• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2015

Background : Ginseng is mainly grown as a break crop in paddy fields after rice has been cultured for approximately 4 - 5 years, because it reduces the negative effects of continuous rice cropping. However, physiological disorders, such as leaf discoloration, occur in ginseng grown in paddy fields with poor drainage and excessive levels of inorganic components. Methods and Results : This study investigated the effect of ridge height on the growth characteristics and yield of 6 year old Panax ginseng. Ridge height was varied by making 20, 30, and 40 cm high ridges in a pooly drained paddy field. Soil moisture content decreased, while electrical conductivity (EC) as the ridge height increased. The $NO_3$, K, Ca, Mg, and Na levels also rose as ridge height increased, but organic matter and $P_2O_4$ levels did not. The leaf discoloration ratio rose as the ridge height increased, and root yield reached a peak when the ridge height was 30 cm. Conclusion : A ridge height of 30 cm in poorly drained paddy field improved ginseng growth by reducing leaf discoloration and increasing root survival, owing to more suitable soil moisture and EC levels.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1983

To obtain basic information on the breeding of burley tobacco, classification of 41 varieties was carried out by using the cluster analysis of correlation coefficients and taxonomic distance based on twenty-one agromonic characters. Eight characters, such as days to flowering, length of flower axis, internode length, leaf length, yield, leaf angle to stem, vein angle to midrib and plant height, were useful in monothetic classification. Forty-one varieties were classified into four groups (I, II, III and IV) with weighted variable group method (WVGM ) and weighted jai. group method(WPGM), whereas the results classification of 33 varieties among them by WVGM were coincident with the results by WPGM. As for the characteristics of each group, group I related to late maturity, tall height and high yield, group II related to intermediate maturity, tall height and low yield, group 19 related to early maturity, intermediate height and low yield, and group W related to early maturity, short height and intermediate yield.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to examine the effect of various functional materials such as bioceramic podwers, crushed shells and elvanites supplemented to the each substrate on the seedlings growth of cucumber, watermelon and tomato. The seedlings were grown in pots filled with substrates of bioceramic podwers, crushed shell and elvanites. The growth of cucumber seedlings in terms of plant height, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf area, plant fresh and dry weight was promoted by adding the bioceramic. powder (1 to 2g/kg), crushed shells (20 to 80g/kg) or elvanites (20 to 80g/kg). Watermelon seedlings in terms of plant height, number of leaves and leaf area were greater than those of the control by adding bioceramics (1 to 2g/kg). Plant height was also promoted by the adding of bioceramic power from 16 days after treatment. But leaf area was increased from 8 days after treatment, while stem diameter was not affected. Watermelon seedlings were also influenced by adding curshed shells (20 to 80g/kg) and elvanites (20 to 40g/kg) into each substrate. The growth of characteristics of tomato seedlings were promoted by adding 1 to 3g/kg of bioceramics, 10 to 80g/kg of crushed shell or 20 to 40g/kg of elvanites, respectively. Especially, root growth was greatly influenced by bioceramic powder, whereas the shoot growth(leaves and stem) was stimulated by crushed shells and elvanites suppemented into substrate.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.481-488
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• 1999

