• Title/Summary/Keyword: Lateral pterygoid

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE MANDIBULAR GROWTH FOLLOWING RESECTION OF THE LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE IN RAT (백서 외측익돌근 제거가 하악골 성장에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Kim, Tae-Woo
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.119-131
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    • 1986
  • The purpose of the study is to note the effects of the resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle on the mandibular growth in the growing rats. Twenty four female Wistar rats were used in the experiment. They were divided into three groups: group 1 ; bilateral sham operation group 2 ; bilateral resenction of the lateral pterygoid muscle group 3 ; unilateral resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle (The right lateral pterygoid muscle was resected and the left one was sham-operated.) Groups 1&2 were sacrificed eight weeks lateral and group 3, four weeks later. All specimens were measured with calipers, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Groups 1 & 2 were compared with each other. In group 3, the right side was compared with the left. The results were as follows: 1. In the growing rats, the resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle was followed by a decrease of the mandibular growth. After eight weeks, the condyle-mental foramen distance, the angular process-mental foramen distance, the size of the condylar head, the supradentale-first molar distance, and the diameter of the symphysis were significantly smaller than the control. 2. Resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle resulted in decrease of the thickness of the cartilage layer and the prechondroblastic-chondroblastic layer after four weeks. 3. After eight weeks, group 1 and group 2 were not different significantly in the histologic sections. 4. The condylar cartilage was stabilized eight weeks after the experiment.

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Management of Lateral Pterygoid Myalgia with Diagnostic Local Anesthetic Injection: A Report of 2 Cases (진단적 국소마취 주사를 이용한 가쪽날개근 근육통의 치료 2 증례)

  • Im, Yeong-Gwan;Kim, Byung-Gook
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.275-281
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    • 2010
  • The lateral pterygoid muscle is one of the masticatory muscles basic to jaw function. Because of its deep location in the masticatory system, digital palpation of the muscle is usually difficult to perform and unreliable. Therefore, diagnosis of the myalgic disorders involving the lateral pterygoid muscle is a perplexing problem for clinicians. Local anesthetic injection can be a more effective method to examine the lateral pterygoid muscle for the purpose of discriminating the source of pain. Furthermore, immediate elimination of muscle pain facilitates stretching of the muscle in the full range. We report two cases of lateral pterygoid myalgia that were diagnosed and managed successfully through the use of intramuscular local anesthetic injection.

Relationship between Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Horizontal Morphology of Lateral Pterygoid Muscle (외측 익돌근의 수평적 형태와 측두하악관절장애 간의 상관성)

  • Jung, Jae-Kwang;Kwon, Choonik;Byun, Jin-Seok;Choi, Jae-Kap
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.149-159
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between horizontal morphology of lateral pterygoid muscle and onset of temporomandibular joint disorders. Randomly selected 150 subjects, assigned with equal number in terms of gender and age group, were included. The axial and sagittal images in their magnetic resonance images of the temporomandibular joints were used to measure the morphologic characteristics of lateral pterygoid muscles and temporomandibular joints. The measurement variables were maximal horizontal width and insertion angle to the condyle, position of the articular disc, condylar deformity, and joint effusion. In addition, presence or absence of the temporomandibular joint pain was examined through history and palpation of the joints. The relationships among measurement variables were analyzed and the results were as follow. The insertion angle of the lateral pterygoid muscle to the condyle was higher in the joint of anterior disc displacement without reduction than that in the joint of normal disc position. In addition, the maximal horizontal width of the lateral pterygoid muscle was significantly increased in joints with pain than those without pain. Also, the insertion angle was significantly higher in younger age group and the maximal width was significantly greater in male than in female. These results suggest that high insertion angle of lateral pterygoid muscle might be an important anatomic predisposing factor for anterior disc displacement in temporomandibular joint and muscular activity of lateral pterygoid muscle might be affected by preauricular pain. In conclusion, there might be a bi-directional interaction between lateral pterygoid muscle and joint in the progression of anterior disc displacement in temporomandibular joint.

Can pterygoid plate asymmetry be linked to temporomandibular joint disorders?

