• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2007

An experiment was conducted to measure rooting and growth of cuttings of rose as affected by cutting length, number of leaflets and cutting position. Test plants were two cultivars of Rosa hybrida 'Red Sandra'(standard) and 'Little Marble'(miniature). Cutting length was 4, 7 or 10cm for 'Red Sandra' and 3, 5 or 7 cm for 'Little Marble'. The number of leaflets left on the five-leaflet leaf was 0, 2, 4 or 5. The cutting position on the stem was between $1{\sim}2,\;3{\sim}4,\;5{\sim}6\;or\;7{\sim}8$ nodes from the shoot tip, which have five leaflet leaves. The most efficient cutting length was 7cm in both cultivars. Treatment with all leaflets left and cutting position at $1{\sim}2$ nodes resulted in good rooting ratio for both cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.260-269
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• 2005

Taxonomic studies on morphological, principal component analysis (PCA), palynological, RAPD and PCR-RELP analysis were conducted to intraspecific relationships of Rubus oldhami. Three types of Rubus oldhami based on the flower characters such as petal length and number were used in this study. Among the 14 morphological characters, perianth length, calyx lobe length, apical leaflet shape and leaflet length were used to distinguish for each type. The pollen characters such as shape, aperture number, surface sculpture were showed very similar among three types. Eight primers out of 20 arbitrary primers were screened for three types, and were revealed 33 ($60\%$) polymorphic bands. The phonogram by RAPD data showed incongruent with morphological analysis. Even though ten restriction endonucleases produced 20 restriction sites, polymorphic bands were not observed. Based on the results, three types of Rubus oldhami divided well by morphological characters, but pollen and DNA data were not supported. Therefore, type 1 and 2 which different from type 3 by flower characters considered as a temporary hybrid or ecotype because of their similar habitats.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.383-387
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• 2013

This study was carried out to examine whether the leaf size is likely to be used as a selection criterion for large seed genotype in soybean (Glycine. max (L.) Merr.) breeding program. Two hundred twenty nine soybean germplasms which had collected in Korea, United States, China and Japan were used in this experiment. The area of unifoliate leaf, middle leaflet of first trifoliate and third trifoliate leaf ranged from $3.2cm^2$ to $33.8cm^2$, 9.2 to $29.5cm^2$, and 7.2 to $58.9cm^2$, respectively. One hundred seed weight also showed great variation from 2.7 to 39.0 gram. The average leaf area of unifoliate, middle leaflet of first trifoliate and third trifoliate leaf were $15.7cm^2$, $18.1cm^2$ and $32.7cm^2$, respectively, and that of seed average weight was 17.2 gram per one hundred seed. Significantly positive correlations were observed between seed weight and leaf area of unifoliate (r=$0.80^{**}$), first trifoliate (r=$0.75^{**}$) and third trifoliate (r=$0.67^{**}$), respectively. Both the leaf length and leaf width of unifoliate, middle leaflet of first trifoliate and third trifoliate leaf were significantly positively correlated with seed weight and both the correlations of unifoliate were higher than the other leaves. The correlations of leaf width in soybean leaflet were higher than those of leaf length. Leaf length/width (L/W) ratio of upper leaf was higher than that of lower leaf in the leaf size. Both the leaf area and leaf width of unifoliate leaf are the most suitable predictive characteristics of early selection in related to seed weight for soybean breeding program.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.332-336
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• 1981

Seven soybean varieties and 21 F 2 hybrids of a diallel cross among these varieties were used as the materials, and genetic studies were conducted to evaluate the frequency and distribution of genes governing the characters of soybean leaf shapes. Partial dominance was exhibited by petiole length of trifoliates, petiole length of terminal leaflets, length of terminal leaflets, length of lateral leaflets, width of terminal leaflets Mean values of length of terminal leaflet were higher than those of lateral leaflets and length of leaflets were higher than width of leaflets, but mean values of width of terminal leaflets were shorter than those of lateral leaflets.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2015