This study was conducted to survey some characteristics in growth of perilla by fertilization level organic matter. Corn stalk, acorn and chestnut were used as organic fertilizer in this study. In the height of perilla, chestnut fertilizer with 880kg/10a that R2 is 0.9996 showed the height level, and followed by acorn and corn stalk in order. Number of the harvested leaves was the highest in acorn among the three organic fertilizer by chestnut and corn stalk in order. However, number of the harvested leaves continuously was the highest in chestnut. Weight of a leaf was more effective at three kinds of organic fertilizer than control. There were no difference in the rate of dried leaf weight according to kinds of organic fertilizer. On the other hand, the rate of dried leaf weight by growth period was different. It was found that the rate of dried leaf in 30days or 110days. Diameter of perilla stem at 30cm above the ground according to kinds and fertilizer level of organic fertilizer was surveyed. However, the difference was not detected in this study.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.816-824
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the shoot height at which the yield and nutritive value of wormwood (Artemisia montana) is optimized in order to provide information on its potential to support animal production (Experiment 1). A second objective was to determine how the essential oil (EO) concentration in wormwood hay and silage differ (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, Artemisia montana was harvested at five different shoot heights (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm) from triplicate $1.8{\times}1.8m$ plots. Dry matter (DM) yield was measured at each harvest date and the harvested wormwood was botanically separated into leaf, stalk and whole plant fractions and analyzed for chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (DMD). Values for total digestible nutrients (TDN), digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) were subsequently calculated using prediction equations. Dry matter yields of stalk and whole plant increased linearly (p<0.001) and leaf yield increased quadratically (p<0.01) with shoot height, whereas the leaf/stalk ratio decreased linearly (p<0.001). As shoot height increased, there was a linear increase (p<0.001) in leaf DM, ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents and a quadratic increase (p<0.05) in leaf acid detergent fiber (ADF) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) contents, and stalk and whole plant DM (p<0.001), organic matter (OM, p<0.01 and p<0.05), NDF (p<0.001 and 0.05) and NFE (p<0.05) contents. However, there were decreases in leaf crude protein content (CP, quadratic, p<0.001) and stalk and whole plant EE content (linear, p<0.001), CP (quadratic, p<0.05) and ash (quadratic, p<0.05) contents. Digestibility of DM and TDN, and DE and ME value in leaves were not affected by increasing shoot height, but these measures linearly decreased (p<0.001) in stalk and whole plant. In Experiment 2, the hay had higher DM and CP concentrations, but lower EE concentration than the silage. Essential oil (EO) content in wormwood silage (0.49 g/100 g DM) was higher (p<0.05) than that in wormwood hay (0.32 g/100 g DM). Wormwood hay contained 25 essentail oils (EO) including camphor (10.4 g/100 g), 1-borneol (11.6 g/100 g) and caryophyllene oxide (27.7 g/100 g), and wormwood silage had 26 EO constituents including 3-cyclohexen-1-ol (8.1 g/100 g), trans-caryophyllene (8.6 g/100 g) and ${\gamma}$-selinene (16.8 g/100 g). It is concluded that the most ideal shoot height for harvesting wormwood is 60 cm based on the optimization of DM yield and nutritive value. Wormwood silage had a greater quantity and array of EO than wormwood hay.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 1989

The experiment was conducted to obtain basic information on breeding of flue-cured tobacco varieties. Nine cultivars and partial diallel set of 36 F1 hybrides were grown at Taegu Experiment Station, Korea Ginseng & Tobacco Research Institute in 1983. Estimated heritability in the narrow-sense ranged from 66.21% to 94.12% for yield, leaves per plant, days to flower, leaf weight, leaf width, leaf shape, nicotine content and reducing sugar content, while that for stalk height, leaf length, midrib weight and midrib width ranged from 28.12% to 56.25%. The genotypic correlations were positive among yield, leaf weight, leaf length, leaf width, midrib weight and midrib width in the middle leaves, days to flower, nicotine content and reducing correlated with leaf length than leaf width. At the path coefficient analysis of the effect of leaf and midrib characters upon yield according to stalk position, leaf weight, leaf width and midrib width in the middle leaves, and leaf weight, and leaf width in the top leaves showed high direct effects.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2000

Excessive soil water in paddy field induces growth losses during the vegetative stages of soybean plants. Our objectives were to know growth responses of soybean as affected by the level of ridge heights. A field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Korea University near Seoul in 1996. Ten cultivars of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) were planted at the ridge heights of 10, 30, and 50cm in paddy soil on 27 June. Total dry matter accumulation at the 10cm ridge height was severely decreased until the growth stage of R5 as compared to the ridge heights of 30 and 50cm, and this decrement was mainly due to both reduced leaf and stem dry weights. However, seed dry weight was not significantly decreased at the lower ridge height with the increment of harvest index. Cultivar differences were found on seed dry weight, crop growth rate from R1 to R5, and leaf/stem ratio of R5. From the above results, soybean growth responses to excessive soil water in paddy field were different between seed filling stage and late vegetative to early reproductive growth stages.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.264-271
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate morphological characteristics of Korean local garlic varieties and to define the genetic variability and the correlations amongthe characters associated with yield. The plant height, the leaf sheath diameter, the nubmer of leaves, and bulb weight were significantly increased in the garlic plants from heavier seed bulbs. The proportation of six clove bulbs was more than 60% in Seosan variety and this was not realted with the number of cloves in seed bulb. While more than 70% bulbs in Jeoksung and Danyang varieties cultivated in paddy field were composed of 6 or 7 cloves, majority of the bulbs of Euisung and Danyang varieties cultivated in upland were composed of bulbs with 7 cloves or more. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were observed in bulb weight. GCV and PCV also showed high value in leaf sheath diameter. Thus, there is a greater scope for selection of these characters. The small difference between PCV and GCV values in plant height indicates that the environmental influence would be limited in this character. High heritability was observed of plant height (56.76%) and bulb weight (45.95%). And the weight per bulb (34.24%) exhibited highest genitic advance followed by leaf sheath diameter (18.8%) and plant height (9.61%), and those would be the ideal characters for selelction.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.207-216
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• 2003

