• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.92-96
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• 1978

Congenital diaphragmatic eventration is a rare disease and generally accepted as an abnormally high position of part or all of the diaphragm, usually associated with a marked decrease in muscle fibers and a membranous appearance of the abnormal area. There were 4 cases of the congenital diaphragmatic eventration at the Dept. of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, from 1957 to 1977. They were two boys and two girls and ranging from 1 day to 3 years of age. They were all repaired by surgical operation and one was expired postoperatively, another one was dead one year later due to complication. The ratio between right and left was 1:3 and their symptoms were cyanosis, dyspnea and frequent respiratory disease. In physical examination there was noted decreased breathing sound on the affected lung field and bowel sound was audible in some cases. Diagnosis was done by Chest X-ray and plication of the affected diaphragm was usually done in operation. There were noted atelectasis and cystic change of the affected side lung. And the liver, colon, spleen and small intestine were found in the dome of the eventrated diaphragm.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제24권2E호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2005

The noise reduction of the In-The-Ear (ITE) hearing aid (HA) can be achieved by arrays of microphones. Each of the right and the left ears was assumed to have two HA microphones. These arrays of HA microphones produce particular patterns of directivity by some time delay between two microphones. The directivity pattern geometrically increase the S/N ratio. The boundary element method (BEM) was used for the three dimensional simulation of the HA directivity pattern with the two pairs' microphone arrays. The separation between two microphones was fixed to 10 mm. The time delay between the two microphones was calculated to produce the most narrow directivity pattern in the fore front of the head. The variation of the time delay was examined in accordance with input frequencies. This numerical analysis may be then applied for the calculation of the time delay parameter of the digital hearing aid DSP chip.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2016

Recently developed trenchless construction methods ensure stability for the ground settlement by inserting steel pipes along the underpass section and integrating steel pipes before ground excavation to form pipe-roof. This study is to confirm the reinforcing effect of pipe-roof by measuring lateral earth pressure acting on the underpass constructed by the STS (Steel Tube Slab) construction method. For this purpose, lateral earth pressure was measured at the left and right side of the pipe-roof after installing earth pressure cells. As a result, lateral earth pressure was measured with considerable reduction because the integrated pipe-roof shared surcharge. Therefore, economic design for the underpass could be expected by sharing design load by pipe-roof. In addition, construction cost was analyzed according to the design-load sharing ratio by pipe-roof. As pipe-roof shares design load by 40%, the total construction cost can decrease by almost 10% in the case of four-lane underpass.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 1980

Twelve cases of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries were treated at the Chosun University Hospital from Feb. 1977 to Inn. 1980. The following results were obtained. l. Sex ratio incidence was 5:1, which male patients were predominant. 2. The age distribution at these cases, were ranged from 16 to 43 years of age, and average age was 27 years. 3. Left sided traumatic diaphragmatic injuries were far more common than right, which approximately incidence of 5:1 diaphragmatic injuries were due to blunt trauma [7 cases-traffic accident, 1 case-fall down], and stab wound [4 cases] in etiology. 4. Surgical repairs were done through only thoracotomy incision in blunt trauma cases, and through each thoracic and abdominal incision same time in 2 cases of stab wound. 5. 2 cases {16.7%] of blunt trauma were died before operation at emergency room, and no man died during or following operation. An overall mortality was 16.7%.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.601-603
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• 1998

In this paper, Hadamard transform imaging spectrometers utilizing Grill spectrometers are proposed. General Hadamard Transform Spectrometers (HTS) carry out one-encoding through input masks, but Grill spectrometers carry out double-encoding through entrance and exit masks. Thus Grill spectrometers increase the signal-to-noise ratio by double-encoding. we reconfigure the system by using the Grill spectrometers which use a left cyclic S-matrix instead of the conventional right cyclic one. Then, we model the system and apply the mask characteristics method, i.e. $T^{I}$ method, to complete fast algorithm. Through computer simulations, we want to prove the superiority of the proposed system by comparing with the conventional HTS. From Observations concerning the average mean square error(AMSE) associated with estimates from the $T^{I}$ spectrum-recovery method, the relative performances of the two systems are compared.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2019