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of rootstock on growth and early yield of stenting-propagated cut roses (Rosa hybrida Hort.) 'Pink Aurora' and 'Yellow King'. The scions, prepared as single-node cuttings, each with a five-leaflet leaf, were grafted onto cuttings of Rosa indica 'Major', Rosa multiflora 'Chille Wonye No. 1', Rosa multiflora 'K-1', or Rosa multiflora 'Burr' as the rootstock. The rootstock cuttings were removed of all leaves and buds before grafting. The base of scion and the top of rootstock were held together and simultaneously cut at a $45^{\circ}$ angle for ease of grafting. Scion-rootstock unions were stuck in rockwool cubes and placed on a misted glasshouse bench for rooting before being transplanted into a rockwool slabs for cultivation. Rooting was the greatest in the 'Pink Aurora' and 'Yellow King' grafted on the rootstock Rosa indica 'Major'. In 'Pink Aurora', stem length, stem diameter, five-leaflet leaves per stem, and stem fresh weight of the harvested cut flowers were not affected by the rootstock. The greatest total yield of 'Pink Aurora' was obtained in plants grafted onto the Rosa indica 'Major' rootstock. Overall growth of 'Yellow King' was the greatest in plants grafted onto Rosa multiflora 'Burr' rootstock, although total yield was not affected by the rootstock. These results suggest that Rosa indica 'Major' is the most effective rootstock not only for rooting, but also for early yield and growth for stenting propagation of these cut roses.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1128-1138
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• 1990

The mitral valve is not a simple but a complex structure, mitral valve complex. This complex is composed of mitral orifice, annulus, valve leaflet, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. There were many controversies about this structures. We studied mitral valve complex in 63 cases of normal Korean adults, such as the circumference of mitral annulus, the intercommissural diameter, height and breadth of the cusps, including commissure, the ratio of rough to clear zone, breadth of the achordal zone, the number of scallops of posterior cusp, the number, length and the pattern of arrangement of the several types of chordae, the number and morphological characteristics of papillary muscles.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.93-95
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• 1968

The importance of leaf area as related to transpiration and photosynthesis is generally recognized. In general, a compound leaf of soybean consist of one main leaflet and two side leaflets from each node of the stem. Takahashi and Fukuyama (1919) classified soybeans into three types, namely the long leaf type, round leaf type, and intermediate type, in which the last one had round leaves at the base and long leaves in the upper part of the stem. Nagai (1925) and Takahashi (1935). dealt with the genetics of the leaf form and association with other characters. The closely relationships, the correlation coefficients from 0.64 to 0.73, were shown between the leaf area and the soybean yield in the experiments by Nagai (1942). Nagata (1950) also tested the varietal differences of the variation of leaf length and its ratio to the leaf width on the nodes of stem, and finally divided varieties into five types. Three methods of measuring area of strawberry leaves were used by Darrow (1932). The first involved determining a factor to be used with length or length ${\times}$width measurements. The second method involved placing leaves on pieces of cardboard of known area cut to the shape of the leaves. Direct use of the planimeter on intact leaves was Darrow's third method. Miller (1938) enumerated several methods to determine the leaf surface area in plants, some of which were extremely laborious and required removing leaves from plants. They included tracing outlines of leaves on paper and measuring the enclosed area with a planimeter or cutting out the traced areas and comparing the weights obtained with the weight of a known paper. Another method involved placing the form of the leaf on sensitized paper with the area being determined by measuring or weighing as above. Miller further stated that the photoelectric cell can also be utilized to estitmate leaf area. Working with field beans, Davis (1940) found that 0.004517 (length ${\times}$ width) of the center leaflet was the most nearly accurate of four methods attempted. A simple procedure to measure leaf area in corn was devised 1 y Montgomery (1911) and used by Kiesselbach (1950). The formula was length ${\times}$ width ${\times}$ 0.75. Stickler et al. (1961) have successfully used length times width ${\times}$ 0.747 to estimate area of grain sorghum leaves. Bhan and Pande(1966) has also used length ${\times}$ width ${\times}$ 0.802 to determine leaf area of rice varieties. The main objectives of the present investigation were to develop an accurate, rapid method to determine leaf area in soybean varieties and to examine certain data associated with leaf area determinations.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.602-613
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• 2010

