• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.734-743
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• 2001

Iron deficiency anemia is a worldwide public health problem relevant to unsound nutritional practice. While the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia is very common among pregnant women, appropriate nutritional service programs to improve the iron status are lacking in Korea. In an attempt to develop a nutritional screening tool to separate the high-risk subjects of iron deficiency, we carried out a nutritional survey for 115 Korean pregnant women whose gestational age ranged from 13 to 24 weeks. Each subject was interviewed with questionnaires for general characteristics and dietary habits. Food intake was measured by 24-hour recap method and 2 day record. Fasting blood was drawn for measuring hemoglobin and serum ferritin. It appeared that half of the pregnant women belonged to the anemia group and had insufficient dietary habits to provide adequate amounts of dietary iron. The first gravida and the working women had better hematological iron indicators than the second or more gravida and the housewives. It also appeared that women who had bigger family size and lower BMI in pre-pregnancy had poorer iron status. Among the food consumption habits, fruit dependent dietary habit was related to poor iron status. Sufficiently consumed green leafy vegetable and appropriate amount of food before morning sickness were positive factors of iron stares. Our results indicated that parity, BMI, current job, family size, food habits including consumption of fruits, green & yellow vegetables, and food habits before the onset of morning sickness are significant factors to contribute the Fe deficiency anemia during pregnancy.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.569-577
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• 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Cichorium intybus, Brassica juncea, and Lactuca sativa at varying seed ratios, and to suggest an efficient management plan for sustainable indoor agriculture systems. It was treated with mixed sowing as follows: 30 chicory seeds (chicory alone: CC), 22 chicory seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (C₃L₁), 20 chicory seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (C₂L₁), 15 chicory seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (C₁L₁) as intraspecies, and 30 mustard seeds (mustard alone: MC), 22 mustard seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (M₃L₁), 20 mustard seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (M₂L₁), 15 mustard seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (M₁L₁) as interspecies. The study identified the competitive response in seed germination between Cichorium intybus and Lactuca sativa, and in the C₃L₁ experimental group, Lactuca sativa had the highest leaf length, root length, chlorophyll content, and fresh weight. Therefore, the higher the ratio of Cichorium intybus, the higher the growth and productivity of Lactuca sativa; however, higher the ratio of Lactuca sativa, the lower the growth of Cichorium intybus. Furthermore, the nitrogen and potassium content in the substrate was the highest in the C₃L₁ experimental grorp which had the highest seeding rate of the Cichorium intybus. Comparing the groups Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa, the higher the seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa, the higher the growth and productivity of Brassica juncea. Therefore, a companion seeding of Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa is beneficial; this could be effective in having a high seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa.

• Genes and Genomics
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.1259-1267
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• 2018

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is an important subtropical fruit crop with high commercial value due to its high nutritional values and favorable tastes. However, irregular bearing attributed to unstable flowering is a major ongoing problem for litchi producers. Previous studies indicate that low-temperature is a key factor in litchi floral induction. In order to reveal the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the reproductive process in litchi, we had analyzed the transcriptome of buds before and after low-temperature induction using RNA-seq technology. A key flower bud differentiation associated gene, a homologue of FLORICAULA/LEAFY, was identified and named LcLFY (GenBank Accession No. KF008435). The cDNA sequence of LcLFY encodes a putative protein of 388 amino acids. To gain insight into the role of LcLFY, the temporal expression level of this gene was measured by real-time RT-PCR. LcLFY was highly expressed in flower buds and its expression correlated with the floral developmental stage. Heterologous expression of LcLFY in transgenic tobacco plants induced precocious flowering. Meantime, we investigated the sub-cellular localization of LcLFY. The LcLFY-Green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein was found in the nucleus. The results suggest that LcLFY plays a pivotal role as a transcription factor in controlling the transition to flowering and in the development of floral organs in litchi.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.162.1-162.1
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• 2015

