• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.7033-7037
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study was to provide an assessment of the incidence of cancer of the larynx in Kazakhstan with especial attention to ethnicity and gender, as well as age. The retrospective design covered all new cases of laryngeal cancer in 11 years (1999-2009). The total number was 4,967 cases, 4,535 (91.3%) in males and 432 (8.7%) in women, with a gender ratio of 10.5:1. Patients of Kazakh (31.2%) and Russian (51.4%) ethnicity accounted for the vast majority (82.6%), with Russians predominating in both sexes, but particularly in females. Age peak in Kazakhs was 70 years and older ($14.6{\pm}0.70/0000$), and in Russians was 60-69 years ($21.6{\pm}1.30/0000$). In the dynamics, the rates had the tendency to decrease more markedly in Russian than Kazakh men, especially in the younger groups, while increase was noted in the youngest females of both ethnicities, but again greater in Russians, presumably reflecting change in underlying lifestyle factors.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.146-148
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• 2006

Spasmodic dysphonia is a voice disorder characterized by involuntary voice breaks during speech. Adductor spasmodic dysphonia is most common and characterized by strained and strangled voice breaks. The current standard of treatment of therapy for adductor spasmodic dysphonia is chemodenervation of thyroarytenoid muscle with botulinum toxin(Botox). However, Botox is a temporary treatment with each injection lasting approximately 3 months on average and require repeated injections. In this study, we report our experience with surgical treatment for adductor spasmodic dysphonia. In this procedure, the thyroarytenoid branch and lateral cricoarytenoid branch of recurrent laryngeal nerve is selectively denervated unilaterally, and its distal nerve stump of thyroarytenoid branch is reinnervated with branch of the usa cervicalis nerve. And lateral cricoarytenoid muscle partial myotomy was done unilaterally. After 6 months of treatment, voice fluency had improved and no period of breathiness or dysphagia was noted.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.96-98
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• 2014

Injection laryngoplasty is simple and useful procedure in patient with vocal cord paralysis even under local anesthesia. For approaching vocal cord level, flexibility of neck mobility is required to operate injection laryngoplasty but it is relatively difficult to approach vocal cord in patient who has cervical fixations. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) can be helpful:We use a LMA (I-gel$^{TM}$) during intubation without neck extension on flat supine position under general anesthesia and have a good operation filed. LMA with swivel connector give surgeons better surgical vision and make insertion of fibroscope easily during operation. Hyaluronic acid injection was done use needle (25 G, 5 cm) via percutaneous cricothyroid space : This procedure can be useful method for patients who suffer from not only weak voice but also dysphagia and aspiration high vagal palsy patient after spine surgery or uncooperative with awake injection laryngoplasty.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2010

Mild vocal fold hypomobility is a common finding of which clinical significance is incompletely understood. Recently, electrophysiologic investigations have shown that vocal fold hypomobility is a continuum of neurogenic dysfunction ; partial denervation (paresis), complete denervation (paralysis), and variable degrees and patterns of reinnervation. Despite a sound pathophysiological basis for its existence, interest in and acceptance of the diagnosis of vocal fold paresis is relatively recent. Vocal fold paresis may be a relatively common and often overlooked condition that can be difficult to diagnose since laryngoscopy does not reliably distinguish innocent laryngeal asymmetry from hypomobility caused by paresis. Although not entirely free from error, laryngeal electromyography seems to hold more promise as a means of reliable diagnosis than laryngoscopy, and should be employed systematically in the evaluation of suspected paresis. The means to help most patients with paresis already exists in the repertoire of interventions developed to treat paralysis. However, since the vocal fold retains substantial movement, more conservative treatment strategy is recommended as a first line of treatment. The authors reviewed the representative reports of vocal fold paresis and summarized the controversies and consensus regarding the vocal fold paresis.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1977년도 제11차 학술대회연제 순서 및 초록
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• pp.10.2-10
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• 1977

갑상연골 절개술은 후두 병변이 있을 때 시행하는 수술방식으로 가장 유용한 방법이다. 그러나 후두진성대의 전반부에 수술후에 생기는 web formation은 가장 골치 아픈 속발증이다. Hayashi 씨의 hemithyrotomy는 web formation은 일으키지 않으나 후두강내의 노출이 너무 협소하여 수술조작이 매우 어렵다. Huet나 Thomson의 extended thyrotomy는 갑상연골 전하방을 제거하기 때문에 ordinary thyrotomy 보다는 훨씬 좋은 수술시야를 얻을 수 있다. 이러한 갑상연골 제거로 후두기능에는 아무런 지장을 주지 않으나 언제나 후두전반부에 laryngeal web를 남긴다. 갑상연골 부분절개술은 두 가지 원칙하에서 고안되었는데 첫째, web-formation을 없애기 위해서 후두전반부에 손상을 주지 않고 둘째, 갑상연골의 전하반부위를 수술시야의 확대목적으로 제거한다. 저자는 1976년 6월 3일 성문하 유두종을 광호식 수술방법을 처음으로 시도하여 성공시켰기에 보고한다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2001

