckchuck of Samchuck in the period of Sejong. In the History of Sunjo Period, many records on Pobeckchuck can be found, which fact seemed to have rectified the measurement system which was disordered by military revolt, though the reason is not clear. Also a record can be found that in the period of Sunjo, Chinese envoy required the Sunjo Regime to use Pobeckchuck for the measurement of copper pillar, which record supports the fact that Pobeckchuck is the standardized ruler. Another record that in the 26th period of Youngjo, Pobeckchuck of Samchuck was corrected according to the Kyeongkukdaejeon shows that the length of Pobeckchuck was 46.80cm at that time. Also, the record which rectified many rulers with the comparison of Hwangjong-chuck, Ju-chuck, Joryeki-chuck, Yongjo-chuck, etc. with one another reveals that the rulers used in the period of Sejong continued to have been used unchanged until in the period of Youngjo.