Background: As life expectancy has been increased, the cardiac valve disease has been increased. In past, mechanical valve for valve replacement surgery was used widely, but it has many weaknesses, such as hemorrhage, teratogenic effect caused by warfarin, acute mechanical failure, taking warfarin during life, etc. So, the tissue valve is used widely and researches for durability of tissue valve are in progress. Tissue valves being used are all imported in Korea, and there is a lack of information on its geometry and design. So, we studied the geometry of porcine aortic and pulmonary valve, and tried to suggest theoretical basis for making the aortic and pulmonary valve. Material and Method: We harvested aortic and pulmonary valves of 25 pigs and measured the geometry of valve at fresh and glutaraldehyde (GA) fixed state. In each group, we measured the diameter of the base, diameter of commissure, valve height, commissural height, etc. Also, for making implantable porcine and bovine pericardial valve, we designed the valve stent form, thickness, height, and leaflet size, form, thickness by different size of valve. Result: The aortic and pulmonary valve geometry and ratio were measured in each group. The right coronary cusp of aortic valve and right facing cusp of pulmonary valve was bigger than other cusps and non coronary cusp was smaller than others (RCC: NCC : LCC=1 : 0.88 : 1). Valve height was correlated to the leaflet size. We designed the outer diameter of stented porcine aortic valve from 19 mm to 33 mm and designed stent height and width, using previous measured ratio of each structure, stent thickness, working thickness (for making valve). Also, we designed the size of stent and form for stented bovine pericardial valve, considering diameter of valve, leaflet length, height and leaflet minimum coaptation area. Conclusion: By measuring of 25 pig's aortic and pulmonary valve geometry and ratio, we can make theoretical basis for making implantable stented porcine valve and bovine pericardial valve in various size. After making implantable valve using these data, it is necessary to do in vivo and in vitro researches, furthermore.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.235-241
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• 1983

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of soil moisture content and planting depth on the growth of 2-year old ginseng plant. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. When the ginseng seedlings were planted in soil by 4 to 5cm in depth, the length of leaflet and stem and the number of branch roots were significantly decreased but the stem diameter was increased. 2. Highly significant quadratic regressions were shown between soil moisture content and the growth of the stem, leaf and root of the ginseng plant. 3. Estimated amount of soil moisture for the maximum growth of the stem was 75% of field capacity, and that for length and width of the leaflet was about 65 to 66% of field capacity. Estimated soil moisture for the maximum growth of the root was about 56 to 58% of field capacity and that for increase in root weight was about 60 to 61% of field capacity. 4. Estimated soil moisture content for best growth of ginseng roots was 1 to 5% lower when the seedling was planted in 3cm depth compared with 2cm in depth. And when the amount of soil moisture was 31% of field capacity, the deep planting was adequate for good root growth. 5. Significant correlations were resulted between the dry weight of roots and the leaf length, the leaf width and the dry weight of stem and leaves. And also, significant correlations were obtained between the ratio of root dry weight to root fresh weight and the stem length, the leaf length, the leaf width and the dry weight of stem and leaves.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.249-256
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• 2007

A study was conducted to observe the variation and inheritance of agronomic traits and their interrelationship in mungbean. The objective of the study was to compare agronomic traits and hardseed percentage of 268 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) developed from the cross between wild Vigna subspecies sublobata "ACC 41" with the mungbean cultivar "Berken". The RIL population and their parents were evaluated under controlled conditions in a glass house at the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. The results showed significant differences among the RILs and among the parents in all traits under study. Berken had a longer flowering date and a higher seed weight per plant, but less total leaf number and pod number per plant than ACC 41. A germination test between papers revealed that ACC 41 was 100% hard-seeded and did not germinate at all, while Berken germinated up to 100%. Their RILs distributed well between 0 to 100% hardseed. Upon scarification, all hardseed germinated within seven days. Narrowsense heritability estimates of total leave number, hardseedness, pod length, and pod width were highly heritable at 89.9, 98.9, 93.7, and 93.2%, respectively. The heritability of seed weight per plant and number of seeds per plant were lower at 63.1 and 58.4%, respectively. Seed weight per plant showed positive transgressive segregation when compared with ACC 41 and a positive correlation with 100 seed weight. While the number of seeds per pod showed a negative transgressive segregation when compared with Berken and a negative correlation with pod length and pod width. The RILs gave a 1:1 segregation ratio in leaflet shape, growth habit, and growth pattern, indicating that these traits were controlled by a single dominant gene.