• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2021년도 학술발표회
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• pp.153-153
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• 2021

Storm Storm event is one of major issues in South Korea due to devastating damage at its landfall. A series of statistical study on the historical typhoon records consistently insist that the typhoon translation speed (TS) is on slowdown trend annually, and thus provides an urgent topic in assessing the extreme storm surge under future climate change. Even though TS has been regarded as a principal contributor in storm surge dynamics, only a few studies have considered its impact on the storm surge. The landfall angle (LA), another key physical factor of storm surge also needs to be further investigated along with TS. This study aims to elucidate the interaction mechanism among TS, LA, coastal geometry, and storm surge synthetically by performing a series of simulations on the idealized geometries using Delft3D FM. In the simulation, various typhoons are set up according to different combinations of TS and LA, while their trajectories are assumed to be straight with the constant wind speed and the central pressure. Then, typhoons are subjected to make landfall over a set of idealized geometries that have different depth profiles and layouts (i.e., open coasts or bays). The simulation results show that: (i) For the open coasts, the maximum surge height (MSH) increases with increasing TS. (ii) For the constant bed level, a typhoon normal to the coastline resulted in peak MSH due to the lowest effect of the coastal wave. (iii) For the continental shelf with different widths, the slow-moving typhoon will generate the peak MSH around a small LA as the shelf width becomes narrow. (iv) For the bay, MSH enlarges with the ratio of L/E (the length of main-bay axis /gate size) dropping, while the greatest MSH is at L/E=1. These findings suggest that a fast-moving typhoon perpendicular to the coastline over a broad continental shelf will likely generate the extreme storm surge hazard in the future, as well as the slow-moving typhoon will make an acute landfall over a narrow continental shelf.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.315-329
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• 2023

We investigated the wind characteristics in the near-surface layer during the landfall of Typhoon Mujigae (2015) based on observations from wind towers in the coastal areas of Guandong province. Typhoon Mujigae made landfall in this region from 01:00 UTC to 10:00 UTC on October 4, 2015. In the region influenced by the eyewall of the tropical cyclone, the horizontal wind speed was characterized by a double peak, the wind direction changed by >180°, the vertical wind speed increased by three to four times, and the angle of attack increased significantly to a maximum of 7°, exceeding the recommended values in current design criteria. The vertical wind profile may not conform to a power law distribution in the near-surface layer in the region impacted by the eyewall and spiral rainband. The gust factors were relatively dispersed when the horizontal wind speed was small and tended to a smaller value and became more stable with an increase in the horizontal wind speed. The variation in the gust factors was the combined result of the height, wind direction, and circulation systems of the tropical cyclone. The turbulence intensity and the downwind turbulence energy spectrum both increased notably in the eyewall and spiral rainband and no longer satisfied the assumption of isotropy in the inertial subrange and the -5/3 law. This result was more significant in the eyewall area than in the spiral rainband. These results provide a reference for forecasting tropical cyclones, wind-resistant design, and hazard prevention in coastal areas of China to reduce the damage caused by high winds induced by tropical cyclones.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.421-441
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• 2014

With the assistance of typhoon field data at aerial elevation level observed by meteorological satellites and wind velocity and direction records nearby the ground gathered in Guangzhou Weather Station between 1985 and 2001, some key wind field parameters under typhoon climate in Guangzhou region were calibrated based on Monte-Carlo stochastic algorithm and Meng's typhoon numerical model. By using Peak Over Threshold method (POT) and Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD), Wind field characteristics during typhoons for various return periods in several typical engineering fields were predicted, showing that some distribution rules in relation to gradient height of atmosphere boundary layer, power-law component of wind profile, gust factor and extreme wind velocity at 1-3s time interval are obviously different from corresponding items in Chinese wind load Codes. In order to evaluate the influence of typhoon field parameters on long-span flexible bridges, 1:100 reduced-scale wind field of type B terrain was reillustrated under typhoon and normal conditions utilizing passive turbulence generators in TJ-3 wind tunnel, and wind-induced performance tests of aero-elastic model of long-span Guangzhou Xinguang arch bridge were carried out as well. Furthermore, aerodynamic admittance function about lattice cross section in mid-span arch lib under the condition of higher turbulence intensity of typhoon field was identified via using high-frequency force-measured balance. Based on identified aerodynamic admittance expressions, Wind-induced stochastic vibration of Xinguang arch bridge under typhoon and normal climates was calculated and compared, considering structural geometrical non-linearity, stochastic wind attack angle effects, etc. Thus, the aerodynamic response characteristics under typhoon and normal conditions can be illustrated and checked, which are of satisfactory response results for different oncoming wind velocities with resemblance to those wind tunnel testing data under the two types of climate modes.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.241-252
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• 2019

폭풍으로 인한 연안재해 피해에 대한 적절한 대응책을 수립하기 위해서는 빈도 해일고 산정에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 과거에 관측된 태풍은 모집단 수가 적기 때문에 tropical cyclone risk model(TCRM)을 이용해 역사태풍의 이동경로와 중심기압을 확률밀도함수로 추정하여 확률적으로 발생하는 176,689개의 합성태풍을 생성하였다. 아울러 중국 남동부 연안으로 상륙한 후 재부상 하거나 소멸되는 태풍 특성을 합성태풍에 고려하기 위해 역사태풍의 이동각도를 확률밀도함수로 추정하고 감쇠 매개변수와 함께 적용하여 중국 남동부 연안에서 서남해안으로 이동하는 태풍의 통과율이 개선되었다. 태풍속성은 역사태풍으로부터 분석하였으며 중심기압과 최대풍속($V_{max}$), 최대풍속 반경($R_{max}$)의 상관관계식을 산정하여 합성태풍에 적용하였다. 해일고는 ADCIRC 모형을 이용해 조석과 합성태풍을 고려하여 산정하였으며 Perl script로 자동화하였다. 확률적으로 발생시킨 합성태풍에 의한 해일고는 실제 자연현상에서 발생하는 해일고와 유사하게 나타나기 때문에 빈도 해일고를 산정할 수 있다. 따라서 일반화된 극치분포(Generalized Extreme Value, GEV)의 모수를 추정하여 극치 해일고를 산정하였으며, 100년 빈도 해일고는 경험모의기법으로 산정한 빈도 해일고와 비교하여 만족스러운 결과가 도출되었다. 본 연구에서 제안한 방법은 일반 해역에서 빈도 해일고 산정시 활용될 수 있다.