The use of plasma has increased in bio-application field in recent years. Particularly, water treated by arc discharge or atmospheric pressure plasma has been actively utilized in bio-industry. In this study, we have developed a plasma activated water generating system. For this system, two kinds of plasma sources; dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and arc discharge plasma have been used. The discharge energy was calculated using the breakdown voltage and current, and the emission spectrum was measured to investigate the generated reactive species. We also analyzed the amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in water using the chemical methods and nitric oxide sensor. Finally, the influence of plasma generated reactive species on the germination and growth of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was investigated. Spinach is a green leafy vegetable that contains a large amount of various physiologically active organic compounds. However, it is characterized with a low seed germination rate.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.135-139
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• 1987

The influence of ploidy level on agronomic characteristics in italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam, italicum, was studied using diploids (2x) and tetraploids (4x) on the upland of Livestock Experiment Station, Suweon. The results are summarized as follow: 1. Tetraploid cultivars are in general dark green in leaf color and strong glittered. 2. Diploid cultivars are more resistant to cold than tetraploids but degree of resistance to cold depends on cultivars. The di-and tetraploids did not differ in summer survival and coldand heat resistance of di-Itetraploid cultivars were not related. 3. Tetraploid cultivars have larger leaf-blades, more rapid growth and higher leaf ratio to stem by heading than diploids. 4. Tetraploids possess significantly lower dry matter content than diploids. 5 . Fresh- and dry weight of tetraploids are similar with that of diploids but tetraploids are more leafy than diploids. 6. Seasonal yield depends more on the type of the cultivar than on its tetraploid nature.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.585-591
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• 1999

The purpose of the present study was to measure the dietary folate intake of Korean women of childbearing age. Folate intake obtained from 24-hour recall method and food frequency questionnaire was assessed in two hundred and ninety-three nonpregnant and non-lactating healthy women of childbearing age. The mean folate intake of women aged 20-29 was 112.8ug/day, 49.3% of their recommended level of 250ug/day. Folate intake of women aged 30-49 was 129.0ug/day, significantly higher than that of participants aged 20-29. A quartile analysis on the folate intake revealed that there significant differences in the consumption of dark green, leafy vegetables (p<0.01), other vegetables (p<0.01), and fruits and legumes(p<0.05) between the highest of childbearing age is far from adequate. To reach of the present study show that the folate intake of Korean women of childbearing age is far from adequate. To reach the recommended intake level of 250ug/day for women of childbearing age, folate supplementation and special nutrition education promoting folate intake might be necessary.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2009

Bifenthrin, chlorothalonil, cypermethrin, diazinon, fenvalerate, phenthoate 및 procymidone 등 7종의 농약에 대한 잔류시험을 통해 외삽적용을 위한 연구를 실시하였다. 실험을 위해 소면적 재배작물 중 잔류농약 부적합 사례가 많은 작물을 중심으로 11종의 엽채류, 5종의 근채류, 그리고 6종의 경채류를 포함한 총 22종의 작물을 선정하여 재배한 후 7종의 농약을 각각 처리하여 24시간 경과 시점을 1일로 하여 1, 3, 5, 7 일차에 수확하여 분석하였다. 실험결과 회수율은 엽채류는 $72.0{\sim}117.0%$, 경채류는 $81.3{\sim}105.0%$, 그리고 근채류는 $70.1{\sim}108.1%$ 수준이었고 검출한계는 엽채류는 0.005-0.1 mg/kg, 경채류와 근채류는 0.001-0.005mg/kg 수준이었다. 농약의 감소경향과 작물의 표면 형태학적 차이에 의한 농약 잔류특성을 파악 비교하여 선정된 작물을 고잔류군과 저잔류군으로 그룹화하였고 이 내용을 바탕으로 대상 농약들에 대하여 경채류 및 근채류 작물을 대상으로 농약데이터의 외삽을 통한 안전사용기준 및 MRL의 설정이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2004