목적: 상악 전치부에 대한 심미적 요소들에 대하여 조사하고 남녀 간 차이 및 개인 심미적 인식도와의 연관성이 있는 지에 대해 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 치주적으로 건강한 25 - 35세의 전남대학교 치의학전문대학원생 70명을 대상으로 상악 모형을 제작하였고 디지털 카메라를 이용하여 표준화된 사진을 촬영하고 계측 프로그램을 이용하여 상악 전치의 근 원심 최대 시각적 폭경과 치은 정점의 수직적 위치, 중절치의 최대 높이를 계측하였고 중절치의 치관 형태를 분류하였다. 참가자들의 심미 인식도 평가를 위해 설문조사를 시행하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS program을 이용하여 시행하였다. 결과: 상악 전치 시각적 폭경 비율의 경우 우측은 1.38:1:0.78, 좌측은 1.41:1:0.81의 평균값을 가졌고 황금 비율과는 차이가 있었다. 중절치관의 폭경 대 장경 비율의 경우 우측은 0.84, 좌측은 0.83의 평균값을 가졌다. 치은 정점의 위치의 경우 중절치는 원심측, 측절치는 중심, 견치는 원심측에 주로 위치하였다. 상악 전치부 시각적 폭경 비율, 중절치 폭경 대 장경 비율, 치은 정점 위치, 치관 형태, 미소시 치은 노출 정도는 남녀 간 차이가 없었고 이런 요소들과 안모의 형태와 참가자들의 심미적 인식도와는 관련성이 없었다. 결론: 참가자들은 상악 전치 시각적 폭경의 황금비율 및 중절치 치관의 이상적 폭경 대 장경 비율과는 일치하지 않았지만 상악 전치부 심미성에 대한 만족도가 높았다. 심미적 인식은 참가자들의 수치화된 객관적 지표보다는 주관적 판단이 더 중요함을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2018

Many developing countries have attempted to depreciate their currencies in order to make their products cheaper, stimulate exports, shift aggregate demand to the right, and increase aggregate output. However, currency depreciation tends to increase import prices, raise domestic inflation, reduce capital inflows, and shift aggregate supply to the left. The net impact is unclear. The paper incorporates the monetary policy function in the model, which is determined by the inflation gap, the output gap, the real effective exchange rate, and the world real interest rate. Applying an extended IS-MP-AS model (Romer, 2000), the paper finds that real depreciation raised real GDP during 1997.Q1-2005.Q3 whereas real appreciation increased real GDP during 2005.Q4-2017.Q2. In addition, a higher government debt-to-GDP ratio, a lower U.S. real federal funds rate, a higher real stock price, a lower real oil price or a lower expected inflation rate would help increase real GDP. Hence, real depreciation or real appreciation may increase or reduce aggregate output, depending upon the level of economic development. Although expansionary fiscal policy is effective in stimulating the economy, caution needs to be exercised as there may be a debt threshold beyond which a further increase in the debt-to-GDO ratio would hurt economic growth.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2016

