• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2017

This study examined the soundness, vibration, and size of ambulances currently used in Korea as well as the comfort and convenience of ambulancesin Korea. The target vehicles were measured and investigated using the currently used freight type, van type, and Benz ambulance. Currently, the ambulance standards in Korea have only formal production standards, and there is no regulation on safety for ambulances, space regulation for first aid, comfort, and convenience. Therefore, comparative experiments on the comfort and convenience were measured using noise and vibration measurement experiments, and research was conducted on the size and interior rearrangement of ambulances to investigate the areas that can improve the comfort and convenience. The noise measurementsshowed that the noise was large in the order of the van type, Benz type, and freight type. In the case of a speed of 40 km/h or more, the noise measurement result was 60 to 70 dB or more. In the case of vibration, the Benz type and van type ambulance were good, and the vibration of the freight type showed the worst result, highlighting the need for improvement. Lastly, it is not possible to increase the internal size of the structure of domestic ambulance. On the other hand, it is important that through ambulance relocation and the position of first aid personnel, it will be possible to use it more comfortably and conveniently.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.3712-3729
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• 2020

Smoke detection is helpful for early fire detection. With its large coverage area and low cost, vision-based smoke detection technology is the main research direction of outdoor smoke detection. We propose a two-stage smoke detection method combined with block Deep Normalization and Convolutional Neural Network (DNCNN) and visual change image. In the first stage, each suspected smoke region is detected from each frame of the images by using block DNCNN. According to the physical characteristics of smoke diffusion, a concept of visual change image is put forward in this paper, which is constructed by the video motion change state of the suspected smoke regions, and can describe the physical diffusion characteristics of smoke in the time and space domains. In the second stage, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used to classify the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) features of visual change images of the suspected smoke regions, in this way to reduce the false alarm caused by the smoke-like objects such as cloud and fog. Simulation experiments are carried out on two public datasets of smoke. Results show that the accuracy and recall rate of smoke detection are high, and the false alarm rate is much lower than that of other comparison methods.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

The artillery fire accident in Yeonpyeong Island showed that the man-made disaster caused by the domestic political conditions as well as the conventional natural disaster can occur in Korea. Especially, it can be known that the whole community can be abandoned despite of a small scale of practical damage in residential district and the resulting large scale of refugees can be produced in the nation. This study investigated the real condition of temporary housing which has been provided at the Island. Firstly, in the theoretical review based on the literature study, the content on the background of temporary housing, the providing procedure of its concept, the status of supply, etc. has been considered. And it researched the current condition of the entire temporary housing through the questionnaire and interviews targeting the residents in the Island. So it purposed to make use of the results as a plan and design for future temporary housing against disaster.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.68-77
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• 2020

The shipbuilding and offshore industry is a large and complex assembly industry, which causes many safety accidents. The major accidents in the shipbuilding and offshore industry workplaces are stenosis, falling objects, dust, fire, explosions, and gas poisoning. The accident by worker in this industry mainly has three factors: frequent movement, narrow work space, and increased use of subcontractors. To control these factors, it is necessary to monitor the worker's location and work status. In this paper, a worker location monitoring system using inaudible sound wave was designd that can be used in environments with many metal barriers. The process included deriving stakeholder requirements, transforming to system requirements, designing system architecture, and developing prototype. The prototype was validated by third-party testing agency. As a result, it satisfied the designed performance and verified its feasibility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.107-113
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• 2013

The design of rainwater storage system unit to manufacture its reservoir tank was tried, the simulation to predict of their structural strength was carried out. Rainwater storage system unit should be easy to their machinability, transport and assemble. Especially, their structure was able to secure the water storage space, withstand loads and easily response to pollution. Considering these various requirements, they have to Doria-pillar structure of the Roman architectural style because these designs could disperse the loads which are applied to them. Therefore, the six kinds of models possible were proposed. Several boundary conditions were given to each model. Their structural strength was predicted through the simulation on their stress and the displacement distribution to constant load. From the evaluated data, the structure which has a large pillar in the central of unit and four small pillars each corner was the best.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2018

