• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.36
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• pp.165-196
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• 2011

With the increasing concerns of victimization of school violence, this paper is intended to present a pioneering study on the victims' conscientization which may result from their own experience of school violence by peers. The predominant concern of the study consists in: (1) the direct effects of individuals' perception toward violence in general, non-assertiveness, school violence experience by peers, and prosocial behavioral tendency on the individual conscientization of school violence problems; (2) the indirect effects of both individual prosocial behavioral tendency and perceptions toward violence through non-assertiveness on individual conscientization of school violence problems;(3) the sexual differences of the five latent variables(perceptions toward violence in general, non-assertiveness, prosocial behavioral tendency, school violence experience by peers, and conscientization of school violence problems; (4) the sexual differences of both direct and indirect correlates on conscientization of school violence problems. Research is based on a survey conducted with 526 adolescents (268 males and 258 females) from 16 middle schools located in different districts of the city of Pohang. In order to address the research questions, structural equation models on adolescents' conscientization of school violence are explored. A variety of tests are conducted (configural invariance, metric invariance and structural invariance, intercept invariance, critical ratio for difference test, multi-group analysis, latent mean analysis including Cohen's effect test). The major findings of the study support the significance of both direct effects and indirect effects of the four latent factors(perceptions of violence in general, non-assertiveness, prosocial behavioral tendency, school violence experience by peers). The individual prosocial behavioral tendency has a positive mediating effect on the enhancement of individual conscientization toward school violence problems. However, we fail to find the direct positive effect of individual violence experience on the conscientization of school violence problems. In conclusion, a range of practical implications for social workers and other related professionals who are engaged in helping out the adolescents with school violence by peers are suggested based on the study findings.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 2023

The amount of radioactive waste is expected to dramatically increase with decommissioning of nuclear power plants such as Kori-1, the first nuclear power plant in South Korea. Accurate nuclide analysis is necessary to manage the radioactive wastes safely, but research on verification of radionuclide analysis has yet to be well established. This study aimed to develop the technology that can verify the results of radionuclide analysis based on artificial intelligence. In this study, we propose an anomaly detection algorithm for inspecting the analysis error of radionuclide. We used the data from 'Updated Scaling Factors in Low-Level Radwaste' (NP-5077) published by EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute), and resampling was performed using SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique) algorithm to augment data. 149,676 augmented data with SMOTE algorithm was used to train the artificial neural networks (classification and anomaly detection networks). 324 NP-5077 report data verified the performance of networks. The anomaly detection algorithm of radionuclide analysis was divided into two modules that detect a case where radioactive waste was incorrectly classified or discriminate an abnormal data such as loss of data or incorrectly written data. The classification network was constructed using the fully connected layer, and the anomaly detection network was composed of the encoder and decoder. The latter was operated by loading the latent vector from the end layer of the classification network. This study conducted exploratory data analysis (i.e., statistics, histogram, correlation, covariance, PCA, k-mean clustering, DBSCAN). As a result of analyzing the data, it is complicated to distinguish the type of radioactive waste because data distribution overlapped each other. In spite of these complexities, our algorithm based on deep learning can distinguish abnormal data from normal data. Radionuclide analysis was verified using our anomaly detection algorithm, and meaningful results were obtained.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.23-63
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop and verify the Relational Self Scale(RSS). Based on the theoretical assumptions which relational self is multi-dimensional and constructed in social contexts, 10 categories with 102 items were yielded. In the process of content analysis, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis by administering 102 items to korean adults, 31 items with 7 factors are extracted. The 7 factors are consisted of 'avoidance of relation', 'consciousness of others', 'agency', 'instrumental relation', 'empathy-care', 'perceived support from relation' and 'over-dependency to relation'. Next, Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with 649 korean adults aged from 20's to 60's. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed the RSS as a valid scale. The 7 factors of the RSS fitted well with men and women. The internal consistency of the RSS was proved to be acceptable. The latent mean analysis indicated that the relational self was not significantly different between men and women at 7 factors. Correlation analysis showed that the construct of relational self was significantly related to relational self-construal, self-esteem and attachment to parent and intimacy person. This study has implication in that relational self is defined and assessed as multi-dimensional construct, and that by administering RSS it is possible to evaluate distinctive korean people's relational self.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.211-221
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• 2014

