• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.19-26
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• 1986

The degree of air pollution is usually presented in terms of concentration. But, in evaluating the environmental impacts or air pollution control policies, the concentration values need to be interpreted in terms of damage effects on property and human health. The damage effect varies with the types of pollution, subjects and land use pattern of an affected area. Therefore, this study is aimed at developing a method of analyzing effects of various types of air pollutions on surrounding environmental setting with the EIMS (Environmental Information Management System) developed for land suitability analysis. Using the method formulated in this study, the long- term effects of such pollutants as $SO_2$ and HF on types of vegetation and residents, and potential, short-term effects of HCl leak accidents from manufacturing facilities in Ulsan and Onsan Industrial complex are analyzed. The presentation of the damage effects of air pollution rather than the concentration of pollutants will be useful for the preparation of environmental impact statements, the formulation of environmental policies, and the development of land use plans in heavily industrialized areas.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.131-136
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• 1999

Aerial videography techniques have been used to inventory conditions associated with grassland, forests, and agricultural crop production. Most recently, aerial videography has been used to verity satellite image classifications as part of the natural ecosystem survey. The objectives of this study were: (1) to use aerial video images of the study area, one part of Taean Seashore National Park, for the accuracy assessment, and (2) to determine the suitability of aerial videography as an accuracy assessment, of the land cover classification with Landsat-TM data. Video images were collected twice, summer and winter seasons, and divided into two kinds of images, wide angle and narrow angle images. Accuracy assessment methods include the calculation of the error matrix, the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of agreement. This study indicates that aerial videography is an effective tool for accuracy assessment of the satellite image classifications of which features are relatively large and continuous. And it would be possible to overcome the limits of the present natural ecosystem survey method.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.123-141
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• 2017

본 연구는 대구시를 사례로 셀룰라 오토마타-마르코프(Cellular Automata: CA-Markov) 모형을 활용하여 개발제한구역 유지 및 해제 시나리오별 2020년의 녹지를 예측하고, 토지피복 변화탐지기법 및 공간메트릭스를 이용하여 2009년과 2020년간 녹지의 공간적 변화를 분석하였다. 먼저, 마르코프 체인(Markov chain) 모형을 이용하여 1998년과 2009년의 환경부 토지피복도에 기초한 토지피복변화의 전이확률을 도출하였다. 마르코프 전이확률을 보다 현실에 가깝게 보정하기 위하여 대구시 녹지의 공간적 변화에 영향을 주는 제약요인을 선정하여 다기준 평가(Multi-Criteria Evaluation: MCE)를 통해 적합성 지도(suitability map)를 제작하였다. 최종적으로 마르코프 전이확률과 적합성 지도를 셀룰라 오토마타 모형과 결합한 CA-Markov 모형을 적용하여 개발제한구역의 해제 유무에 따른 두 가지 시나리오에 기반을 두고 2020년의 토지피복을 예측하였다. 모형의 타당성은 2009년의 예측된 토지피복도와 2009년의 실제 토지피복도를 비교하여 산출된 Kappa 계수로 검증하였다. 예측된 토지피복 가운데 녹지만을 대상으로 녹지피복변화를 탐지하고 이동창 샘플링을 적용한 공간메트릭스를 산출하여 2009년과 2020년간 녹지의 공간적 변화를 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, 현재의 도시화 추세가 지속되고 개발제한구역이 유지되는 경우, 달성군, 달서구의 성서, 동구의 안심, 북구의 칠곡 등과 같은 교외 지역에서 2020년에 녹지의 파편화(fragmentation) 현상이 뚜렷하게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 개발제한구역이 해제되는 경우, 개발제한구역 경계 주변부에서 녹지의 파편화가 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 미래 대구시의 지속가능한 녹지관리를 위해서는 이러한 공간적 변화 양상을 충분히 고려하여 체계적인 모니터링을 실시할 필요가 있다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.718-735
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• 2008