  • Guerrero, Maria Eugenia;Beltran, Jorge;de Laat, Antoon;Jacobs, Reinhilde
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.89-94
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between pterygoid plate asymmetry and temporomandibular joint disorders. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 60 patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) involving pain were analyzed and compared with images of 60 age-and gender-matched controls. Three observers performed linear measurements of the lateral pterygoid plates. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between measurements of the lateral pterygoid plates on the site that had pain and the contralateral site (p<0.05). The average length of the lateral pterygoid plates (LPPs) in patients with TMD was $17.01{\pm}3.64mm$ on the right side and $16.21{\pm}3.51mm$ on the left side, and in patients without TMD, it was $11.86{\pm}1.97mm$ on the right side and $11.98{\pm}1.85mm$ on the left side. Statistically significant differences in the LPP length, measured on CBCT, were found between patients with and without TMD (p<0.05). The inter-examiner reliability obtained in this study was very high for all the examiners (0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.98-0.99). Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, CBCT lateral pterygoid plate measurements at the side with TMD were found to be significantly different from those on the side without TMD. More research is needed to explore potential etiological correlations and implications for treatment.

Incidence of pterygospinous and pterygoalar bridges in dried skulls of Koreans

  • Ryu, Sol-Ji;Park, Min-Kyu;Lee, U-Young;Kwak, Hyun-Ho
    • Anatomy and Cell Biology
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.143-150
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    • 2016
  • Understanding of morphological structures such as the sphenoid spine and pterygoid processes is important during lateral transzygomatic infratemporal fossa approach. In addition, osseous variations such as pterygospinous and pterygoalar bridges are significant in clinical practice because they can produce various neurological disturbances or block the passage of a needle into the trigeminal ganglion through the foramen ovale. Two hundred and eighty-four sides of Korean adult dry skulls were observed to carry out morphometric analysis of the lateral plate of the pterygoid process, to investigate, for the first time among Koreans, the incidence of the pterygospinous and pterygoalar bony bridges, to compare the results with those available for other regional populations, and to discuss their clinical relevance as described on literatures. The mean of maximum widths of the left and right lateral plates of the pterygoid process were 15.99 mm and 16.27 mm, respectively. Also, the mean of maximum heights of the left and right lateral plates were 31.02 mm and 31.01 mm, respectively. The ossified pterygospinous ligament was observed in 51 sides of the skulls (28.0%). Ossification of the pterygospinous ligament was complete in four sides (1.4%). In 47 sides (16.6%), the pterygospinous bridge was incomplete. The ossified pterygoalar ligament was observed in 24 sides of the skulls (8.4%). Ossification was complete in eight sides (2.8%) and incomplete in 16 sides (5.6%). This detailed analysis of the lateral plate of the pterygoid process and related ossification of ligaments can improve the understanding of complex clinical neuralgias associated with this region.

Anterior Approach to the Infratemporal Fossa in Cases of Posterior Wall Invasion of Maxillary Cancer (상악동 후벽을 침습한 상악암의 절제를 위한 측두하와의 전방 접근법)

  • Choi Eun-Chang;Yoon Joo-Heon;Kim Young-Ho;Hong Won-Pyo
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.128-136
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    • 1994
  • Maxillary cancer is usually detected late, and the majority of patients have advanced($T_3\;or\;T_4$) diseases at the first diagnosis. It invades outside the maxillary antrum, superiorly the orbit, ethmoid sinus and the anterior cranial base, anteriorly the facial skin. If the cancer extends through the posterior antral wall, the pterygoid plates, pterygoid muscles and infratemporal fossa are to be involved that make the conventional maxillectomy impossible to remove all the involved structures in infratemporal fossa completely. So, more extensive surgical apprdoach is necessary. We report surgical experience using infratemporal fossa approach(lateral facial approach) in four cases of maxillary cancer and one case of hard palate cancer which extends through the posterior antral wall and involving pterygoid muscles, pterygoid plates and temporalis muscle.

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Evaluation of masticatory muscles of mandibular asymmetry patients by computed tomography (전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 비대칭 환자의 저작근 평가)

  • Choi Soon-Chul;Lee Sun-Bok;Lee Jin-Koo;Yi Won-Jin;Heo Min-Suk;Lee Sam-Sun
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.31-34
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: To compare the size of the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscle between the affected and the unaffected side of the patients who have the chief complaints of the mandibular asymmetry. Materials and Methods: Twenty two patients (male: 4, female: 18, average age: 21.3 year-old) were radiographed using posterior-anterior (P-A) cephalography and computed tomography (CT). On P-A cephalography, the degree of deviation was determined by the distance from the mentum to the vertical reference line through the crista galli and the anterior nasal spine. On the scanned tracing papers of the maximum cross-sectional area of the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscle using axial CT images, the pixel number was measured. The ratio of the affected : unaffected sides were obtained. For the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscle, the relationship between the muscular volume and degree of skeletal hypoplasia was studied. Results : The half cases showed no skeletal asymmetry. The lateral pterygoid muscle of the affected side was larger significantly than unaffected side (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between two sides in the cases of skeletal asymmetry. There was only significant difference in the cases without skeletal asymmetry (p<0.05). Conclusions : To some extent, the slight mandibular hypoplasia could affect the growth of some masticatory muscles.

