• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.287-311
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• 2022

본 연구는 가설학습경로와 보편적 학습설계(UDL)를 기반으로 초등예비교사가 느리게 배우는 학습자에게 맞춘 수학 수업을 설계한 사례를 활용한 연구이다. 가설학습경로는 계열성을 특징으로 하는 수학 교과에서 느리게 배우는 학습자에게 맞추어 도움을 제공해야 할 때 그들의 현재 이해 및 발달의 상태를 파악하고 그것에 반응적으로 수업을 설계할 때 의사결정의 근거로 삼을 수 있다. 또한, 보편적 학습설계는 수업을 설계할 때 수업에 존재할 수도 있는 잠재적 장벽을 제거하여 모든 학생이 접근할 수 있는 풍부한 학습 환경을 안내하는 프레임워크이다. 본 연구는 초등예비교사에게 느리게 배우는 학습자의 특성에 맞춘 수업을 설계하는 경험을 제공하여 가설학습경로를 생성하게 하고, 보편적 학습설계의 원리를 적용한 수업안을 작성하도록 하였다. 그리고 수업안에 나타난 가설학습경로의 특징 및 보편적 학습설계의 적용 결과를 분석하였다. 이러한 분석결과에 따른 논의를 통해 예비교사교육과정에서 느리게 배우는 학습자를 위한 수학수업 설계 경험의 필요성과 느리게 배우는 학습자를 위한 수업설계에서 가설학습경로 및 UDL의 적용 가능성에 관한 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(3)
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• pp.63-66
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• 2000

WBI provides new opportunities to realize the flexible learning environment based on hypermedia and to support distance learning with a diverse interaction. The instructors or learners in WBI claim to be able to resolve reluctant fluctuations such as disorientation and cognitive overload. To overcome these phenomena, a supplementary tool able to manage learning space organized by the instructor's or learner's own way and offer effective navigation techniques is presented in this paper. A learning space management and navigation tool called HyperMap dynamically represents the learning space in the form of a two-dimensional labeled graph. This HyperMap also can be used for an instruction design tool, learner's portfolio for the exchange of learning experiences. and the assessment of WBI.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1048-1063
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• 2020

In this study, we propose a reinforcement learning agent to control the data transmission rates of nodes in carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA)-based wireless networks. We design a reinforcement learning (RL) agent, based on Q-learning. The agent learns the environment using the timeout events of packets, which are locally available in data sending nodes. The agent selects actions to control the data transmission rates of nodes that adjust the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) levels of the data packets to utilize the available bandwidth in dynamically changing channel conditions effectively. We use the ns3-gym framework to simulate RL and investigate the effects of the parameters of Q-learning on the performance of the RL agent. The simulation results indicate that the proposed RL agent adequately adjusts the MCS levels according to the changes in the network, and achieves a high throughput comparable to those of the existing data transmission rate adaptation schemes such as Minstrel.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.155-191
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to examine the trends (e.g., the distribution of the studies by year, country, research methods, and participants' education level) and fundamental findings [e.g., interaction in Virtual Reality (VR) environments, educational content through VR and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies, learning environment in AR, etc.] regarding immersive learning technologies such as VR and AR in English Language Teaching (ELT) between 2010 and 2019. Employing a systematic review research methodology, data was gathered from 59 academic articles published in the following databases: EBSCOhost, ERIC, Web of Science, and Taylor & Francis. The studies were analyzed using a content analysis approach, and findings demonstrated that immersive learning technologies in ELT came to prominence in 2017. Mixed methods research was the most widely employed research method. The most studied language skill was vocabulary for AR and speaking for VR. The results also revealed advantages and challenges with regards to the use of immersive learning technologies in ELT. Further analysis illustrated the findings related to characteristics of immersive learning technologies in ELT. Based on this review, research and design implications for researchers and practitioners are presented.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.36-49
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• 2013

Unplanned growth of the city was established, despite many elementary, School facilities outside the city is still lacking. Basically should be able to walk to school through elementary school in the case of excessive distance, issues such as unsafe in the school environment and the school, overcrowding, excessive relieve classroom learning environment, with the improvement of the overall situation is necessary. In this study, the status for local public elementary school environment, research and analysis, case studies, research, and through community and resolve problems derived as a school bus for the introduction of alternative feasibility analysis.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine effects of a learning portfolio by identifying the learning of nursing students taking a learning portfolio-utilized nursing management class. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants were 83 senior students taking the nursing management course in one of the Departments of Nursing at 2 Universities. Experimental group (n=42) received a learning portfolio-utilized nursing management class 15 times over 15 weeks (3 hours weekly). Self-directed learning abilities, approaches to learning and learning flow of the participants were examined with self-report structured questionnaires. Data were collected between September 2 and December 16, 2014, and were analyzed using chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test and ANCOVA with SPSS/PC version 21.0. Results: After the intervention the experimental group showed significant increases in self-directed learning abilities, deep approaches to learning and learning flow compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was found between groups for surface approaches to learning. Conclusion: Learning activities using the learning portfolios could be effective in cultivating the learning competency for growth of knowledge, technology and professionalism by increasing personal concentration and organization ability of the nursing students so that they can react to the rapidly changing environment.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