환승시설(Park-and-Ride facilities)은 상이한 교통수단을 갈아탈 수 있도록 설계된 교통시설로, 대도시 지역의 교통혼잡, 대기오염 등 교통문제를 완화시키는 방안으로 평가받고 있다. 환승시설의 입지 결정은 다기준 의사결정 과정으로, 다양한 입지요인들을 체계적으로 평가하고 결석하는 방법을 필요로 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 지리정보시스템(GIS)의 공간데이터 관리기능 및 다양한 공간분석 기능을 이용하여 환승시설의 입지 적합도를 평가하는 방법 및 절차를 제시하는 것이다. GIS를 이용한 적합도분석 방법을 이용하여 지가, 토지이용, 도로접근성, 대중교통접근성, 승용차 유인가능성, 업무활동중심지로부터의 거리, 기존시설과의 경쟁 등의 요인들을 평가하였다. 그 후 가중치 기법을 이용하여 개별요인 적합도를 모두 반영한 최종 적합도 지도를 생성하였다. 종합적으로 평가된 결과를 바탕으로 정해진 수의 입지 후보지를 선정하였고 잠재적 수요를 평가하였다. 잠재적 수요평가를 위하여 포물선 모양의 서비스 영역을 정의하였다. 이러한 환승시설 입지 적합도분석 과정을 시설의 입지결정 및 설계과정에 유용한 정보를 제공한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2017

This study was conducted to develop detailed evaluation indicator as a way for evaluating sustainable urban ecosystem health focused on ecological urban elements from an eco-cultural point of view after the appearance of Eco-cultural City to meet various needs. And this study was also conducted to search for ways to utilize the detailed evaluation indicator like institutionalization. Eco-cultural City was defined as a city where ecological environment and cultural environment coexist and was aimed to derive applicable planning indicators in Korea. For this, FGI was executed, planning indicators were derived, and suitability was examined. The weights were calculated based on the selected indicators through AHP expert survey. After getting the result of FGI, experts reviewed the adequacy of definition from Eco-cultural City and its necessity, and the applicability of planning indicators was examined with evaluation of suitability. As a result of evaluating suitability, it was judged that 41 indicators based on an overall average of 4 areas were relatively high on suitability and also important among sectors. As for the analysis result, the priority order in multistage classification was as followed : harmony between human and environment(B) 0.349, environmental resources(A) 0.266, city environment and quality of culture(C) 0.208, and role division and citizen participation(D) 0.177. In the second level of relative importance, environment protection and infra in the role and citizen participation section was the highest, 0.449, harmonization policy and system in calculating weights was the highest.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.33-49
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• 2000

본 논문은 도시지역의 폐기물 매립지의 적지선정에 GIS기법을 적용한 사례연구를 제시한 것이다. 폐기물 매립지의 적지분석을 위한 여러 가지 평가인자들을 결정하고 데이터의 수집, 입력, 변환을 통하여 데이터베이스가 구축되었다. 또한 위성영상의 처리에 의해 대상지역의 최근 토지피복 분류와 식생활력도(NDVI) 데이터가 평가인자로서 GIS데이터에 통합되었다. 사회경제적 인자와 자연환경적 인자로 구분되는 1차 분류 평가인자들의 가중치를 이원비교법에 의해 결정된 2차분류 평가인자들의 가중치와 조합하여 분석하였다. 사례연구의 결과, 여러 가지 평가기준에 따른 적합성 분석이 가능하였으며, 사회경제적 인자를 중요하게 간주하는 관점에서 2차 분류 평가인자들의 가중치를 중요도에 따라 다르게 부여한 경우에서 가장 높은 적합도가 얻어졌다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2020

This study was conducted to comprehend the spatial distribution characteristics, habitats and appearances of Hydropotes inermis by using the biotope mapping in Daebudo Island, Ansan-si. The result is base data to understand status and manage potential inhabitation of Hydropotes inermis in Daebudo Island through the Maximum Entropy model. The study used 105 traces from the primary investigation and 452 traces in the secondary investigation. The biotope types were distinquished Hydropotes inermis habitats largest from the order of natural forest (15.1%), natural coast (13.7%), marshy cultivated land (12.6%), and dry cultivated land (11.7%), and from the inhabitation trace results. Hydropotes inermis appearanced biotope types were the greatest in the order of cultivated land (49.73%) > forest (18.85%) > coast (7.00%) > grassland (6.28%). Since forests in Daebudo Island have low slope and altitude, it was concluded that Hydropotes inermis would live in most of the forests. A high number of Hydropotes inermis was found to appear in areas where the grassland is formed including cultivated lands (include unused paddies and fields) and marshy grasslands, which would result in direct damage of crops. According to the Maxent modeling analysis that used location information of Hydropotes inermis, the AUC value was 0.635 based on the ROC curve. In Daebudo Island, areas with over 0.635 potential inhabitation value are distributed all over the place, and it was concluded that each population would have a different scope of influence and home range. Hydropotes inermis living in Daebudo Island have high habitat suitability mainly around the cultivated lands near the roads, but due to the bare lands and roads, it is expected that their habitats would be fragmented and damaged, which would have a direct and indirect effect in maintaining the Hydropotes inermis population. Also, considering habitat disturbance, diverse methods for reducing damage including capturing some individuals within the limit that does not disperse Hydropotes inermis population in Daebudo Island must be carried out.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.403-413
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• 2005