Background and Objectives : Nitric oxide(NO) is a short-lived molecule with messenger and cytotoxic functions in nervous, cardiovascular, and immune systems. Among the three distinct NOS isoforms, the neuronal isoform is expressed in small, discrete neuronal populations of CNS and PNS. Axonal injury in adult animals results in a dramatic NOS up-regulation in many types of central and peripheral neurons which normally lack the enzyme or express it only at very low levels. In previous study, we confirmed the efficacy of PEMS on the early functional recovery in rats with surgically transected and reanastomosed recurrent laryngeal nerve. Therefore, after we obtained functionally recovered rats using PEMS in this study, we studied to evaluate the expression of nNOS through the analysis of the difference between functional recovery group and non-recovery group in the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Materials and Method : Using 84 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, transections and primary anastomosis were performed on their left recurrent laryngeal nerves. Rats were then randomly assigned to 2 groups. The rats in group A(n=42) received PEMS by placing them in custom cages equipped with Helm-holz coils(3 hr/day, 5 days/wk, for 12 wk). The rats in group B(n=42) were handled the same way as the group A, except that they did not receive PEMS. Laryngovideoendoscopy was performed before and after surgery and followed up weekly. Laryngeal EMG was obtained in both PCA and TA muscles. Immunohistochemisty staining using monoclonal anti-neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) antibody was performed to detect nNOS in recurrent laryngeal nerve and nodose ganglion. Results : 20 rats(63%) in group A and 5 rats(17%) in the group B showed recovery of vocal fo1d motion. The number of NOS-positive cells was increased in functionally-recovered rats. NOS-staining intensity was reduced 12 weeks after nerve injury. The difference between PEMS group and non-stimulated group was not found. Conclusion : This study shows that nNOS may exert a beneficial effect on nerve regeneration and functional repair.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2001

Background and Objectives : Signal traduction through phospholipase C(PLC) participate in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. Growth factors bind to their receptors and thereby induce tyrosine phophorylation of the phospholipase C-${\gamma}$1(PLC-${\gamma}$1). PLC-${\gamma}$1 is a substrate for several receptor tyrosine kinases and its catalytic activity is increased by tyrosine phosphorylation. Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation of PLC-${\gamma}$1 stimulates PLC activation and cell proliferation. However the signal transduction pathway and the significance of PLC in injured recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration is unknown. Therefore after we obtained fuctionally recovered rats using PEMF in this study, we attempt to provide some evidence that PLC plays a role in nerve regeneration itself and regeneration related to PEMF through the analysis of the difference between fucntional recovery group and non-recovery group in the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Materials and Method : Using 32 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, transections and primary anastomosis were performed on their left recurrent laryngeal nerves. Rats were then randomly assigned to 2 groups. The experimental group(n=16) received PEMS by placing them in custom cages equipped with Helm-holz coils(3hr/day, 5days/wk, for 12wk). The control group(n=16) were handled the same way as the experimental group, except that they did not receive PEMS. Laryngo-videoendoscopy was performed before and after surgery and followed up weekly. Laryngeal EMG was obtained in both PCA and TA muscles. Immunohistochemisty staining and Western blotting analysis using monoclonal antibody was performed to detect PLC-${\gamma}$1 in recurrent laryngeal nerve and nodose ganglion. Results : 10 rats(71%) in experimental group and 4 rats(38%) in the control group showed recovery of vocal fold motion. Functionally-recoverd rats show PLC-${\gamma}$1 positive cells in neuron and ganglion cells after 12 weeks from nerve injury. Conclusion : This study shows that PLC1-${\gamma}$ involved in singnal trasduction pathway in functinal recovery of injured recurrent laryngeal nerve and PEMF enhance the functional recovery by effect on this molecule.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1993년도 제27차 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.89-89
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• 1993

후두의 상피세포에서 발생하는 질환중 전암성병변은 이형성(dysplasia)과 상피내암(carcinoma in situ)등이 있으며, 이들은 진행하게되면 침윤성 악성병변으로 전환하게 된다. 따라서 전암성 병변의 정도를 정확히 구분 및 파악함으로써 침윤성 암종으로의 전환여부를 미리 예견한다는 것은 악성 후두질환의 병태파악 및 예방에 중요한 역할을 차지한다. 이에 저자들은 최근 후두경하에 절제생검을 시행한 26례(침윤성 편평상피세포암 14례, 상피증식증 5례, 성대결절 7례)를 대상으로, 22례에서는 생검조직을 touch imprint법으로 도말하여 Feulgen염색한 후 CAS 200 화상분석기로 DNA함량분석을 시행하였고, 전례에 대하여 파라핀 포매조직에서 Ki-67 단크론성 항체(M1B1)를 이용하여 면역효소염색을 시행한 후 화상분석기로 양성표현율을 측정분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) Ki-67 양성표현율은 침윤성 암종에서 31.65$\pm$11.59%, 상피증식증에서는 20.14$\pm$3.38%, 성대결절에서는 11.66$\pm$3.02%이었다. 2) 핵산지수(DNA index)는 침윤성 암종의 경우 비배수성이 10례 중 7례(70%), 상피증식증에서는 5례중 2례(40%), 성대결절에서는 7례 모두 이배수성을 보였다. 3) DNA함량분석에서 5기와 G2/M기를 합한 증식지수(PI)는 침윤성 암종에서 23.42$\pm$11.33%, 상피증식증에서는 13.09$\pm$10.90%, 성대결절에서는 4.50$\pm$1.19%로 침윤성 암종에서 가장 높았다. 이상의 성적에서 성대의 생검조직과 같은 미세조직으로부터도 DNA함량검사와 함께 Ki-67 양성표현율을 측정함으로써 전암성병변의 악성화 가능성 정도를 예견할 수 있었으며, 악성종양 환자의 예후판정에 도움을 얻을 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.141-144
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• 2016

Verruca vulgaris of the larynx (VVL) is an extremely rare disease that can be easily misdiagnosed as papillary keratosis, squamous papilloma or verrucous carcinoma, which would have led to needless operation. We experienced a case of VVL in a 66-year-old man with 1-year history of progressive hoarseness. Whitish lesions in both vocal cords were observed by using indirect laryngoscopy and completely removed via microlaryngeal surgery with $CO_2$ laser.

• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어학회 2016년도 제44차 춘계학술대회
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• pp.49-49
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• 2016