• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.120-129
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• 2004

This study was carried out to develop new varieties with early maturing and large fruit size in the Korean native dogwood (Cornus kousa) for woody landscape plants from native sites or cultivated area. The results are obtained as follows; We selected strains with early maturing and large fruit. size from the habitats from 2000 to 2003. ‘SKK 2-1’ had 4.0cm of fruit size while 2.0 cm of native variety. In addition, ‘SKK 2-2’, ‘SKK 2-3’, ‘SKK 2-4’, and ‘SKK 2-5’ with large fruit and early maturing were preliminary selected from the habitats. In the preliminary selections, ‘SKK 2-1’ was finally selected as new early maturing variety with large fruits in 2003. New early maturing variety with large fruit size, C. kousa var. ‘SKK 2-1’ was selected from 200 plants of 5-year-old seedlings in C. kousa in 5-12 Nung wean ri Goo sung myun Yong In, Kyung gi do, Korea in 2000. Their fruits were colorized in September 18, 20∼25 days earlier than October 7 of native varieties. Its fruit diameter is larger than 4cm. Its fruit weight was 5 times as heavy as native cultivars grown in Korea. This useful characters were still inherited after grafting. However, characteristics of growth, leaf, flower, and flowering period were not different from those of native varieties. Therefore, it was very promising landscape woody plant, having large fruits in early fall season. The rooting rate of Korean dogwood was high by the IBA treatment. The optimum date for softwood cutting was on June 25 ∼ July 25 when the rooting rate was more than 80%. In addition. Korean dogwood was easily propagated by grafting. Therefore, new early maturing variety with large fruits, C. kousa var. ‘SKK 2-1’ is easily propagated by softwood cutting or grafting and then is a promising cultivar as a woody landscape plant.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2013

Mirror surface machining for large area flattening in the display field has a problem such as a tool wear and a increase in machining time due to large area machining. It should be studied to decrease machining time and tool wear. In this paper, multi-tool machining method using a PCD tool and a SCD tool was applied in order to decrease machining time and tool wear. Machining characteristics (cutting force, machined surface and surface roughness) of PCD tool and SCD tool were evaluated in order to apply PCD tool to flattening machining. Based on basic experiments, the PCD/SCD multi-tool method and the SCD single-tool method were compared through surface roughness and machining time for appllying large area mold machining.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.300-306
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• 2005

This paper presents the methodology for measuring eccentricity of the machined cylindrical part using CCS(cylindrical capacitance spindle sensor) signal in the CNC turning process. We use capacitance type sensor to take full advantage of averaging effect by using large capacitance area to encompass the whole side of a sensor. The intentionally proposed initial eccentricity is applied to the experimental testpieces, and their resultant relationships between CCS orbits and eccentricities are investigated. As a result, the possibility as a automatic detection apparatus for the CNC lathe is considered based on the linearities of CCS signal and magnitude of eccentricity of machined cylindrical surfaces.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 1996

This study was performed to estimate total dust concentrations and particle size distribution of wood dust in the furniture and sawmill industries. To compare total wood dust concentrations, two samplers recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health were used. Concentration data were analyzed by paired-t tests using the SAS program and two parameters of the particle size distributions were determined by histogram. The results were as follows: 1. Particle size distributions showed a unimodal pattern in cutting and a bimodal in sanding operations. Mass median aerodynamic diameters(MMAD) were $17.35{\mu}m$ in cutting, and $1.39{\mu}m$ for small mode and $18.89{\mu}m$ for large mode in sanding operations. The proportions of particle size larger than $9.8{\mu}m$ estimated by the impactor were 61.16 % in cutting and 62.33 % in sanding operations, respectively. 2. The average personal total dust concentrations measured by IPM sampler were $17.12mg/m^3$ (GSD=1.45) from indoor samples, $2.97mg/m^3$(GSD=1.90) from outdoor samples in cutting, and $8.01mg/m^3$(GSD=1.58) from sanding operation. And those of by 37 mm closed-face cassette were $9.12mg/m^3$(GSD=1.46), $1.06mg/m^3$(GSD=1.99) from cutting, and $3.32mg/m^3$(GSD=2.16) from sanding operations. 3. The average area total dust concentrations measured by IPM sampler were $1.88mg/m^3$(GSD=2.04) from indoor cutting, $4.76mg/m^3$(GSD=2.83) from indoor sanding operations. And those of by 37mm closed-face cassette were $0.49mg/m^3$(GSD=2.34) from cutting, and $1.32mg/m^3$(GSD=3.03) from sanding operations. 4. The ratio of personal total dust concentrations measured by 37 mm closed-face cassette to those by IPM sampler were 35.7 %, 53.3 % from cutting, and 41.4 % from sanding operations. 5. The ratio of area total dust concentrations measured by 37 mm closed-face cassette to those by IPM sampler were 26.1 % from cutting, and 27.7 % from sanding operations. 6. A statistically significant difference of total dust concentrations between the 37 mm closed-face cassette and the IPM sampler was found.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2016

Overlap cutting is a fundamental method of applying abrasive water jet (AWJ) machining to milling to produce a wider surface because the nozzle outlet is approximately 1.0 mm wide. In this study, the effects of overlap cutting on the depth profile and surface roughness are investigated. The overlapping area depends on the amount of step over, which is controlled in the pick-feed direction. If the step over is equal to or larger than the diameter of the nozzle, no overlap cut occurs but large cusps remain between the cut paths. A step over as small as one-thirds of the nozzle diameter may lead to triple-overlap cutting resulting in an extraordinary depth. By using pocket milling experiments with a step over of 0.46 (or 0.47), it is verified that AWJ can produce a milled surface of titanium, one of the hard-to-cut materials, with $76{\mu}m$ Ra.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2023