The environmental conservation-targeted zoning in urban planning process has been functioned as securing a ecological core in urban green spaces management. Hence, the designation of conservation zones in land use planning is considered as a key task to achieve the sustainability of urban planning. The recently introduced pre-environmental review system for the proposed urban plan, by which the conservative measures for urban ecosystem and landscape are suggested in aspect of environmental impact mitigation, has played an active role in enhancing the environmental performance degraded by wide range of development pressure. This study is aimed at drawing out of objective criteria for designation of environmental conservation zones, which can be applied to urban planning establishment and also to environmental assessment process. To achieve this goal, the study adopted the following methods; pre-study review, analysis of existing official opinion statements released by the Ministry of Environment, contents analysis of related laws, and experts' panel discussions on the finally arranged criteria. The results of this research can be summarized as follows: First, the total criteria of 48 are drown out with categorizing into environment-ecological and socio-cultural sectosr. Second, the environment-ecological part is composed of 33 criteria such as vegetation, animal, geomorphology, watershed, environmental land suitability, and etc. Here, the Degree of Ecological Function, Degree of Environmental Land Suitability, and Vegetation Map are mainly utilized. Third, the 15 socio-cultural criteria relating to the history, social ecology and landscape have such components as forest around relics, Seo-won(school), castle, tomb, landmark, skyline, natural landscape, and etc. Forth, these individual criteria can be applied to designation of each conservation zones among total of 11 conservation areas(or districts).

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-66
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• 1985

Korea needs proper and rational public policies on conservation and use of forest land and other natural resources because of the accelerating expansion of national land developments in recent years. Unfortunately, there is no systematic planning system to support the needs. Generally, forest land use planning needs suitability analysis based on efficient land classification system. The goal of this study was to classify a forest land using multivariate satistical methods. A case study was carried out in winter of 1983 on a mountainous area higher than 100m above sea level located at Mt. Kwanak in Anyang -city, Kyung-gi-do (province). The study area was 19.80 km$^2$wide and was divided into 1, 383 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU's) by a 120m$\times$120m grid. Fourteen descriptors were identified and quantified for each OTU from existing national land data : elevation, slope, aspect, terrain form, geologic material, surface soil permeability, topsoil type, depth of the solum, soil acidity, forest cover type, stand size class, stand age class, stand density class, and simple forest soil capability class. For this study, a FORTRAN IV program was written for input and output map data, and the computer statistics packages, SPSS and BMD, were used to perform the multivariate statistical analysis. Fourteen variables were analyzed to investigate the characteristics of their fire quench distribution and to estimate the correlation coefficients among them. Principal component analysis was executed to find the dimensions of forest land characteristics, and factor scores were used for proper samples of OTU throughout the study area. In order to develop the classes of forest land classification based on 102 surrogates, cluster and discriminant analyses of principal descriptor variable matrix were undertaken. Results obtained through a series of multivariate statistical analyses were as follows ; 1) Principal component analysis was proved to be a useful tool for data selection and identification of principal descriptor variables which represented the characteristics of forest land and facilitated the selection of samples.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2005

Due to rapid and reckless economic development, natural resources of the national land have been damaged and polluted. Accordingly, the necessity for environment-friendly development has been on the rise and many have made efforts to assess the environmental value of the national land. This study divides the conservation areas by means of using relative elevation, slope, and development of housing land based on environmental evaluation of the national land. The relative elevation is obtained by the difference of altitude at the edge of the forest patch extracted from the land cover classification map based on the ridgeline, and the slope is obtained by environment-oriented land suitability analysis. The development of housing land is classified in accordance with the progress of each project. Twenty-six evaluation criteria are divided into five different grades using the minimal indicator approach and then sub-divided into ten grades by means of using the following two scenarios. The first one uses the weight of input materials while the second one relies on the size of patches that are emphasized in landscape ecology. Consequently, such a study demonstrated the following results. The method relying on the weight of input materials revealed the limitation of emphasizing input materials excessively, whereas the method of considering the size of patches resulted in the division of conservation areas that embody regional characteristics. This study is meaningful in that it classifies the conservation areas by reflecting the regional characteristics and the ecological values of animals and plants.