• 제목/요약/키워드: Lateral loading capacity

검색결과 256건 처리시간 0.04초

The effect of welding on the strength of aluminium stiffened plates subject to combined uniaxial compression and lateral pressure

  • Pedram, Masoud;Khedmati, Mohammad Reza
    • International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.39-59
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    • 2014
  • Nowadays aluminum stiffened plates are one of the major constituents of the marine structures, especially high-speed vessels. On one hand, these structures are subject to various forms of loading in the harsh sea environment, like hydrostatic lateral pressures and in-plane compression. On the other hand, fusion welding is often used to assemble those panels. The common marine aluminum alloys in the both 5,000 and 6,000 series, however, lose a remarkable portion of their load carrying capacity due to welding. This paper presents the results of sophisticated finite-element investigations considering both geometrical and mechanical imperfections. The tested models were those proposed by the ultimate strength committee of $15^{th}$ ISSC. The presented data illuminates the effects of welding on the strength of aluminum plates under above-mentioned load conditions.

토목섬유로 보강된 연약지반의 정.동적 모형실험 (Static and Repeat Loads Model Test on Soft Clay Layer due to the Geotextile Reinforcement)

  • 김영수;권성목;김연욱;김형준
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.232-239
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    • 2005
  • Recently geosynthetics that can be constructed on soft ground have been used for reinforcement and separation in various ways. Through laboratory model tests and numerical analysis, in this study, estimated the suitability of cable elements and appropriate input factors considering loading effect in modeling of geosynthetics. First, in laboratory model tests, geosynthetics were constructed on the clay, and covered with the thickness, 7.5cm of sand mat. And then static and dynamic model tests were performed measuring loading, settlement, ground lateral displacement, and displacements of geosynthetics, but, for cyclic loading, bearing capacity increased linearly with stiff slop because cyclic loading with constant cyclic pressure compacted the ground. Numerical analysis were performed with FLAC 4.0 2D using Mohr-Coulomb and Modified Cam-Clay models, and they compared with the results of model tests. Cable elements of FLAC in modeling geosynthetics couldn't consider the characteristics of geosynthetics that increase shear strength between geosynthetics and clay according to the loading increase. Therefore, in this study, appropriate equation that can consider loading effects in Cable elements was proposed by Case Study.

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Novel NSM configuration for RC column strengthening-A numerical study

  • Gurunandan, M.;Raghavendra, T.
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.437-445
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    • 2021
  • Retrofitting of structures has gained importance over the recent years. Particularly, Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) column strengthening has become a challenge to the structural engineers, owing to the risks and complexities involved in it. There are several methods of RCC column strengthening viz. RCC jacketing, steel jacketing and Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) wrapping etc., FRP wrapping is the most promising alternative when compared to the others. The large research database shows FRP wrapping, through lateral confinement, improves the axial load carrying capacity of the columns under concentric loading. However, its confining efficiency reduces under eccentric loading. Hence a relative newer technique called Near Surface Mounting (NSM), in which Carbon FRP (CFRP) strips are epoxy grouted to the precut grooves in the cover concrete of the columns, has been thrust domain of research. NSM technique strengthens the column nominally under concentric load case while significantly under eccentric case. A novel configuration of NSM in which the vertical NSM (VNSM) strips are being connected by horizontal NSM (HNSM) strips was numerically investigated under both concentric and eccentric loading. It was found that the configuration with 6 HNSM strips performed better under eccentric loading than under concentric loading, while the configuration with 3 HNSM strips performed better under concentric loading than under eccentric loading. Hence an optimum of 4 HNSM strips is recommended as strengthening measure for the given column specifications. It was also found that Aluminum alloy cannot be used instead of CFRP in NSM applications owing to its lower mechanical properties.

Experimental studies on steel frame structures of traditional-style buildings

  • Xue, Jianyang;Qi, Liangjie
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.235-255
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    • 2016
  • This paper experimentally investigated the behavior of steel frame structures of traditional-style buildings subjected to combined constant axial load and reversed lateral cyclic loading conditions. The low cyclic reversed loading test was carried out on a 1/2 model of a traditional-style steel frame. The failure process and failure mode of the structure were observed. The mechanical behaviors of the steel frame, including hysteretic behaviors, order of plastic hinges, load-displacement curve, characteristic loads and corresponding displacements, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness degradation were analyzed. Test results showed that the Dou-Gong component (a special construct in traditional-style buildings) in steel frame structures acted as the first seismic line under the action of horizontal loads, the plastic hinges at the beam end developed sufficiently and satisfied the Chinese Seismic Design Principle of "strong columns-weak beams, strong joints-weak members". The pinching phenomenon of hysteretic loops occurred and it changed into Z-shape, indicating shear-slip property. The stiffness degradation of the structure was significant at the early stage of the loading. When failure, the ultimate elastic-plastic interlayer displacement angle was 1/20, which indicated high collapse resistance capacity of the steel frame. Furthermore, the finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the behavior of traditional-style frame structure. Test results agreed well with the results of the finite element analysis.

