• 한국균학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.259-263
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• 2023

During crop disease surveys in 2019 and 2021, we observed gray mold symptoms on the leaves of wasabi (Eutrema japonicum) plants grown in vinyl greenhouses in Taebaek and Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province, Korea. The symptoms appeared at the edges of the leaves, where the infected areas turned black and rotted, and many gray molds formed on the lesions. The incidence of gray mold on the leaves in the vinyl greenhouses at the two locations ranged from 1 to 30%. Four fungal isolates were obtained from leaf lesions and identified as Botrytis cinerea based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. Two isolates of B. cinerea were used for pathogenicity tests on the leaves of wasabi plants by artificial inoculation. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed in leaves. The symptoms induced by the isolates were similar to those observed in wasabi leaves in the vinyl greenhouses investigated. This is the first report of B. cinerea causing gray mold in wasabi in Korea.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea on strawberry plants is an economically significant disease in Korea. The rates for diseased fruits are high during the strawberry harvesting period from December to February, especially in hydroponic cultivation. This study assessed the effect of the nitrogen type in the soil culture and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution in a hydroponic culture on the gray mold incidence in 'Seolhyang' strawberry plants. The nitrogen sources assayed included calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CN4), calcium nitrate decahydrate (CN10), ammonium sulfate (AS), and commercial fertilizer 213 (213). The effect of the EC was tested at 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, and $1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The occurrence of gray mold varied according to the nitrogen type. The disease incidence and nitrogen content for the main nitrogen type were higher compared to the non-treated control. The AS treatment showed the highest occurrence of tipburn and gray mold. The incidence of gray mold as well as the nitrogen and phosphorus content of the leaves increased as the EC level was increased. These results indicate that the incidence of gray mold in strawberry plants is related to the nitrogen content of the leaf and the EC of the nutrient solution.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2009

Biological control activity of Acremonium strictum BCP, a mycoparasite on Botrytis cinerea, was examined against six plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, and barley powdery mildew in growth chambers. The spore suspension of strain BCP showed strong control activities against five plant diseases except against wheat leaf rust. On the other hand, the culture filtrate of A. strictum BCP was effective in controlling only cucumber gray mold and barley powdery mildew. Further in vivo biocontrol activities of A. strictum BCP against tomato gray mold were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Control efficacy of the fungus on tomato gray mold increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of more than $1{\times}10^6$ spores/ml significantly controlled the disease both in tomato seedlings and in adult plants. The high disease control activity was obtained from protective application of the strain BCP, whereas the curative application did not control the disease. Foliar infections of B. cinerea were controlled with $1{\times}10^8$ spores/ml of A. strictum BCP applied up to 7 days before inoculation. In a commercial greenhouse, application of A. strictum BCP exhibited the similar control efficacy with fungicide procymidone (recommended rate, $500{\mu}g/ml$) against strawberry gray mold. These results indicate that A. strictum BCP could be developed as a biofungicide for Botrytis diseases under greenhouse conditions.

• 식물병연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.279-282
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• 2020

In 2019, symptoms of Botrytis mold on the peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) 'Sarah Bernhardt' were observed during a survey of the commercial greenhouses of Gangjin County, South Korea. The initial symptoms, small brown spots, were observed mainly at the leaf margins. The lesions extended to the interior of leaves forming irregular spots in which abundant conidia developed. Fungal colonies were obtained from surface-sterilized tissue excised from growing edges of the lesions that were transferred to potato dextrose agar. Melanized irregular sclerotia were formed in these colonies after 40 days at 8℃. Molecular phylogeny based on sequences of genes for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, heat-shock protein 60, and RNA polymerase subunit II were highest for the PBC-2 isolate to the type strains of Botrytis cinerea, rather than other Botrytis species associated with peony diseases. Following Koch's postulates, healthy Sarah Bernhardt plants were inoculated with a foliar application of conidial suspensions of the isolate PBC-2. Following incubation under humidity with a 12 hr photoperiod for 7 days, symptoms developed on the leaf margins that were identical to those observed in the greenhouses. This study is the first report of Botrytis blight caused by B. cinerea on peonies grown in commercial greenhouses in South Korea.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2018년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.459-460
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• 2018

In this paper, we present a data augmentation method that generates synthetic plant disease images using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). We propose a training scheme that first uses classical data augmentation techniques to enlarge the training set and then further enlarges the data size and its diversity by applying GAN techniques for synthetic data augmentation. Our method is demonstrated on a limited dataset of 2789 images of tomato plant diseases (Gray mold, Canker, Leaf mold, Plague, Leaf miner, Whitefly etc.).

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.467-472
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• 1998

Gray mold rot of perilla was epidemic at Kangdong, Pusan and Miryang, Kyungnam in 1997 and 1998. The incidence of this disease ranged form 21.3 to 68.1% at Kangdong area. Leaf necrosis initially appeared on the edge of the infected leaves, and it was developed to the center of the leaves forming typical V-shaped brown necrotic lesions. Under high moisture condition, abundant mycelia of the pathogen was formed on the surface of the lesions. Infected stems became slender and were completely blighted up to the top of the plant. Two isolates, LVF12 and SD7, were isolated from diseased lesions showing typical symptoms, and the pathogenicity was tested using mycelial disks and conidial suspension inoculation. The developed symptoms were same as the naturally produced ones. These two pathogenic fungi were identified as Botrytis cinerea based on the morphological characteristics using a microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and cultural characteristics. This is the first report of gray mold or perilla in Korea.