심혈관계 위험인자를 비침습적으로 분석할 수 있는 PWV에 관한 다수의 선행연구에서 의견이 분분하고, 결과에 대한 일관성이 부족한 부분을 재현하고자 연구에 임하였으며, 더욱이 날로 증가하고 있는 노인을 대상으로 운동참여 여부와 성별에 따른 노인의 말초동맥파속도(baPWV), 신체구성과 심혈관계 변인의 상관성 및 재변인의 차이를 검증하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 규칙적인 운동을 수행해온 노인남성 39명(이하, 운동군M) 과 운동을 수행해 오고 있지 않은 동일 연령대의 노인남성 38명(이하, 통제군M), 규칙적인 운동을 수행해온 노인여성 40명(이하, 운동군F) 과 운동을 수행해오고 있지 않은 동일 연령대의 노인여성 37명(이하, 통제군F)을 대상으로 변인에 대한 상관성과 집단별 재변인들 간의 차이를 알아본 결과 노인남성 운동군의 baPWV range와 근육량(r=0.357, p=0.026), 수축기혈압(r=0.468, p=0.003), rbaPWV (r=0.406, p=0.010), lbaPWV (r=0.333, p=0.038)가 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였고, 노인남성 통제군의 경우는 baPWV range와 심박수(r=0.395, p=0.014), rbaPWV (r=0.598, p=0.000), lbaPWV (r=0.602, p=0.000)가 유의한 상관성을 보였다. 노인여성 운동군은 baPWV range와 진단명(r=0.321, p=0.044), 수축기혈압 (r=0.399, p=0.011), 이완기혈압(r=0.545, p=0.000), rbaPWV (r=0.648, p=0.000), lbaPWV (r=0.676, p=0.000)가 유의한 상관성을 보였고, 노인여성 통제군 경우는 baPWV range와 나이 (r=0.471, p=0.003), rbaPWV (r=0.836, p=0.000), lbaPWV (r=0.801, p=0.000)가 통계적으로 유의한 상관성을 보였다. 반면 말초동맥파속도 변인 중 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보인 그룹은 없는 것으로 나타났고, 요둔위($F_{3,150}=9.197$, p=0.000), 근육량($F_{3,150}=74.295$, p=0.000), 체지방율($F_{3,150}=35.045$, p=0.000), 수축기 혈압($F_{3,150}=3.525$, p=0.017)이 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 본 연구에서는 집단별 특성에 따라 다양한 결과가 나타난다는 사실을 알 수 가 있었으며, 신체구성 변인과 심혈관계 변인 중 수축기 혈압은 운동 여부에 따라 민감한 변화와 차이를 보인 것으로 보아 노인의 경우 운동그룹은 신체구성과 심혈관계 일부 변인에 변화를 줄 수 있다고 단정지어 볼 수 있겠으나, 위팔-발목 맥박파전파속도에 대해서는 일관된 결과가 도출되지 않아서 이에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.393-397
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• 1998

25세된 말기 심부전 환자에게 한국에서는 최초로 광배근을 이용한 심근 성형술이 성공적으로 실시되었다. 환자는 약 심근수축력이 30%인 상태로 94년과 96년에 한차례씩 심부전으로 입원한 적이 있으며 수술직전 임상상태는 NYHA functional class III 였다. 간조직 검사상 만성 활동성 간염으로 판명되었으며 환자는 간염 항원이 양성으로 심장이식대상에서 제외되었다. 1996년 7월 30일 좌측 광배근을 이용하여 심근 성형술을 실시하였다. 측와위로 광배근을 박리한후 자극전극을 설치하였으며 흉골 정중 절개로 심장을 노출한 후 광배근으로 심장을 감싸주고 심근 전극을 설치한 후 좌상부 복부에 심장근육자극기를 설치하였다. 총 수술시간은 약 7시간 30분이 소요되었으며 환자는 수술후 일시적인 심방 조동(atrial flutter)을 보여 심도자실에서 동율동으로 환원시킨 것외에는 특별한 합병증은 없었다. 환자는 수술후 6주째 자극기의 빈도가 1:4인 상태에서 퇴원하였으며 통원치료중 1:1로 근육훈련을 마친 후 현재는 수술후 6개월째 자극빈도가 1:4인 상태에서 외래 추적중이다. 심초음파상 수축력의 차이는 없으나 환자의 임상 활동은 수술전보다 양호해진 상태이다.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2001

In conventional photogrammetry, three-dimensional coordinates are obtained from two consecutive images of a stationary object photographed from two exposure stations, separated by a certain distance. However, it is impossible to photograph moving objects from two stations with one camera at the same time. Various methods to overcome this obstacle were devised e. g. taking the left and right scenes simultaneously with one camera using a beam splitter attached to the front, thus creating a stereo scene in one image. A beam splitter consists of two outer mirrors and two inner mirrors. This paper deals with research where the optical principles of the beam splitter were evaluated based on light path phenomena between the outer mirrors and the inner mirrors. A mathematical model of the geometric configuration was derived for the beam splitter. This allows us to design and control a beam splitter to obtain maximum scale and maximum base-height ratio by stepwise application of the mathematical model. The results show that the beam splitter is a very useful tool for stereophotography with one camera. The optimum geometric configurations ensuring maximum scale and base-height ratio are closely related to inner and outer reflector sizes, their inclination angles and the offsets between the outer mirrors.