The rural areas are large residential space with fewer people than urban areas. That is why they are vulnerable to social services such as health care and security. This research analyzed the vulnerability of emergency relief service in rural village through text mining and the weighting value have been calculated. Based on the calculated statistics data, the police facilities are the most important, While the fire fighting and hospital facilities are important as well. In addition, the distance from the emergency relief service facility to the rural village was confirmed by using Open API. By combining these results, The vulnerable areas of the rural villages and the emergency relief service facilities were calculated and classified into 5 levels. For rural areas, the 1st class will have 33 places, following by 1,179 in 2nd class, 199 in 3rd class, 17 in 4th class and 8 in 5th class. Hence in order to further supplement the vulnerable areas to emergency relief service in villages, geographical relocation and policy approach of emergency relief service facilities are necessary.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.05b
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• pp.949-952
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• 2010

The utilization of LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is increasing as an environmental-friendly fuel in all countries making green growth new paradigm, and use of gas is spread fast as motor fuels to decrease air pollution. Loss of lives by explosion and fire is happening every year as gas use increases, and gas accident in large scale storage property is causing serious problems socially. To minimize this problem, underground containment type storage tank is being presented as an alternative recently. In this study, to minimize explosion occurrence in underground containment type storage tank, the suitable storage tank is designed to consider explosion prevention that makes exposure surface area minimize in confined contents volume and flame to construct storage tank by the most suitable condition in the underground containment room. As a result of the design of storage tank having the most suitable condition by this research, underground containment space was minimized on diameter 3m, length 4.83m in 20 tons storage tank and its safety was improved as exposure surface area in flame decreased by 89.4%, compared with the existent storage tank.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.287-298
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• 2007

Recently, as the construction of new railway and the relocation of existing line increase, tunnel structures get longer. The railway fire accidents in long tunnel bring large damages of human life and disaster. The interest on safety in long tunnel has been growing and the safety standard for long tunnels is tightening. For that reason, at the planning stage of a long tunnel, the optimum design of safety facility for minimizing the risks and satisfying the safety standard is required. For the reasonable design of a long railway tunnel considering high safety, qualitative estimation for tunnel safely is required. In this study, QRA (Quantitative Risk Analysis) technique is applied to design of a long railway tunnel for assuring the safety function and estimating the risk of safety. The case study for safety design was carried out to verify the QRA technique for two railway tunnels.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

Purpose: Though Korean healthcare services have been upgraded, infection and fire had been broken out in general hospitals. And higher concerns about quality assessment made it to clinical laboratory design guideline studies. So, this study investigates the facilities, equipment and personnel of laboratory medicine focusing on more than five hundred fifty bed hospital, and contributes to make guidelines for safety and efficiency in lab. Methods: Questionnaires to supervisor technologist and field surveys to medical laboratories in korean hospitals have been conducted for the data collection. 16 answers have been analysed statistically by MS Excel program. Results: Most of the sample tests such as hematology, clinical chemistry, immunology, transfusion, urinalysis, microbiology and molecular diagnosis are performed by more than 80% in large sized general hospital laboratory. In the test methods, automatic analyzers are used up to 80%, total laboratory automation up to 43% in clinical chemistry and immunology, and manual tests in all sorts of the test. There are placed in single lab or two and three labs above the ground, which are all in semi-open lab. There is some correlation with the number of specimens and the number of lab people depending on the number of hospital beds. Laboratory environment shows that work distance is good, but evacuation path width, visibility, separation of staff area from automatic analyzer, and equipment installations are needed to have more spaces and gears. Most of the infection controls are equipped with mechanical ventilation, air-conditioning, washbasin and wastewater separation, BSC installation and negative pressure lab room. Implications: Although the laboratory space area is calculated considering the number of hospital beds, type of tests and number of staff, hospital's expertise and the samples numbers per year should be taken into account in the planning of the hospital.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.791-796
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• 2007

As large-scale buildings, skyscrapers, and multi-purpose buildings recently increase in numbers dramatically, the internal space of such buildings becomes more and more large and complicated accordingly. Since such structures usually accommodate a number of random people, the potential possibilities of disastrous tragedies are high, and the rates of injury and physical damage caused by the complicated system of the building also increase as well. However, most of the shelter designs of the existing buildings are based on the specifications according to the assigned laws and involved regulations. In this case, only general criteria are referred to regardless of the characteristics of each structure while other disaster-related features are not taken into consideration sufficiently. Since any actual fire may cause a terrible calamity, in such plans, shelter inducement can be neither safe nor effective. Thus, this study examines and analyzes currently run disaster prevention systems and shelter inducement facilities with COEX Mall as its subject, and analyzes the responding system to each situation based on the fire scenarios by means of As-Is Model. Through this analysis, presented are the measures to solve the problems of current disaster prevention systems and to improve shelter inducement methods effectively.