• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.387-392
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• 2009

As Our society's environmental awareness and concern the significant increases, the importance of the legal system for environmental conservation such as the Prior Environmental Review System, Environmental Impact Assessment is growing increasingly. but, still critical issues are present such as reliability. Though there could be various causes such as the system or procedures etc. Above all, basically the environmental data problem is the critical cause. Therefore, this study was trying to improve the environmental data accuracy using the high-resolution color aerial photography, LiDAR data and Object Oriented Classification method. And in this study, classification based on coverage percentage of a particular species was attempted through the multi-resolution segmentation and multi-level classification method. The classification result was verified by comparison with 11 points local survey data. All 11 points were classified correctly. And even though the exact coverage percentage of the particular species did not be measured, It was confirmed that the species was occupied similar portion. It is important that the environmental data which can be used for the conservation value assessment could be acquired.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.165-180
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• 1997

Mitigation measures in EIS are the important factors in the effectiveness of EIS. This paper analyzed the content of mitigation measures described in the 30 EISs selected, using 7 analysis items in order to discover the degree of effectiveness of mitigation measures. 30 EISs used in this study were selected through variance maximization strategy, and the 7 analysis items were; 1) thoroughness of mitigation content, 2) quantification of mitigation content, 3) explicit description of mitigation effect, 4) likelihood of mitigation effect, 5) impacted area of mitigation effect, 6) time frame of mitigation effect, and 7) environmental impact of mitigation measures. The results showed that the effectiveness of mitigation measures in the analyzed EISs was relatively low both in the appropriateness and in the specificity. It was suggested that in order to improve the appropriateness of EIS as a decision making tool, the effect of mitigation measures, as well as the mitigation measures themselves, should be studied and described more thoroughly and specifically.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1996

This paper examined public participation in the final Environmental Impact Statement(EIS) in terms of institutional procedures and content analysis. By reviewing EIS Draft Manual and related laws and regulations, seven problems were identified in the system. The content of public participation in 14 EISs were analyzed by a developed protocol, most results of which were similar to the identified seven problems. In conclusion, this paper suggested that the systematic problems should be improved to activate more efficient public participation.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1993

Promulgation of the Environment Preservation Act of 1977 has tried to conserve the environment encroached by the development projects. Since 1983, this act has included tourism development in EIA project and public participation as a part of EIA process since 1991. Still, there are many problems in applying the gathered opinions of local residents in such development plans. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new system in whole project process as well as EIA to reflect these opinions. This study aims to investigate the problems in the process of the public participation and to suggest more effective solutions from the developer's point of view. Studies include theories of public participation developed in the planning process and the opinion survey of developers.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 1997

현재 한라산 국립공원의 경관과 생태계를 보전하기 위하여 관리계획을 수립하고 있다. 국립공원 관리자와 지역주민들은 한라산 경관에 미치는 관리시책의 시각적 영향에 관심이 많다 계획과정에서 가장 중요한 측면의 하나는 제안된 관리시책의 수용여부를 판단할 수 있도록 관리시책의 영향을 정확하게 예측, 평가하는 것이다. 그러므로 국립공원 관리자나 일반대중이 국립공원관리시책의 경관영향을 예측, 평가할 수 있는 간편한 기법과 방법이 필요하다. 제안된 관리시책의 시각적 영향을 CCG 포토몽타쥬 기법에 의해 작성한 합성사진에 나타냈고 설문응답자들은 이 합성사진들을 7점 SD 척도로 평가했다. 이 연구를 통하여 CCG 포토몽타쥬 기법의 실용성, 훼손지 복구의 필요성, 제안된 복구시책의 타당성 등이 파악되었다. 이 연구에서 사용된 경관예측기법과 연구결과는 관리계획을 수립하고 그 계획과정에 주민을 참여시키는데 도움을 줄 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2002

When we research a landscape or make a Landscape Impact Assessment, we use the image of a specific season like summer or fall. Since there are four distinct seasons, each with a different landscape, researchers need to understand viewers′visual preferences for individual seasonal landscapes. The purpose of this study is to investigate viewers′visual preferences according to seasonal change and the respondent′s age, gender and profession. In this research, the independent variable is season: suing, summer, fall, winter and snowy winter. Three landscape types used in the experiment: forest, street and agriculture. Each landscape type has two sites for reliability. The assessment media for this research are pictures featuring landscapes taken in each of the four seasons. The study used the "paired comparison" method for taking the score of visual preference. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The summer landscape has the highest visual preference score. However, spring and fall landscapes should also be considered for visual landscape evaluation. 2. The visual preference of winter landscape covered with snow is very high, but since snow is temporal and irregular, it is difficult to consider this factor for visual landscape evaluation. 3. The visual preference score of winter is the lowest of four seasons. The attractive factors of spring are flowers, summer is greenery and fall is autumnal tints. But these are not present in winter. 4. The result of visual preferences according to age groups, gender and profession have no serious differences. 5. Visual preference to scenery of 4 seasons by age group was not different from general preference and thus was concluded to have no connection with age. 6. As a result from the research of visual preference to scenery of 4 seasons by sex, women were shown to like snow-scene more than men. This study presents an indication of general preferences of seasonal landscapes. It is expected that more advanced study will proceed after this one.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.57-67
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• 1994