Structural coupling mechanism of high strength steel and mild steel under multiaxial cyclic loading

  • Javidan, Fatemeh;Heidarpour, Amin;Zhao, Xiao-Ling;Al-Mahaidi, Riadh
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.229-242
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    • 2018
  • High strength steel is widely used in industrial applications to improve the load-bearing capacity and reduce the overall weight and cost. To take advantage of the benefits of this type of steel in construction, an innovative hybrid fabricated member consisting of high strength steel tubes welded to mild steel plates has recently been developed. Component-scale uniaxial and multiaxial cyclic experiments have been conducted with simultaneous constant or varying axial compression loads using a multi-axial substructure testing facility. The structural interaction of high strength steel tubes with mild steel plates is investigated in terms of member capacity, strength and stiffness deterioration and the development of plastic hinges. The deterioration parameters of hybrid specimens are calibrated and compared against those of conventional steel specimens. Effect of varying axial force and loading direction on the hysteretic deterioration model, failure modes and axial shortening is also studied. Plate and tube elements in hybrid members interact such that the high strength steel is kept within its ultimate strain range to prevent sudden fracture due to its low ultimate to yield strain ratio while the ductile performance of plate governs the global failure mechanism. High strength material also significantly reduces the axial shortening in columns which prevents undesirable frame deformations.

Behavior of CFST columns with inner CFRP tubeunder biaxial eccentric loading

  • Li, Guochang;Yang, Zhijain;Lang, Yan;Fang, Chen
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.1487-1505
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    • 2016
  • This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the behavior of a new type of composite FRP-concrete-steel member subjected to bi-axial eccentric loading. This new type of composite member is in the form of concrete-filled square steel tube slender columns with inner CFRP (carbon fiber-reinforced polymer) circular tube, composed of an inner CFRP tube and an outer steel tube with concrete filled in the two tubes. Tests on twenty-six specimens of high strength concrete-filled square steel tube columns with inner CFRP circular tube columns (HCFST-CFRP) were carried out. The parameters changed in the experiments include the slenderness ratio, eccentric ratio, concrete strength, steel ratio and CFRP ratio. The experimental results showed that the failure mode of HCFST-CFRP was similar to that of HCFST, and the specimens failed by local buckling because of the increase of lateral deflection. The steel tube and the CFRP worked together well before failure under bi-axial eccentric loading. Ductility of HCFST-CFRP was better than that of HCFST. The ultimate bearing capacity of test specimen was calculated with simplified formula, which agreed well with test results, and the simplified formula can be used to calculate the bearing capacity of HCFSTF within the parameters of this test.

Response of square anchor plates embedded in reinforced soft clay subjected to cyclic loading

  • Biradar, Jagdish;Banerjee, Subhadeep;Shankar, Ravi;Ghosh, Poulami;Mukherjee, Sibapriya;Fatahi, Behzad
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.165-173
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    • 2019
  • Plate anchors are generally used for structures like transmission towers, mooring systems etc. where the uplift and lateral forces are expected to be predominant. The capacity of anchor plate can be increased by the use of geosynthetics without altering the size of plates. Numerical simulations have been carried out on three different sizes of square anchor plates. A single layer geosynthetic has been used as reinforcement in the analysis and placed at three different positions from the plate. The effects of various parameters like embedment ratio, position of reinforcement, width of reinforcement, frequency and loading amplitude on the pull out capacity have been presented in this study. The load-displacement behaviour of anchors for various embedment ratios with and without reinforcement has been also observed. The pull out load, corresponding to a displacement equal to each of the considered maximum amplitudes of a given frequency, has been expressed in terms of a dimensionless breakout factor. The pull out load for all anchors has been found to increase by more than 100% with embedment ratio varying from 1 to 6. Finally a semi empirical formulation for breakout factor for square anchors in reinforced soil has also been proposed by carrying out regression analysis on the data obtained from numerical simulations.