The study aims to estimate the determinants of policyholder's trust for the Chinese insurance industry by structural equation model. In particular, differences in determinants of trust among Chinese life insurance and auto insurance were derived from the latent mean and multi group analysis. The result shows the most effective determinants of trust were honesty, followed by credibility which shows the compensation ability of insurance company. However, benevolence is not influence statistically on the determinants of trust of both life insurance and auto insurance. Moreover, the policyholder's trust for the insurance industry was later extended to relationship commitment such as renewal and recommendation intentions. Especially, the linkage between the level of trust and relationship commitment was the strongest in life insurance than auto insurance. Even though the result is differ based on types of insurance, in order for the insurance industry to grow stably it is importance to get trust from policyholder.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.48
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• pp.257-279
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• 2009

The purpose of the current study is to examine the structural relationship between communication competence and self-presentation through motivational perspectives. The present study hypothesized structural model to examine the effects of autonomy, relatedness, and life satisfaction along with communication competence on the self-presentation. We investigated how these effects were influenced by differences in the structural relationships of males and females. The data with the sample of 361 college students adequately fit to the hypothesized model. Through latent mean analysis, gender differences of the constructs were examined. The female students appeared to have higher levels of relatedness than the male students. The results showed that autonomy and relatedness are important factors to self-presentation mediating communication competence.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 2010

The importance of communication which is oriented to interaction, fusion and connection is more increased in the post-information society. The information environment is already realized as interface to reach immediately and freely to the databased information and knowledge. The contemporary libraries execute very important roles as an intellectual infra of modern times to deliver the great human achievement and create new culture. In the mean time, the rapid information-oriented society and the development of digital technology bring out big change in the traditional dispatch and receipt method of information. For this reason, libraries as the community space of visitors integrates physical space - electronic space and reconstructs new temporary culture and value to build the new interface that connects human to human, human to space and human to information. On the premise of these awareness, this study analysis the creative interface factor of Tama Art University New Libraries in Ito Toyo in order to research the function and the application method of modern libraries. And the results are follows. 1)We can make sure the significance of communication and the integration consciousness between digital technology and analogue sensitivity that is the characteristic of the post-information society. 2)We can classify for the creative interface factors by the character as space factor(Arcade, Gallery, Lounge, AV Booth, Cafe), facility/equipment factor(Laboratory, Media, Bar, Info Shelf, Media Seat) and furniture factor(Carrel, Desk, Mag Table, XI Shelf). 3)We can see that these interface factors change the stream of library users and that the library is constructed for library users to create and discovery something easily from books and modern technologies. And we can realize also that these factors are creative installation to lead out naturally the latent liberty sense of users.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.185-197
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• 2021

This study examined the impact of job demand and organizational culture on new task difficulties, burnout, and job satisfaction using a survey data of 145 family specialists in Healthy Family and Multicultural Family Support during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the job demand-resources model and the competing values model to categorize the four dimensions of organizational culture as a conceptual framework for this study. We found that the mean of work overload was higher than the means of job conflict and job ambiguity. Our latent profile analysis proposed four profiles of organizational culture: cultural absence type, authoritative culture type, middle cultural balance type, and high cultural balance type. The results of multiple regression analyses showed that work overload was positively associated with difficulties in new task performance and burnout, job ambiguity was positively related to burnout, and job conflict and ambiguity were negatively related to job satisfaction. These findings imply that the higher the job demands reported by family specialists, the higher the level of burnout and the lower the job satisfaction. In addition, organizational culture was a unique predictor of burnout and lower level of job satisfaction. Family specialists in the groups with a high cultural balance were Family specialists in the groups with a high cultural balance were more likely to have lower levels of burnout than those in the culture absence and in the middle culture balance, and higher job satisfaction than the other groups. The results suggest that management strategies to build a creative workplace culture can prevent burnout and improve job satisfaction.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.765-774
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTİVES: It is important to determine Dysfunctional eating behaviors such as dietary restraint and overeating tendencies in order to provide weight management and acquire the right habits in children. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire Children (DEBQ-C) with Turkish preadolescent children. MATERIALS/METHODS: This research included 440 preadolescents (9.3 ± 6.9 years and 235 girls, 205 boys). The instrument is divided into three subscales, each with 20 items. Emotional eating, restrained eating, and external eating are the three subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess the construct validity of the Turkish version of the DEBQ-C, and Cronbach α values were computed to evaluate the subscale reliabilities. There were 20 observable variables and three latent variables in the hypothesized model. RESULTS: Fit indices for the hypothesized model were good (×2/degree of freedom = 1.96; root mean square error of approximation = 0.05; comparative fit index = 0.95; goodness of fit index = 0.93). These findings revealed that the Turkish version of the DEBQ-C has a factor structure that was identical to the three-factor structure of the original scale. The Turkish version of the DEBQ-C subscales has internal consistency coefficients ranging from 0.72 (external eating) to 0.86. (emotional eating). CONCLUSIONS: The DEBQ-C Turkish version is a viable and reliable tool for measuring overeating tendencies in Turkish preadolescents, according to the findings.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.148-156
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• 2024