The National Park should be preserved as described in the regulation. However, the development has resulted in degrading the environment in the park. Especially, the collective facility area has been developed for the commercial benefit rather than for the preservation. So, it is necessary to figure out the impact of the development plan proposed. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the hydrologic effects due to the collective facility area development in the National Park. The study site is the second collective facility area of Mt. Kyeryong National Park. The analysis of hydrologic effects due to the development has been carried out using the GIS in this study. The Rational Method and Soil Conservation Service(SCS) were used to estimate the runoff volume. During this procedure, GIS software, ARC/INFO was used to integrate, manipulate, and calculate the attribute value of a number of ploygons which represen each land use characteristic. A program was written to compute the attribute value of each polygon and to estimate the difference of peaktime runoff volume before and after development.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.885-892
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• 2011

In this study, LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) on 'Saemangum CSO Project' was carried out to evaluate environmental impact which occurred during the construction and operation periods and the potential environmental impact reduction was analyzed by comparing production and reduction level of pollution loads. LCA was conducted out according to the procedure of ISO14040 which suggested Goal and Scope Definition, Life Cycle Inventory Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Interpretation. In the Goal and Scope Definition, the functional unit was 1 m3 of CSO, the system boundary was construction and operation phases, and the operation period was 20 years. For the data collection and inventory analysis, input energies and materials from civil, architecture, mechanical and electric fields are collected from design sheet but the landscape architecture field is excepted. LCIA(Life Cycle Impact Assessment) was performed following the procedure of Eco-Labelling Type III under 6 categories which were resource depletion, eutrophication, global warming, ozone-layer destruction, and photochemical oxide formation. In the result of LCA, 83.4% of environmental impact occurred in the construction phase and 16.6% in the operation phase. Especially 78% of environmental impact occurred in civil works. The Global warming category showed the highest contribution level in the environmental impact categories. For the analysis on potential environmental impact reduction, the reduction and increased of environmental impact which occurred on construction and operation phases were compared. In the case of considering only the operation phase, the result of the comparison showed that 78% of environmental impact is reduced. On the other hand, when considering both the construction and operation phases, 50% of environmental impact is increase. Therefore, this study showed that eco-friendly material and construction method should be used for reduction of environmental impact during life cycle, and it is strongly necessary to develop technology and skills to reduce environmental impact such as renewable energies.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.313-324
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to present the raw data for establishing the plan of top soil conservation in soil environment and preventing the soil loss by establishing the potential amount of soil loss using RUSLE. The results are as follows. To apply the RUSLE model, we calculated the potential amount of soil loss by using 5 factors; rainfall erosion factor(R), topographical factor(LS), soil erosion factor(K), land cover factor(C) and erosion control factor(P). The assessment map of soil loss was drawn up by classifying 5 grades. According to the soil loss estimation by the RUSLE, it showed that approximately 83.9% of the study area had relatively lower possibility of soil loss which was the 1 ton/ha in annual soil loss. Whereas, the 7.0% of the study area was defined as high risk area which was the 10 ton/ha in annual. Therefore, this area was needed that there was environment-friendly construction of farm land, improvement of cultivation environment and so forth. In future, if we will analyze the amount of soil loss of Gyeongju national park and Hyeongsan river watershed, we will offer the help to establishing the conservation plan of soil environment in Gyeongsangbuk-do.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2005

This study was carried out to offer the basic methodology of the system and model to objectively assess the natural ecosystem for environmentally friendly land conservation and present the alternative plan on establishing the environmental policy. The results of this study were as follows. We selected four assessment factors associated with biotic, abiotic, qualitative, and functional factors. Also, there were extracted fifty-six indicators including density, total nitrogen, hemeroby degree, and goods production. The assessment factor showed that biotic one was very important. The importance of indicators were analyzed that rare and endangered plant was important in biotic factor, in case of abiotic, qualitative, and functional factors, organic matter, landscape diversity, and conservation of ecosystem were greatly important. The results of factor analysis on the characteristics of indicators, classified biotic factor into six factors including a structural one, abiotic factor as a soil and physical one, qualitative factor as five ones including hierarchical one, and functional factor as public and conservational one. In the results of analysis on assessment model, R-square of biotic factor was 51.7%, those of abiotic, qualitative, and functional one were each 58.4%, 44.2%, and 39.3%, and statistical problem was no existence. In future, to develop the assessement model and methodology of sustainable natural ecosystem, we will have to achieve the integrated model and grouping by assessment factor.