e-Learning content can be defined as digital content to achieve educational goals. Since it is an educational material that can be distributed in offline, online, and mobile environments, it is important to create content that meets the learner's education environment and educational goals. In particular, if the learner is a public official, the vision, philosophy, and characteristics of each local government must reflect. As non-face-to-face online education expands further due to the COVID-19 pandemic, local governments that have relied on onsite education in the past urgently require developing strong basic competency education and special task competency content that reflect regional characteristics. Such e-learning content, however, hardly exists and the ability to independently develop them is also insufficient. In this circumstance, this case study describes the process of self-production of e-learning content suitable for Busan's characteristics by the Human Resource Development (HRD) Institute of Busan City, a local government. The field of instructional design and instructional technology is always evolving and growing by blending technological innovation into instructional platform design and adapting to the changes in society. Busan HRD Institute (BHI), therefore, tried to implement blended learning by developing content that reflected the recent trend of micro-learning in e-learning through a detailed analysis. For this, an e-learning content developer with certain requirements was selected and contracted, and the process of developing content through a collaboration between the client and developer was described in this study according to the ADDIE model of Instructional Systems Development (ISD).

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.547-557
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• 2022

이 연구에서는 일개 의과대학의 2020학년도 1학기 온라인 수업 만족도를 평가하여 분석 결과 및 온라인 수업 구성 원칙에 따라 수업 환경을 개선하였고, 2학기 수업을 재평가하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 온라인 수업 평가를 위해 온라인 수업 플랫폼 이용, 학생 참여도, 수업 방식, 수업 내용, 학생 평가, 수업 지원 등의 영역에 대한 만족도 설문 문항을 개발하였고, 1학기에는 학생 223명과 교수 37명, 2학기에는 학생 218명과 교수 49명이 연구대상자로 설문에 응답하였다. 수집한 자료는 기술통계 및 두 종속 표본 t검정으로 분석하여 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 온라인 수업 플랫폼, 수업 방식, 수업 내용, 수업 지원에 대한 학생들의 만족도는 개선 후 전체적으로 긍정적 변화를 보인 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 학생 참여도와 학생 평가 만족도는 개선 후 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 각 학습시기별 결과를 비교한 결과, 기초 및 임상의학시기 학생들의 만족도는 부정적인 차이를 보였으며, 이는 본격적으로 학습량이 증가하는 학습시기로 학생들의 수업 집중도가 떨어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 상대적으로 예비의학시기 및 임상실습시기 학생들의 만족도는 긍정적인 변화를 보였다. 연구 결과를 통해 전국 의과대학의 온라인 수업 개선에 의미 있는 기초자료가 될 수 있길 기대한다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.854-860
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• 2009

유비쿼터스는 정보통신 기술과 IT 기술 등이 접목된 새로운 컴퓨팅 환경으로서, PDA를 비롯한 다양한 기기와 여러 분야의 응용기술이 적용되었다. 최근엔 통신 기능과 다양한 IT 기능이 접목되고 휴대성이 좋은 스마트 폰의 출현으로 사용자들의 기기 이용 환경이 변화하고 있다. 이러한 스마트 폰의 활용은 환경의 제약없이 사용자들에게 학습 기기로서의 역할까지로 확장되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 스마트 폰에서 U-러닝을 제공하기 위하여 SCORM 기반의 메타데이터를 설계하였다. 이를 위하여, 기존의 LMS와 연동된 SCORM을 U-러닝 서버와 스마트 폰 처리 서버를 두어 이를 핸들링 하도록 하였다. 각기 다른 특성을 가지는 스마트 폰의 적용을 위하여 메타데이터에서는 CPU, 화면크기, 메모리 등의 자원 정보를 가지도록 하였으며, 메타데이터 아답터가 이를 처리하도록 하였다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2018

The $4^{th}$ industrial revolution has brought innovation in the educational environment. The purpose of this study is to verify the educational effectiveness of smart learning environment especially with the computational thinking. A big data analysis was performed to confirm that computational thinking is the one to prepare the 4th industrial revolution. To teach computational thinking at university, educational design should be careful. This study verified the relationship between improvement of computational thinking ability and major of students with coding education. There was difference in effectiveness of the coding education depending on the major of students, it means students must be guaranteed to be educated by the differentiated coding education for different major. This study extracted factors of computational thinking through literature review. Thirteen research hypotheses were applied for the statistical analysis in R language. It was proved that expectation of class and improvement of abstraction ability and algorithmic thinking ability had mediation effect to the relationship between knowledge acquisition and problem-solving abilities. Based on this study, effectiveness of education can be improved, and it will lead to produce a lot of distinguished students who are ready for the 4th industrial revolution.