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PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPH OF THE FACIAL BONES ACCORDING TO HEAD POSITION (두부위치에 따른 안면골의 파노라마방사선사진상)

  • Choi Soon-Chul
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.25-29
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    • 1989
  • The author has evaluated the panoramic image clarity of the midfacial anatomic structures in dry skull according to the skull position. The radiopaque markers were attached to the anatomic structures: infraorbial rim, upper and lower borders of zygomatic arch, pterygomaxillary fissure, lateral pterygoid plate, pyriform aperture of nasal cavity, lateral wall of maxilla, orbital floor, infraorbital foramen, and nasal floor. Position of the skull were divided into four groups. standard, 25mm forward, chin-down, chin-up position. The results were as follows: 1. The pyriform aperture of nasal cavity, lateral wall of the maxilla, orbital floor, infraorbital foramen and nasal floor did net cast any discernible image. 2. Nearly all images of midfacial structures were blurred in the chin-up position. 3. The forward position provided good visualization of the maxillary sinus. 4. The chin-down position provided good visualization of the zygomatic arch, pterygomaxillary fissue, and lateral pterygoid plate.

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Correlation between mandibular morphology and masticatory muscle thickness in normal occlusion and mandibular prognathism

  • Kim, Tae-Ho;Kim, Chul-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.313-320
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    • 2020
  • Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between masticatory muscle thickness and mandibular morphology in young Korean adults with normal occlusion and mandibular prognathism. Patients and Methods: Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) was used to measure the masticatory muscle thickness on the right side in 100 Korean young adults (50 normal occlusion group, 50 mandibular prognathism group). Cephalometric analysis was done to measure mandibular morphology. Pearson correlation analysis was done to investigate the relationship between the masticatory muscle thickness and mandibular morphometry. Results: The four masticatory muscles showed positive correlation with intergonial width in all subjects. All muscles, except temporalis, positively correlated with height of the ramus and mandibular length. Positive correlation was also observed in all muscles, except medial pterygoid, with thickness of the ramus. In the normal occlusion group, all four masticatory muscles showed positive correlation with intergonial width and ramus thickness. Positive correlation was also observed in all muscles (except lateral pterygoid) with mandibular length. Masseter and lateral pterygoid positively correlated with height of the ramus. In the mandibular prognathism group, all masticatory muscles, except lateral pterygoid, showed positive correlation with intergonial width. The masseter muscle showed negative correlation with ANB. Conclusion: The results suggest a positive correlation of the thickness of masticatory muscles with both horizontal and vertical dimensions of the mandible. However, thickness of the masseter was found to decrease in patients with increasing severity of mandibular prognathism.

The sphenopalatine vein: anatomical study of a rarely described structure

  • Joe Iwanaga;Eric Pineda;Yusuke Miyamoto;Grzegorz Wysiadecki;Samir Anadkat;R. Shane Tubbs
    • Anatomy and Cell Biology
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    • v.56 no.2
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    • pp.200-204
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    • 2023
  • Although in counterpart, the sphenopalatine artery (SPA), has been well described in the medical literature, the sphenopalatine vein (SPV) has received scant attention. Therefore, the present anatomical study was performed. Additionally, we discuss the variations, embryology, and clinical significance of the SPV. Adult cadaveric specimens underwent dissection of the SPV. In addition, some specimens were submitted for histological analysis of this structure. The SPV was found to drain from the sphenoidal sinus and nasal septum. Small tributaries traveled through the nasal septum with the posterior septal branches of the SPA and nasopalatine nerve. The SPA and SPV were found to travel through the sphenopalatine foramen and another tributary was found to perforate the medial plate of the pterygoid process and to connect to the pterygoid venous plexus which traveled lateral to the medial plate of the pterygoid process. The vein traveled through the posterior part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity with the posterior lateral nasal branches of the SPA and the lateral superior posterior nasal branches of the maxillary nerve. To our knowledge, this is the first anatomical study on the SPV in humans. Data on the SPV provides an improved anatomical understanding of the vascular network of the nasal cavity. Developing a more complete picture of the nasal cavity and its venous supply might help surgeons and clinicians better manage clinical entities such as posterior epistaxis, cavernous sinus infections, and perform endoscopic surgery with fewer complications.