• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.88-89
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• 2005

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.311-320
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• 2019

This study aimed to optimize mixing conditions (adding amount of squid skin and sea tangle Saccharina japonica) for concentrates of octopus Octopus vulgaris cooking effluent (COCE) and roasting conditions (temperature and time) of seasoned Laver Pyropia yezoensis with concentrates of octopus cooking effluent (SL-COCE) using response surface methodology (RSM). The results of RSM program for COCE showed that the optimum independent variables ($X_1$, squid skin amount; $X_2$, sea tangle amount) based on the dependent variables ($Y_1$, odor intensity; $Y_2$, amino-N content; $Y_3$, sensory overall acceptance) for high-quality COCE were 0.53% (w/w) for $X_1$ and 0.48% (w/w) for $X_2$ for uncoded values. The results of the RSM program for SL-COCE showed that the optimum independent variables ($X_1$, roasted temp.; $X_2$, roasted time) based on the dependent variables ($Y_1$, burnt odor intensity; $Y_2$, water activity; $Y_3$, sensory overall acceptance) for high-quality SL-COCE were $344^{\circ}C$ for $X_1$ and 8 sec for $X_2$ for uncoded values. The SL-COCE prepared under optimum procedure was superior in sensory overall acceptance to commercial seasoned laver.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2019

This study aimed to compare on sensory and nutritional characteristics between seasoned Laver Pyropia yezoensis with concentrates of octopus Octopus vulgaris cooking effluent (SL-COCE) and commercial seasoned laver (C-SL). Proximate composition of SL-COCE was significantly higher in moisture and ash, lower in lipid than those of C-SL. However, there was no differences in protein between seasoned lavers (P<0.05). The SL-COCE was stronger in sensory appearance, taste, flavor and texture than the C-SL. The SL-COCE was higher in mineral (Ca, P, K, Fe and Zn) than the C-SL. Total amino acid content of SL-COCE was slightly higher than that of C-SL. The major amino acids of SL-COCE were aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine. Mineral content based on the 100 g of SL-COCE was 272.3 mg in calcium, 392.2 mg in phosphorus, 1,025.8 mg in potassium, 10.6 mg in iron, 4.4 mg in zinc, which was higher than C-SL. Total content of fatty acid per the 100 g of SL-COCE was 35,098 mg, which was lower than C-SL (39,679 mg). The major fatty acids of SL-COCE were 16:0, 18:1n-9 and 18:2n-6.

• 환경생물
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2014

신안군 압해도 남서해역에 위치하는 김 양식 어장의 해양환경 특성을 파악하기 위하여 2013년 10월부터 2014년 월까지 김 엽상체의 성육 단계인 유엽기, 중엽기 및 성엽기에 맞추어 3회에 거쳐 수질환경과 식물플랑크톤 군집 파악을 위한 현장조사를 실시하였다. 압해 김 양식장은 수심의 얕은 천해역에 위치하여 바람과 조석혼합 등 물리적 교란에 의해 해저 표층퇴적물의 재부유가 심하게 발생하고 있다. 해저 표층퇴적물의 재부유는 영양염류의 공급과 함께 높은 총부유물질량에 의해 해수 중으로 투과되는 빛을 방해하여, 겨울 김 성장시기에 김과 동일한 영양염류 흡수를 경쟁하는 식물플랑크톤 성장을 방해하는 것으로 판단되었다. 이러한 압해 김 양식장 해양환경은 최근 일본의 김 흉작과 변색에 의해 품질이 저하되는 원인인 김 성장기 질소원을 중심으로 하는 영양염류 부족과 투명한 해수로 인한 충분한 광 투과로 김 보다 영양흡수 효율이 좋은 대형 규조류가 겨울 규조적조를 발생시키는 환경과 대조된다. 즉 압해도 김 양식장의 물리적 교란에 따른 퇴적물 재부유로 인한 영양염 공급과 높은 부유물질량에 따른 식물플랑크톤 성장 억제와 같은 해양환경이 우리나라 서해 남부 김 양식장의 높은 생산량으로 연결하는 중요한 인자로 작용한다고 판단되었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.320-323
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• 2008