시설재배지 토양의 잔류농약 모니터링 결과 검출빈도가 높게 나타난 endosulfan과 procymidone을 대상으로 열무, 배추, 무, 당근에 대하여 흡수 이행 정도를 구명하여 수확농산물의 농약안전성을 확보할 수 있는 토양 중 잔류 한계농도를 설정하고자 실내시험을 수행하였다. 양액에 농약을 처리하여 배추를 재배하였을 때 침투이행성인 procymidone은 쉽게 이행되어 endosulfan보다 약 3.8배 높은 농도로 존재하였으며, 양액 중 농약의 농도가 높아질수록 식물체의 생육이 위축됨을 보였다. Endosulfan은 토양처리 최고농도인 10 mg/kg 수준까지 배추, 열무, 무에 대해서는 농약잔류허용량(MRL) 미만으로 이행되었으나 당근의 경우 MRL인 0.2 mg/kg을 초과하지 않는 토양 중 농도는 1 mg/kg으로 조사되었다. Procymidone은 토양처리 최고농도인 10 mg/kg 수준까지 열무에 대해서는 MRL 미만으로 이행되었으나 배추는 적용되는 MRL인 5.0 mg/kg, 무, 당근의 0.2 mg/kg을 초과하지 않는 토양 중 농도는 각각 10, 2, 1 mg/kg이하로 조사되었다. 농약의 작물체내로의 흡수이행정도는 살포 후 시간이 경과되어 농약이 숙성된 토양으로부터가 살포 직후 토양에서보다 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 두 약제 모두 열무보다는 배추가, 당근보다는 무가 흡수 이행이 잘 되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.301-311
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• 1985