In the past, the efficiency of solar cells had been increased in order to increase the efficiency of solar modules. However, in recent years, in order to increase output in the solar industry and market, the competitiveness of solar cells based on large-area solar cells and multi-bus bar has been increasing. Multi-busbar solar module is a technology to reduce power loss by increasing the number and width of the front busbar of the solar cell and reducing the current value delivered by the busbar by half through half-cutting. In the case of the existing M2 (156.75×156.75 mm²) solar cell, even with a half-cut, power loss could be sufficiently reduced, but as the area of the solar cell is enlarged to more than M6 (166×166 mm²), the need for more divisions emerged. This affected not only solar cells but also inverters required for module array configuration. Therefore, in this study, the electrical characteristics of a large-area solar cell and after division were extracted using Griddler simulation. The output characteristics of the module were predicted by applying the solar cell parameters after division to PSPice, and a guideline for the large-area solar module design was presented according to the number of divisions of the large-area solar cell.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to identify central neural pathway of neurons following the projection to the large intestine and Hapgok(LI4) which is Won acupoint of the large intestine meridian of hand-yangmyeong. In this experiment, Bartha's strain of pseudorabies virus was used to trace central localization of neurons related with large intestine and acupoint(LI4) which has been known to be able to regulate intestinal function. The animals were divided into 3 groups: group 1, injected into the large intestine; group 2, injected into the acupoint(LI4); group 3, injected into the acupoint(LI4) after severing the radial, ulnar, median nerve. After four days survival of rats, PRV labeled neurons were identified in the spinal cord and brain by immunohistochemical method. First-order PRV labeled neurons following the projection to large intestine, acupoint(LI4) and acupoint(LI4) after cutting nerve were found in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral spinal cord. Commonly labeled neurons were labeled in the lumbosacral spinal cord and thoracic spinal cord. They were found in lamina V- X, intermediomedial nucleus and dorsal column area. The area of sensory neurons projecting was L5-S2 spinal ganglia and T12-L1 spinal ganglia, respectively. In the brainstem, the neurons were labeled most evidently and consistently in the nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve, reticular nucleus, raphe nuclei(obscurus, magnus and pallidus), C3 adrenalin cells, parapyramidal area(lateral paragigantocellular nucleus), locus coeruleus, subcoeruleus nucleus, A5 cell group, periaqueductal gray matter. In the diencephalon, PRV labeled neurons were marked mostly in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence. These results suggest that overlapped CNS locations are related with autonomic nuclei which regulate the functions of large intestine-related organs and it was revealed by tracing PRV labeled neurons projecting large intestine and related acupoint(LI4).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 2003

Foehn damage on rice plant is one of the important abiotic stresses in eastern costal area of Korea. To know the relationship between foehn impact and morphological traits of rice, wind tunnel method was used with 106 rice cultivars. Less influencing traits on foehn were short panicle, large panicle number per hill, thin panicle neck, and the flag leaf of narrow, short and thick. Leaf pubescence reduced the impact on foehn. 'Naepungbyeo' belong-ed to foehn tolerant varietal group, while 'Ansanbyeo' belonged to the opposite group. Three levels of root cutting treatment with two rice cultivars were conducted to evaluate the foehn impact using wind tunnel. The severity of wind damages was followed the sigmoidal curve duration of wind tunnel treatment were prolonged. Different responses of root cutting to wind tunnel treatment could be used to evaluate the severity of the foehn impact. 'Naepungbyeo' was one of the less implausible cultivars on foehn. 'Nae-pungbyeo' showed tolerant response to wind under 21% root removing treat-ment (20㎝ root cutting), however 'Ansanbyeo' was wilted under the same treatment. In case of 35 % root removing treatment(10㎝ root cutting), both rice cultivars failed to alive against foehn wind.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.47-60
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• 2014

Urban-Hanok emerged as a result of urbanization of Hanok in the modern period. In particular, Urban-Hanok has been mass-produced from the early 1920s, when the population is concentrated in cities, until the middle. Large-scale development by the professional developer has been developed in large-scale land rather than individual client because housing shortage was serious problem. 11 Gahoe-dong was made in 1935-36 is representative Urban-hanok area of Bukchon. It was formed through division of large-scale Land in 1930's. In the 1930's, the large-scale development projects of Urban-Hanok was triggered by the two events. One is Land Investigation Project performed by the Japanese government to capitalization of property, another is the pro-japanese bought the large scale-land in Gahoe-dong at bargain price from The Japanese government. Each lot has still a topographical characteristics such as land-dividing quality, the way of development, characteristic quality of urban-tissue. 11 Gahoe-dong, Urban-hanok area was developed two ways. First, development have been adapted to the topography. The lots have reflected topographical conditions such as land cutting area, a retaining wall, land-diving was maintaining the original topography almost. Second, it was street oriented development. The lots have developed sequentially along the street. So, the lots's shape and size is different each. For this reason, this area distribute various type of Hanok.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2014

This paper describes a large area CMOS image sensor module Implementation using the precision align inspection program. This work is needed because wafer cutting system does not always have high precision. The program check more than 8 point of sensor edges and align sensors with moving table. The size of a $2{\times}1$ butted CMOS image sensor module which except for the size of PCB is $170mm{\times}170mm$. And the pixel size is $55{\mu}m{\times}55{\mu}m$ and the number of pixels is $3,072{\times}3,072$. The gap between the two CMOS image sensor module was arranged in less than one pixel size.