반복 횡하중을 받는 유공 PC 기둥 접합부의 구조성능 평가 (Evaluation of Structural Performance the Hollow PC Column Joint Subjected to Cyclic Lateral Load)

  • 서수연;윤승조;이우진
    • 콘크리트학회논문집
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.335-343
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구는 프리캐스트 콘크리트 모멘트 골조 시스템의 시공 성능 향상과 접합부 내진성능 향상을 위하여 새로운 개념의 PC 기둥 부재와 시공 공정을 개발하였다. 이 PC 기둥은 원심력으로 제조되어 내부에 공간이 비워있는 중공관 PC 부재로서, 이 기둥을 활용할 경우, 중공관을 통하여 현장타설 콘크리트와 동일한 일체성을 확보할 수 있다. 본 연구는 제안된 PC 기둥 접합부의 내진성능을 평가하기 위하여 반복가력 시험을 수행하였다. 실험체는 기둥 주철근의 연속성을 확보하기 위하여 기계적 이음과 겹침이음을 활용한 2가지 이음 방법을 적용하였으며, PC 기둥의 띠철근 배근 형태를 고려하여 실물 크기의 4개 실험체를 계획 실험하였다. 반복 횡력 시험 결과, 제안된 HPCC 기둥을 활용할 경우, 현장타설 RC 시스템의 접합부 내진성능을 충분히 확보할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

매립형 SRC 기둥재의 변형성능에 대한 축력의 영향 (Effects of Axial Force on Deformation Capacity of Steel Encased Reinforced Concrete Beam-Columns)

  • 정진안;양일승;최성모
    • 한국강구조학회 논문집
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.251-259
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    • 2003
  • 본 논문은 매립형 SRC기둥의 축력과 변형능력과의 관계를 찾아내기 위하여 해석적인 연구를 수행하였다. 해석 모델은 캔틸레버기둥으로 한정하였으며 SRC 기둥의 비탄성 거동에 영향을 미치는 변수들인 철골비, 매립철골형상과 전단스팬과 춤과의 비에 대하여 검토하였다. 일정회전각하에 축력과 반복수평력을 받는 SRC기둥의 안정적 거동을 보장하기 위한 최대한계축력이 있다는 것을 해석결과들은 보여 주고 있다. 반복 횡하중을 받는 기둥이 저항할 수 있는 최대축력은 소요회전각을 보장하는 안정한계축력으로서 정의된다. 해석결과에 따르면 안정한 계축력비는 강재의 강도가 증가함에 따라 콘크리트의 강도가 감소함에 따라 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 I형 단면이 매립형 철골로 사용될때 철골 단면적이 증가함에 따라 안정한계 축력비는 증가하며, 십자형 단면이 사용되는 경우에는 단면적에 의한 영향이 거의 없었다.

반복하중을 받는 육각형 블록 벽체 전단내력평가 (An Estimation of Shear Capacity of Hexagonal Masonry Walls Under Cyclic Loading)

  • 장극관;서대원;한태경
    • 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.205-214
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    • 2010
  • 일반적으로 조적조는 석재, 벽돌, 시멘트블록 등의 조적 개체와 모르타르(motar) 등 이종재료로 구성된 적층구조로서, 우리나라뿐만 아니라 전 세계적으로 가장 오래되고 광범위하게 사용되어진 구조재료이다. 그러나 수직하중에 대한 큰 저항능력에 비해 횡력에 매우 취약한 단점을 갖고 있으며, 최근에 발생한 지진피해사례에서도 저층의 조적조 건축물의 피해가 많이 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수평전단력 향상을 위하여 기존 사각형 블록 벽체에서 발생되는 횡방향 통줄눈을 방지하여 횡력에 대한 저항력을 높여줄 수 있는 육각형 형태의 블록을 개발하고, 개발된 블록을 사용한 조적 벽체의 구조실험을 수행하여 거동특성과 전단강도의 증가효과 등을 분석하며, 신축 및 건물 리모델링시에 내진보강용으로 사용할 수 있는 조적조를 제안하고자 하였다. 개발된 중공형 및 솔리드형 블록을 사용하여, 블록의 형상 및 수직 철근 보강량 및 배열위치를 변수로 육각형 블록 벽체의 구조실험을 수행 하였으며, 기존 사각형의 조적조 벽체에 비교하여 상대적으로 연성적인 거동과 전단저항 능력의 향상을 확인할 수 있었다.