고온기 분식 칼랑코에 재배에 있어 문제는 고온 스트레서에 의한 생장의 억제로, 본 연구는 지하부 및 지상부의 생장을 촉진을 시킬 수 있다고 알려진 근권 생장촉진미생물(Pseudomonas sp. B와 Pseudomonas sp. D2)을 선발하여 사용하였으며 천연물로서는 alginoligosaccharide와 glucosamine oligosaccharide를 사용하였다. 또한 이들의 AG-용액과 단일 및 복합 처리하여 재배 온도차이를 부여한 경우 칼랑코에의 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 상이한 지하부 온도조건은 25$^{\circ}C$, 30$^{\circ}C$ 및 35$^{\circ}C$로 처리하여, 2주후 초장, 엽장,엽폭, 엽면적, 엽중, 지상부 생체중, 근장, 근중을 조사하였다. 25$^{\circ}C$처리구에서는 초장, 엽면적, 엽중, 근중 모두 Pseudomonas sp. B와 glucosamine oligosaccharide를 혼합한 처리구가 가장 높았고, 30$^{\circ}C$의 경우 초장과 엽중은 glusosamine oligosaccharide처리에서, 엽면적과 근중은 Pseudomonas sp. D2와 algin-oligosaccharide를 처리구에서 가장 좋은 생장 효과를 나타내었다. 35$^{\circ}C$의 경우는 초장, 엽면적, 엽중, 근중 모두 Pseudomonas sp. B와 glucosamine oligosaccharide를 혼합한 처리구에서 효과가 컸다. 이상의 결과로 보아 고온기 칼랑코에의 분화 재배시 문제가 되는 생장억제현상은 천연제재와 미생물 제재를 혼합처리 함으로써 크게 개선시킬 수 있었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.515-523
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• 2012

Recent development and enlargement of reclaimed lands along the sea shores required to explore alternatives to existing crops, which are suitable to grow well and to declare higher profits. The objectives of this study were to investigate yield-related parameters for development of new leafy vegetables, and to screen some candidates among New Zealand spinach genotypes which were collected in Korea. Initially all the collected genotypes were grown for 7 weeks in a greenhouse of the experiment field in Chungnam National University, and then transplanted into the field to measure morphological or physiological parameters (plant height, branch number, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, and maximum canopy diameter), and yield-related parameters (leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight). Those parameters were quantitatively measured at 1, 5 or 9 weeks after transplanting (WAT). Parameters exhibiting statistically significant difference among the accessions were plant height, branch number, maximum canopy diameter, chlorophyll content, and leaf length. In contrast to highly correlated parameters with fresh and dry weight obtained in salt-affected soil in the earlier report, fresh weight was correlated significantly with leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.64), and canopy diameter(r=0.66), while dry weight was correlated significantly with plant height (r=0.46), leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.73), fresh weight (r=0.79), chlorophyll content (r=0.47), and canopy diameter (r=0.87). Based on the significantly correlated with yield parameters, the candidate accessions which were ranked in top statistical groups include CNU06A01, CNU06A13, CNU06A26, CNU06A35, CNU06A38, and CNU06A55. In order to be cultivated in reclaimed lands, it is necessary to screen out salt tolerant accessions among the above high-yielding genotypes.