This study attempts to establish a system extracting and monitoring cultural grounds of seaweeds (lavers, brown seaweeds and seaweed fulvescens) and abalone on the basis of both KOMPSAT-2 and Terrasar-X data. The study areas are located in the northwest and southwest coast of South Korea, famous for coastal cultural grounds. The northwest site is in a high tidal range area (on the average, 6.1 min Asan Bay) and has laver cultural grounds for the most. An semi-automatic detection system of laver facilities is described and assessed for spacebome optic images. On the other hand, the southwest cost is most famous for seaweeds. Aquaculture facilities, which cover extensive portions of this area, can be subdivided into three major groups: brown seaweeds, capsosiphon fulvescens and abalone farms. The study is based on interpretation of optic and SAR satellite data and a detailed image analysis procedure is described here. On May 25 and June 2, 2008 the TerraSAR-X radar satellite took some images of the area. SAR data are unique for mapping those farms. In case of abalone farms, the backscatters from surrounding dykes allows for recognition and separation of abalone ponds from all other water-covered surfaces. But identification of seaweeds such as laver, brown seaweeds and seaweed fulvescens depends on the dampening effect due to the presence of the facilities and is a complex task because objects that resemble seaweeds frequently occur, particularly in low wind or tidal conditions. Lastly, fusion of SAR and optic spatial images is tested to enhance the detection of aquaculture facilities by using the panchromatic image with spatial resolution 1 meter and the corresponding multi-spectral, with spatial resolution 4 meters and 4 spectrum bands, from KOMPSAT-2. The mapping accuracy achieved for farms will be estimated and discussed after field verification of preliminary results.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.153-166
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• 1991

Laver is sea weeds that might have been eaten by Korean people since ancient times. The begining of laver culture is not known exactly, but it appears to be prehistoric age. Some laver culture complexes have been built in southern coastal sea of Korea around 1910. This paper was considered about the origin and development process of Korean laver culture industry by investigating Korean and Asian old books concerned. The results are as follows. 1. According to the Korean old books ralated, the name of laver is classified into 10kinds. Gim and Hae-I were called by Korean. Gim means weeds and Hae-I means the manufactured laver by cutting and drying like paper sheet. Ja-Chae and Hae-Tae are come from Chinese, however they are commonly called by Korean, Japanese and Chinese. Rest six names are come from Chinese botany. 2. As Chinese used laver as medicine for wen, scrofula, fever, vomiting, diarrhoea and. so on, they didn't regard it as foods and took into account an warning by Chinese botany that they could take ill when overeating it. On the other as Korean people have eaten it with pleasure nevertheless the Chinese warning, various foods using laver have been developed. The typical food is rice covering laver sheet. It is also popular to Japanese. 3. Laver culture can be carried out in all coastal seas around Korean peninsula, the best sea area for it is the middle west of south sea. 4. Seopkkoji type is a laver culture method that when branches of tree are put in tidal flat laver sporules are attached and gronm on them. It was begun by Hae-Jak Kun(a group of fishery slaves) on Kwang-Yang bay the most suitable for. laver growth at the beginning of King $Sung-long(1469{\~}1481)$. It is assumed that when Hae-Jak Kun set Oe-Jeon(a sort of fixing fishing gear) to catch tributary fish for king, they could find grown laver attached on Oe-Jeon and invent Seopkkoji type for exclusive laver culture. That was carried out 200 fears earlier than in Japan. Dde-Bal type is more advanced and productive laver culture method with thinly spilt bamboo tied like screen(one end fixed on bottom and other end set free in water), It is assumed that Dde-Bal type was begun in Wan-Do county in King Chull-Jong(1830). All laver culture methods developed were transfered to Japan.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.73-74
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• 2009