Objectives: Understanding patterns of quality of life in people who inject drugs (PWID) can help healthcare providers plan and manage their health problems in a more focused manner. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify patterns of health-related quality of life in PWID in southeast Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in southeast Iran on men who had injected drugs at least once during the last year. We used convenience sampling in 2 drop-in centers and venue-based sampling at 85 venues. Demographic characteristics, high-risk behaviors, and health-related quality of life were evaluated using the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Latent profile analysis was used to identify patterns of quality of life. Results: This study enrolled 398 PWID, who had a mean age of 34.1±11.4 years. About 47.9% reported a prison history in the last 10 years, 59.2% had injected drugs in the last month, and 31.6% had a history of sharing syringes. About 46.3% reported having 2 or more sexual partners in the last 6 months, and 14.7% had a history of sex with men. Out of the 5 EQ-5D-5L profiles, the fifth profile had the most people (36.6%). Most variations in quality of life were related to pain and discomfort. Conclusions: We showed that the pain and discomfort dimension of EQ-5D-5L had more variation in PWID. This finding will be useful for allocating appropriate interventions and resources to promote health-related quality of life in this population.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.169-179
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• 2014

Monthly mean surface heat fluxes in the southeastern Yellow Sea are calculated using directly observed airsea variables from an ocean buoy station including short- and longwave radiations, and COARE 3.0 bulk flux algorithm. The calculated monthly mean heat fluxes are then compared with previous estimates of climatological monthly mean surface heat fluxes near the buoy location. Sea surface receives heat through net shortwave radiation ($Q_i$) and loses heat as net longwave radiation ($Q_b$), sensible heat flux ($Q_h$), and latent heat flux ($Q_e$). $Q_e$ is the largest contribution to the total heat loss of about 51 %, and $Q_b$ and $Q_h$ account for 34% and 15% of the total heat loss, respectively. Net heat flux ($Q_n$) shows maximum in May ($191.4W/m^2$) when $Q_i$ shows its annual maximum, and minimum in December ($-264.9W/m^2$) when the heat loss terms show their annual minimum values. Annual mean $Q_n$ is estimated to be $1.9W/m^2$, which is negligibly small considering instrument errors (maximum of ${\pm}19.7W/m^2$). In the previous estimates, summertime incoming radiations ($Q_i$) are underestimated by about $10{\sim}40W/m^2$, and wintertime heat losses due to $Q_e$ and $Q_h$ are overestimated by about $50W/m^2$ and $30{\sim}70W/m^2$, respectively. Consequently, as compared to $Q_n$ from the present study, the amount of net heat gain during the period of net oceanic heat gain between April and August is underestimated, while the ocean's net heat loss in winter is overestimated in other studies. The difference in $Q_n$ is as large as $70{\sim}130W/m^2$ in December and January. Analysis of long-term reanalysis product (MERRA) indicates that the difference in the monthly mean heat fluxes between the present and previous studies is not due to the temporal variability of fluxes but due to inaccurate data used for the calculation of the heat fluxes. This study suggests that caution should be exercised in using the climatological monthly mean surface heat fluxes documented previously for various research and numerical modeling purposes.