• 식물병연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.94-98
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• 2015

Tomato black leaf molds were collected from the six metropolitan cities, which were occurred mainly from the end of August until November. There was no significant difference on the fungal growth between potato dextrose agar and tomato-oatmeal agar media. The mycelial growth of the fungus was robust at a relatively high temperature, from 28 to $30^{\circ}C$. The suppression rates of hyphal growth ranged from 17-98% on the media supplemented with four different chemicals such as difenoconazole, fluquinconazole and prochloraz manganese complex, metconazole, and flutianil and there is no different suppression rates of the fungicides on the tested Pseudocercospora fuligena isolates.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1998

Controlling malodor originating from livestock feces has become a major issue, due to its influence on the health of man and livestock, together with its influences on atmospheric pollution. In this study, Five types of biofilters filled with saw-dust, night soil, fermented compost, leaf mold and a mixture(a compound of night soil, fermented compost and leaf mold at the same rates, respectively) were manufactured and tested. To study the effect of the biofilter on reducing malodor in a composting facility and swine building, a pilot scale composting facility enclosed with polyethylene film was constructed. Swine feces was composted in the facility and malodorous gas generated from the decomposition of organic matter in the feces was gathered by vacuum pump. Each biofilter achieved 87∼96% NH3 removal efficiency. This performance was maintained throughout 10 days of operation. The highest NH3 removal efficiency was achieved by leaf mold on the first day of operation period. It reduced the concentration of NH3 by about 96%. Night soil and fermented compost showed nearly equal performance of 93 to 94% for 10 days from the beginning of operation. The mixture achieved the lowest NH3 removal efficiency. It reduced NH3 concentration by about 89∼94% for 10 days from the beginning of operation. However NH3 removal efficiency of each biofilter declined with the passage of operational time. After 30 days from the beginning of operation, NH3 removal efficiency of each biofilter of each biofilter was below 60%, respectively. The concentration of H2S and CH3-SH originating from compost were equal to or less than 5mg/l and 3mg/l, respectively. After passing throughout the biofilter, the concentration of H2S and CH3-SH were not detected.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2002

야외에서 채집한 27종 식물의 메탄올 추출물의 벼 도열병, 벼 잎집무늬마름병, 토마토 잿빛곰팡이병, 토마토 역병, 밀 녹병 및 보리 흰가루병에 대한 방제효과를 실험하였다. 벼 도열병에 대하여는 환삼덩굴, 비비추, 맥문동, 황기 추출물이, 잿빛곰팡이병에 대해서는 닭의장풀 추출물이, 보리 흰가루병에 대하여는 황기 추출물이 그리고 밀 녹병에 대하여는 비비추, 맥문동, 까마중 그리고 황기 추출물이 우수한 방제효과를 보였다. 이들 중 밀 녹병에 대하여 방제효과가 우수한 4종 시료를 선발하여 이들의 방제 특성을 조사하였나. 맥문동과 까마중 추출물은 밀 녹병에 대한 예방효과가 다른 추출물에 비하여 우수하였으며, 치료효과는 황기 추출물은 우수하였으나 까마중 추출물은 다소 미약한 치료활성이 있었다. 식물 추출물의 침투이행성은 엽육이행과 엽간이행으로 실험하였는데, 4종 추출물 모두 엽간이행은 거의 없었으나, 엽육이행은 우수하였다. 식물추출물의 약효지속성은 대부분 좋았으며 특히 비비추와 까마중 추출물은 약제처리 7일 후에도 95% 이상의 방제가를 보였다. 이들 결과를 종합해 보면 4종 식물 추출물 특히 까마중 추출물은 포장에서 밀 녹병에 대하여 우수한 방제효과를 보이리라 생각된다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.319-323
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• 2004

본 연구는 부생성 균류인 Ulocladium atrum을 이용하여 Botrytis spp.에 의한 백합 잎마름병 및 오이 잿빛곰팡이병의 방제효과를 조사하고 그 작용특성을 규명함으로서 U. atrum의 생물학적 방제제로서의 이용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 실시하였다. 토마토 잎의 표면과 조직 속에서 분리한 Ulocladium sp. CNU 9037과 CNU 9054 균주는 형태적 특징에 의하여 U. atrum로 동정되었으며 이것이 U. atrum의 국내 최초의 보고이다. 토마토 및 오이의 고사된 잎을 이용하여 U. atrum의 Botrytis spp. 포자형성억제력을 실내검정으로 조사하였던 바, U. atrum은 고사된 잎 절편에서 Botrytis의 포자형성을 효과적으로 억제하였다. Botrytis의 포자형성억제력은 U. atrum을 Botrytis보다 먼저 처리했을 경우 효과가 높았다. 백합 잎마름병 방제를 위한 포장(온실)실험 결과 U. atrum CNU 9037 균주의 포자현탁액 처리는 백합 잎마름병을 효과적으로 억제하였으며 방제가는 70%, 77%로 procymidone 약제 처리구의 방제가(58%)보다 우수하였다. U. atrum(CNU 9037, CNU 9054) 포자현탁액처리는 오이 잿빛곰팡이병도 효과적으로 억제하였으며, 그 방제가는 66${\sim}$71%였다. 본 연구의 결과는 U. atrum 균주가 오이, 백합의 Botrytis병의 생물학적 방제제로서 개발 가능성이 있음을 나타낸다