This study attempts to establish a system extracting and monitoring cultural grounds of seaweeds (lavers, brown seaweeds and seaweed fulvescens) and abalone on the basis of both KOMPSAT-2 and Terrasar-X data. The study areas are located in the northwest and southwest coast of South Korea, famous for coastal cultural grounds. The northwest site is in a high tidal range area (on the average, 6.1 m in Asan Bay) and has laver cultural grounds for the most. An semi-automatic detection system of laver facilities is described and assessed for spaceborne optic images. On the other hand, the southwest cost is most famous for seaweeds. Aquaculture facilities, which cover extensive portions of this area, can be subdivided into three major groups: brown seaweeds, capsosiphon fulvescens and abalone farms. The study is based on interpretation of optic and SAR satellite data and a detailed image analysis procedure is described here. On May 25 and June 2, 2008 the TerraSAR-X radar satellite took some images of the area. SAR data are unique for mapping those farms. In case of abalone farms, the backscatters from surrounding dykes allows for recognition and separation of abalone ponds from all other water-covered surfaces. But identification of seaweeds such as laver, brown seaweeds and seaweed fulvescens depends on the dampening effect due to the presence of the facilities and is a complex task because objects that resemble seaweeds frequently occur, particularly in low wind or tidal conditions. Lastly, fusion of SAR and optic spatial images is tested to enhance the detection of aquaculture facilities by using the panchromatic image with spatial resolution 1 meter and the corresponding multi-spectral, with spatial resolution 4 meters and 4 spectrum bands, from KOMPSAT-2. The mapping accuracy achieved for farms will be estimated and discussed after field verification of preliminary results.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.55-67
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• 2021

Global warming affects critical natural resources, one of which is the oceans that occupy 70% of the total cover of the earth. In other words, ocean warming is a subset of global warming which needs to be addressed urgently. Purple laver (pyropia spp.) is one of the most vulnerable items to climate change although it is a major export product of Korean fisheries. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causality of how climate change caused by global warming affects the increase or decrease of PLP (purple laver production). The target area for analysis was set to Maro-hae between Jindo-gun and Haenam-gun. We selected marine environmental factors and meteorologic factors that could affect PLP as variables, as well as co-integration tests to determine long-term balance, and the Granger causticity tests. As a result, PLP and marine environmental factors WT (water temperature), pH, and DO confirmed that long-term equilibrium relationships were established, respectively. However, there is only causality with WT and it is confirmed that there is only a correlation between pH and DO (dissolved oxygen). There was no long-term equilibrium relationship between PLP and HDD (heating degree days) and there is a causal effect that HDD affects PLP; however, it was less clear than that of WT. The relationship between PLP and RF (rainfall), WS (wind speed), SS (percentage of sunshine), and FF (farm facilities) was all balanced in the long term, and causality exists. Based on the results of the analysis, policy proposals were made.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.105-108
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• 2004

Organic acid is made with carbonized organic acid that is produced from charcoal burning process. It is evaluated whether carbonized organic acid is able to removed Enteromorpha in the laboratory and Porphra aquaculture farm test. The optimum condition for Enteromorpha removal are revealed ten times dilution and ten second immersion. The mortality rate of Enteromorpha is $95\%$ and diatom-detaching rate is $100\%$ by the organic acid treatment. On the other hand, the mortality rate of Porphra is lower than $5%\$. It was measured that nitrogen was 0.175 mg/l and phosphorus was 0.0158 mg/l. Therefore, Concentration of nutrients were lower than being necessary to Porphra growth. Growth rate of Porphra was $12\%$ increased by organic acid treatment with carbonized organic acid added nutrient.

• ALGAE
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2023

The oomycete pathogens Pythium porphyrae, causing red rot disease, and Olpidiopsis spp. causing Olpidiopsis-blight, cause serious economic losses to Pyropia sea farms in Korea. During the washing step for Pyropia processing, these pathogens proliferate rapidly, significantly reducing the quality of the final product. To develop non-acidic treatments for these pathogens, various calcium salts were tested against the infectivity of P. porphyrae and Olpidiopsis pyropiae on Pyropia gametophytes, and calcium propionate was the most effective. When Pyropia blades were immersed in 10 mM calcium propionate for 1 h after inoculation with the oomycete pathogen, infection rate of both oomycete pathogens on day 2 was significantly lower (7.1%) than control (>95%). Brief incubation of Pyropia blades in calcium propionate also reduced the spread of infection. The infected area of Pyropia thallus was reduced to 14.3% of the control in 2 days after treatment with 100 mM calcium propionate for 30 s. In field experiments conducted in actual aquaculture farms, it has been shown that a brief 30 s wash every two weeks with 100 mM calcium propionate can effectively reduce the spread of oomycetes throughout the entire culture period. The above results suggest that calcium propionate can be a useful means for controlling the spread of oomycetes not only during laver processing but also during aquaculture.