Even though the anticarcinogenic effect of dietary factors especially beta - carotene has been reported by various investigators, the mechanism of the action of ${\beta}-carotene$ has not yet been identified. We carried out the present study to determine the possibilities of relative cancer risk related to dietary intake of vitamin A ( both ${\beta}-carotene$ and retinol ) and blood levels of vitamin A among Koreans. The subjects were divided into two groups; cancer patients and controls. Blood levels for ${\beta}-carotene$ and retinol were analyzed by alumina column chromatography and colorimetry. Dietary intake was examined by food profile and convenient method for evaluating nutritional status through recalling 10 years of food habits. The results obtained are as follows : 1 ) Calorie, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intakes of cancer patient were lower than those of control. Calorie and carbohydrate intakes showed no significant difference but protein and fat intakes were significantly lower in cancer patients. According to cancer sites, in stomach cancer only fat intake was significantly lower than that of control. In lung and larynx cancer calorie, protein, fat and carbohydrate intakes showed similar trend as in control. 2 ) Vitamin A intake of cancer patient was significantly lower than that of control. It was estimated that 83.6% of total Vitamin A intake were provided by ${\beta}-carotene$ for control and cancer patient respectively. 3 ) The mean intake of dietary ${\beta}-carotene$ in cancer patient was significantly lower than that in control ( $7002\;\mu}g/day$ versus $10326\;{\mu}g/day$ ) According to cancer sites in mean intake of dietary ${\beta}-carotene$ was significantly lower in all but stomach cancer compared with that of control. Lung and larynx cancer showed lowest ${\beta}-carotene$ intake with mean value of $5855{\mu}g/day$ and $5492{\mu}g/day$ respectively. 4 ) The mean intake of dietary retinol in cancer patient was significantly lower than that in control ( $245{\mu}g/day$ versus $338{\mu}g/day$ ), but the difference was not significant. 5 ) The relative risk of all cancers in the first (lowest) to the forth quartile level of ${\beta}-carotene$ consumption such as $0-5999{\mu}g/day$. $6000-8999{\mu}g/day$, $9000-11999{\mu}g/day$/ day and $12000-20000{\mu}g/day$ was 85 : 1.7 : 20 : 1.0. The relative risk of all cancers in the first (lowest) to the forth quartile level of retinol consumption, such as $0-299{\mu}g/day$, $300-599{\mu}g/day$, 600-899${\mu}g/day$, and $900-1200{\mu}g/day$, was 1.14 : 067 : 0.21 : 1.0. 6 ) The various food group consumption of cancer patient were significantly lower than those of control in green leafy vegetables, fruits, sea weeds, milk and cheese and eggs. But the Kimchie consumption in cancer patient was three fold higher than that of control ( $1840\;{\mu}g/day$ versus $562\;{\mu}g/day$ ) and in the stomach cancer, Kimchie consumption was the highest, ( $1890\;{\mu}g/day$) According to cancer sites, the consumption of green leafy vegetables was significantly lower in all but stomach cancer compared to control and other vegetables showed no difference between two. In lung and larynx cancer, green leafy vegetables consumption was lowest ( $6094{\mu}g/day$ $5921{\mu}g/day$) and milk and cheese consumption was also( $5\;{\mu}g/day$ and $11{\mu}g/day$) 7 ) The recovery of ${\beta}-carotene$ from human serum by alumina column chromatography was $94.4{\pm}2.3%$. 8 ) Cancer patients showed significantly lower serum retinol ($56.4{\pm}18.1\:{\mu}g/100ml$ versus $72.2{\pm}21.8\:{\mu}g/100ml$) and ${\beta}-carotene$ ($48.9{\pm}33.8\:{\mu}g/100ml$ versus $72.2{\pm}42.6\:{\mu}g/100ml$) concentrations than in controls. 9 ) But breast cancer patients were not significantly different from controls in their serum retinol and ${\beta}-carotene$ concentrations.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.686-691
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 UPLC를 이용하여 lutein과 zeaxanthin을 단시간에 동시 분석할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 개발한 후 분석법에 대한 평가를 수행하였으며, 확립된 방법으로 6종의 엽채류에서 lutein과 zeaxanthin을 정량 분석하였다. 분석 컬럼은 Acquity UPLC BEH C18($1.7{\mu}m$, $2.1{\times}50mm$), 이동상 용매는 85% methanol을 사용하였으며, 검출파장은 450 nm, 이동상의 유속은 0.5 mL/min, 분석온도는 $40^{\circ}C$, 시료주입량은 $1.0{\mu}L$로 설정하여 분석하였다. 확립된 분석조건에서 lutein과 zeaxanthin의 피크머무름시간(RT)은 각각 4.35분과 4.56분이며, 표준용액의 피크머무름시간과 엽채류 시료들의 피크머무름시간은 일치하였다. lutein과 zeaxanthin에 대한 표준검정곡선은 $1-150{\mu}g/mL$ 농도범위에서 상관계수($r^2$)는 0.9968 이상의 양호한 직선성을 나타내어 분석에 적합함을 알 수 있었으며, 검출한계는 lutein과 zeaxanthin이 각각 $1.7{\mu}g/mL$과 $2.1{\mu}g/mL$, 정량한계는 lutein과 zeaxanthin이 각각 $5.1{\mu}g/mL$과 $6.3{\mu}g/mL$로 설정되었다. Lutein과 zeaxanthin의 회수율은 각각 95.76-105.13%와 91.75-103.24% 범위를 보였다. Lutein의 일내 RSD값은 4.65-7.33%, 일간 RSD값은 4.04-10.69%이었으며, zeaxanthin의 일내 RSD값은 5.41-7.31%, 일간 RSD값은 3.79-9.82%이었다. 확립된 분석법으로 한국인이 많이 섭취하는 녹색과 엽채류인 부추, 취나물, 원추리, 참나물, 돌나물 시금치에서 lutein과 zeaxanthin을 분석한 결과 lutein 함량은 시금치와 취나물이 $3.97{\pm}0.10mg$/100 g fw, $4.06{\pm}0.24mg$/100 g fw로 가장 높았으며, 참나물과 원추리가 $3.39{\pm}0.43mg$/100 g fw, $3.39{\pm}0.15$ mg/100 g fw로 높았다. Zeaxanthin의 경우 취나물과 원추리가 각각 $0.95{\pm}0.00mg$/100 g fw와 $0.96{\pm}0.01mg$/100 g fw로 가장 높았다. 본 연구에서 확립된 UPLC 분석법은 lutein과 zeaxanthin을 신속하고 효과적으로 동시 분석하는데 이용될 수 있을 것이며, 한국인이 많이 섭취하는 엽채류 중 시금치와 취나물은 lutein과 zeaxanthin의 좋은 식이 급원일 뿐 아니라, 꾸준히 섭취하면 눈건강에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.